Simona Francese: Your fingerprints reveal more than you think
סימונה פרנסס: טביעות האצבע שלכם חושפות יותר ממה שאתם חושבים
Simona Francese is a chemist by training who is passionate about forensics. Full bio
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during a romantic dinner,
באמצע ארוחה רומנטית,
all over my wine glass."
על כוס היין שלי".
when you visit a friend,
on every surface that you touch?
על כל משטח שנגעתם בו?
to sit without touching anything?
the power of fingerprints, too.
ממעיטים בערכן של טביעות אצבע.
the twisted parting of lines
an entire world of information
are made up of molecules
in very different amounts ...
ברמות שונות,
and then we sweat out
ואז מזיעים אותן החוצה
our fingertips with
like blood, paint, grease,
the storytellers of who we are
the right technology to make them talk.
כדי לגרום להן לדבר.
of unthinkable capabilities.
בעל יכולות בלתי נתפשות.
in the woods three days later,
שלושה ימים לאחר מכן,
the search from over 20 men
in that area on the same day.
overlapping fingerprints
wrapped around Katie's neck.
סביב צווארה של קייטי.
cannot help the police
לא יכולות לסייע למשטרה
this might have been the end of the road,
we can make the difference.
our cutting-edge technology
פורצת-הדרך שלנו
analysis of fingerprints.
ולדימות של טביעות אצבע.
a UV laser at the print,
אולטרא סגול על טביעת האצבע,
of the molecules from the print,
מטביעת האצבע,
by the mass spectrometer.
the weight of the molecules --
they indicate that mass.
הם מציינים מסה זו.
forensically speaking.
בהקשר של זיהוי פלילי.
to the evidence that we have
על הראייה שקיבלנו
of condom lubricants.
that enable us to even suggest
שמאפשרים לנו אפילו להסיק
have obtained a search warrant
of condom in Dalton's premises.
ברשותו של דלטון.
also having records for sexual assaults,
רישומים של תקיפות מיניות,
the less likely suspect.
enough to make an arrest?
with our investigation.
of other two very interesting molecules.
מולקולות אחרות מאוד מעניינות.
and consume cocaine at the same time.
בו זמנית.
the effects of cocaine,
on the state of mind
whilst perpetrating the crime.
Thomson is a drug addict,
for psychotic episodes,
של הפרעות פסיכוטיות,
the antidepressant was prescribed.
של תרופה נוגדת-דכאון.
the more likely suspect.
where these molecules are coming from,
מהיכן המולקולות האלה מגיעות,
can help us further.
יכול לעזור לנו בעוד אופן.
these molecules are on a fingerprint.
מופיעות על כל טביעת אצבע.
corresponds to a mass,
by selecting each of those molecules,
על ידי בחירה של כל אחת מהמולקולות האלה,
on a fingermark.
of the same mark --
תמונות רבות של אותה טביעת אצבע --
of the same fingerprint --
של אותה טביעת האצבע --
that we have detected.
רוב הסיכויים הם,
from different individuals,
is not identical,
to visualize those unique molecules
של אותן מולקולות ייחודיות
and not in the other one.
the two ridge patterns.
של נקודות השיא.
to identify one of the two fingerprints,
אחת משתי טביעות האצבע,
the two separate images
on one fingerprint only --
בטביעת אצבע אחת בלבד --
molecules that I've seen?
show me where they are.
הראי לי היכן הן נמצאות.
of the killer's fingerprint show up.
של הרוצח מופיעים.
in the killer's print.
בטביעת האצבע של הרוצח.
start matching very nicely
מתחילים להתאים יפה מאוד
is still not good enough
עדיין אינה מספיקה
of the same fingerprint,
של אותה טביעת אצבע,
of continuity and clarity?
של המשכיות ובהירות?
of the fingerprint
של טביעת האצבע
through the database.
מול מאגר הנתונים.
of the crime aren't real,
אינם אמיתיים,
we've been confronted with,
שאותן יצא לנו לבצע,
that we can provide --
שיש ביכולתינו לספק --
to provide the police.
that after nine years of intense research,
שאחרי תשע שנים של מחקר אינטנסיבי,
to police investigations.
בהיקף נרחב יותר ויותר,
more about the suspect,
יותר על החשוד,
for criminal profiling.
בפרופילאות פלילית.
of behavioral patterns
של דפוסים התנהגותיים
to belong to a certain type,
but subjective evaluation,
of the fingerprint,
של טביעת האצבע,
your routines,
שגרות הפעולה שלכם,
the storytellers of our secrets
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Simona Francese - Analytical chemistSimona Francese is a chemist by training who is passionate about forensics.
Why you should listen
Simona Francese is a Professor of Forensic and Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry at Sheffield Hallam University in the UK. As she writes: "I have been fascinated by forensics since I was 17, and I was determined to pursue an educational route that eventually would enable me to contribute to secure societies. As always in life, nothing is straightforward. I enrolled in the chemistry course because it was the closest degree at the time that could lead me to where I wanted to be. I ended up doing a PhD and post-doctorate fellowships working with viruses and diseases. But I was always focused on my ultimate objective, and throughout I developed a strong expertise in mass spectrometry, which is an extremely versatile analytical technique. This was crucial.
"When I obtained my first lectureship, I had the freedom to build my own research, and I used mass spectrometry imaging to develop ways to profile individuals from their fingermarks, thus helping police with their investigations. What has the suspect been handling? What is their lifestyle? What did he do prior to or while committing the crime? These are some of the questions that the developed technology can answer, and we are working on providing additional information -- for example, on the pathological or pharmacological state of the individual, just from looking at their fingermark! A fantastic achievement for me, but the best accomplishment was keeping the focus for 14 years and remaining determined to finally be able to do what I have always been so passionate about."
Simona Francese | Speaker | TED.com