Simona Francese: Your fingerprints reveal more than you think
Симона Франчезе: Пръстовите ви отпечатъци разкриват повече, отколкото подозирате
Simona Francese is a chemist by training who is passionate about forensics. Full bio
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during a romantic dinner,
по време на романтична вечеря:
all over my wine glass."
по цялата чаша."
when you visit a friend,
че когато сте на гости,
on every surface that you touch?
върху всяка повърхност, която докоснете?
to sit without touching anything?
без да докоснете нищо?
the power of fingerprints, too.
значението на пръстовите отпечатъци.
the twisted parting of lines
an entire world of information
често невидимо.
are made up of molecules
се състоят от молекули,
in very different amounts ...
отделяме в различни количества ...
and then we sweat out
и след това отделяме с потта
our fingertips with
замърсяваме пръстите си,
like blood, paint, grease,
кръв, боя, мазнина,
the storytellers of who we are
кои сме
the right technology to make them talk.
за да ги накараме да проговорят.
of unthinkable capabilities.
с невероятни възможности.
in the woods three days later,
намерено в гората три дни
трима заподозряни,
the search from over 20 men
от над 20 мъже,
in that area on the same day.
на този ден.
overlapping fingerprints
пръстови отпечатъка,
wrapped around Katie's neck.
увито около врата на Кейт.
cannot help the police
не могат да помогнат на полицията
this might have been the end of the road,
до задънена улица,
we can make the difference.
our cutting-edge technology
нашата напредничава технология,
analysis of fingerprints.
анализ на пръстови отпечатъци.
a UV laser at the print,
към отпечатъка,
of the molecules from the print,
молекулите от отпечатъка
by the mass spectrometer.
хванати от масспектометъра.
the weight of the molecules --
теглото на молекулите --
they indicate that mass.
показват тази маса.
forensically speaking.
от гледна точка на съдебната медицина.
to the evidence that we have
наличните доказателства
of condom lubricants.
лубрикант от кондом.
that enable us to even suggest
които ни позволяват дори да предположим
е била използвана.
на полицията,
have obtained a search warrant
заповед за обиск
of condom in Dalton's premises.
в жилището на Далтън.
also having records for sexual assaults,
имат досиета за сексуално посегателство,
the less likely suspect.
enough to make an arrest?
достатъчна за арест?
with our investigation.
задълбочим изследванията си.
of other two very interesting molecules.
много интересни молекули.
and consume cocaine at the same time.
по едно и също време.
the effects of cocaine,
ефекта от кокаина,
on the state of mind
whilst perpetrating the crime.
Thomson is a drug addict,
Томсън е наркозависим
for psychotic episodes,
за психотични епизоди,
the antidepressant was prescribed.
му е изписан антидепресантът.
the more likely suspect.
по-вероятен заподозрян.
where these molecules are coming from,
от къде идват тези молекули,
тези два пръстови отпечатъка.
can help us further.
these molecules are on a fingerprint.
се намират тези молекули върху отпечатъка.
corresponds to a mass,
by selecting each of those molecules,
можем да попитаме софтуера
on a fingermark.
of the same mark --
на един и същ отпечатък --
of the same fingerprint --
that we have detected.
колкото сме засекли.
при застъпващи се отпечатъци,
from different individuals,
is not identical,
to visualize those unique molecules
да визуализира онези уникални молекули,
and not in the other one.
но не и при друг.
the two ridge patterns.
to identify one of the two fingerprints,
единия от двата отпечатъка,
the two separate images
двата отделни отпечатъка,
on one fingerprint only --
само върху един отпечатък --
molecules that I've seen?
които видях?
show me where they are.
покажи ми къде са.
of the killer's fingerprint show up.
от отпечатъка на убиеца се проявяват.
in the killer's print.
отпечатъка на убиеца.
start matching very nicely
започват да пасват все по-добре със
с които полицията разполага,
is still not good enough
все още не е достатъчен,
of the same fingerprint,
изображения на един и същи отпечатък,
of continuity and clarity?
и точността на богатия рисунък?
of the fingerprint
на пръстовия отпечатък
through the database.
в базата данни.
of the crime aren't real,
около престъплението не са истински,
we've been confronted with,
с които сме се сблъсквали,
that we can provide --
които можем да предоставим --
to provide the police.
да предоставим на полицията.
that after nine years of intense research,
че след девет години упорито проучване,
to police investigations.
полицейски разследвания.
more about the suspect,
for criminal profiling.
в криминалното профилиране.
of behavioral patterns
на поведенчески модели,
to belong to a certain type,
че принадлежат към определен тип,
but subjective evaluation,
но субективно оценяване,
of the fingerprint,
на пръстовия отпечатък,
молекулите са разказвачи,
your routines,
вашите навици,
the storytellers of our secrets
разказвачите на нашите тайни
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Simona Francese - Analytical chemistSimona Francese is a chemist by training who is passionate about forensics.
Why you should listen
Simona Francese is a Professor of Forensic and Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry at Sheffield Hallam University in the UK. As she writes: "I have been fascinated by forensics since I was 17, and I was determined to pursue an educational route that eventually would enable me to contribute to secure societies. As always in life, nothing is straightforward. I enrolled in the chemistry course because it was the closest degree at the time that could lead me to where I wanted to be. I ended up doing a PhD and post-doctorate fellowships working with viruses and diseases. But I was always focused on my ultimate objective, and throughout I developed a strong expertise in mass spectrometry, which is an extremely versatile analytical technique. This was crucial.
"When I obtained my first lectureship, I had the freedom to build my own research, and I used mass spectrometry imaging to develop ways to profile individuals from their fingermarks, thus helping police with their investigations. What has the suspect been handling? What is their lifestyle? What did he do prior to or while committing the crime? These are some of the questions that the developed technology can answer, and we are working on providing additional information -- for example, on the pathological or pharmacological state of the individual, just from looking at their fingermark! A fantastic achievement for me, but the best accomplishment was keeping the focus for 14 years and remaining determined to finally be able to do what I have always been so passionate about."
Simona Francese | Speaker | TED.com