TED2014
Shubhendu Sharma: An engineer's vision for tiny forests, everywhere
Shubhendu Sharma: Com crear un bosc petit a qualsevol lloc
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Un bosc plantat per humans, i deixat a càrrec de la natura, triga normalment uns 100 anys a madurar. Però i si fos possible aconseguir-ho deu vegades més ràpid? En aquesta xerrada curta, l'eco-emprenedor (i membre de TED) Shubhendu Sharma ens explica com crear un petit ecosistema de boscos a qualsevol lloc.
Shubhendu Sharma - Eco-entrepreneur
Shubhendu Sharma creates afforestation methods that make it easy to plant maintenance-free, wild and biodiverse forests. Full bio
Shubhendu Sharma creates afforestation methods that make it easy to plant maintenance-free, wild and biodiverse forests. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
I'm an industrial engineer.
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Sóc enginyer industrial.
00:14
The goal in my life has always been to make
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L'objectiu en la meva vida ha estat sempre
00:17
more and more products
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fer més i més productes
00:18
in the least amount of time and resources.
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amb el mínim de material i de temps.
00:21
While working at Toyota,
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Quan treballava a Toyota,
00:22
all I knew was how to make cars
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tot el que sabia era com fer cotxes
00:24
until I met Dr. Akira Miyawaki,
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fins que vaig conèixer el Dr. Akira Miyawaki,
00:27
who came to our factory to make a forest in it
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qui va venir a la fàbrica a fer-hi un bosc
00:30
in order to make it carbon-neutral.
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per tal que fos neutral en carboni.
00:33
I was so fascinated
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Em va fascinar tant
00:35
that I decided to learn this methodology
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que vaig decidir aprendre aquest mètode
00:37
by joining his team as a volunteer.
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unint-me a al seu equip com a voluntari.
00:40
Soon, I started making a forest
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Aviat, vaig començar a crear un bosc
00:42
in the backyard of my own house,
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al jardí de casa meva,
00:44
and this is how it looks after three years.
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i així es troba al cap de tres anys.
00:48
These forests,
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Aquests boscos,
00:49
compared to a conventional plantation,
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comparats amb una plantació convencional,
00:51
grow 10 times faster,
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creixen 10 vegades més ràpid,
00:54
they're 30 times more dense,
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són 30 vegades més densos,
00:56
and 100 times more biodiverse.
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i tenen 100 vegades més biodiversitat.
01:00
Within two years of having this forest in our backyard,
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Al cap de 2 anys de tenir aquest bosc al jardí,
01:03
I could observe that the groundwater
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vaig poder observar que l'aigua subterrània
01:05
didn't dry during summers,
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no s'assecava a l'estiu,
01:07
the number of bird species I spotted in this area
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el nombre d'espècies d'ocell en aquesta zona
01:10
doubled.
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es va doblar.
01:11
Quality of air became better,
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La qualitat de l'aire va millorar,
01:13
and we started harvesting seasonal fruits
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i vam començar a collir fruita de temporada
01:15
growing effortlessly
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que creixia sense esforç
01:17
right in the backyard of our house.
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al bell mig del jardí de casa.
01:19
I wanted to make more of these forests.
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Jo volia fer-ne més d'aquests boscos.
01:22
I was so moved by these results
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Els resultats em van emocionar tant
01:23
that I wanted to make these forests
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que volia crear aquests boscos
01:25
with the same acumen with which we make cars
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amb la mateixa perspicàcia amb què fem cotxes
01:28
or write software or do any mainstream business,
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o escrivim software o fem qualsevol altra feina,
01:31
so I founded a company
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així que vaig fundar una companyia
01:33
which is an end-to-end service provider
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que permet crear aquests boscos natius
01:35
to create these native natural forests.
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i naturals, de principi a final.
01:38
But to make afforestation as a mainstream business
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Però per convertir la forestació en un negoci general
01:42
or an industry, we had to standardize
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o una indústria, vam haver d'estandaritzar
01:44
the process of forest-making.
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el procés de creació d'un bosc.
01:46
So we benchmarked the Toyota Production System
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Així que vam agafar el Toyoyta Production System
01:48
known for its quality and efficiency
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com a referència, de qualitat i eficiència
01:51
for the process of forest-making.
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per al procés de creació d'un bosc.
01:53
For an example, the core of TPS,
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Per exemple, el nucli del TPS,
01:56
Toyota Production System, lies in heijunka,
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Toyota Production System, es troba al heijunka,
01:59
which is making manufacturing
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que permet la construcció
02:01
of different models of cars
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de diferents models de cotxe
02:03
on a single assembly line.
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en una mateixa línia de muntatge.
02:05
We replaced these cars with trees,
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Vam substituir aquests cotxes per arbres,
02:08
using which now we can make multi-layered forests.
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i ara podem fer boscos de diverses capes.
02:11
These forests utilize 100 percent vertical space.
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Aquests boscos fan ús al 100% de l'espai vertical.
02:15
They are so dense
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Són tan densos
02:15
that one can't even walk into them.
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que no s'hi pot ni entrar.
02:19
For an example, we can make a 300-tree forest
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Per exemple, podem crear un bosc de 300 arbres
02:22
in an area as small as the parking spaces of six cars.
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en una àrea tan petita com 6 places d'aparcament.
02:27
In order to reduce cost and our own carbon footprint,
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Per tal de reduir costos i la nostra petjada de carboni,
02:31
we started utilizing local biomass
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vam començar a utilitzar biomassa local
02:33
as soil amender and fertilizers.
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per alterar el sòl i com a fertilitzant.
02:36
For example, coconut shells crushed in a machine
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Per exemple, els cocos buits trinxats en
02:38
mixed with rice straw,
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una màquina i barrejats amb palla d'arròs,
02:42
powder of rice husk mixed with organic manure
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la pellofa d'arròs barrejada amb fems ecològics
02:46
is finally dumped in soil on which
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es llança al sòl on
02:48
our forest is planted.
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tenim plantat el bosc.
02:49
Once planted, we use grass or rice straw
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Una vegada plantat, utilitzem herba o palla d'arròs
02:52
to cover the soil
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per cobrir el sòl
02:54
so that all the water which goes into irrigation
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perquè tota l'aigua amb què es rega
02:57
doesn't get evaporated back into the atmosphere.
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no s'evapori altra vegada a l'atmosfera.
02:59
And using these simple improvisations,
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I fent servir aquestes improvitzacions
03:01
today we can make a forest
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tan simples, podem crear un bosc
03:03
for a cost as low as the cost of an iPhone.
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per a un preu més baix que el d'un iPhone.
03:07
Today, we are making forests in houses,
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Avui, estem creant boscos a cases,
03:09
in schools, even in factories with the corporates.
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a escoles, fins i tot a fàbriques amb
03:13
But that's not enough.
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els empresaris. Però no n'hi ha prou.
03:15
There is a huge number of people
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Hi ha un nombre molt gran de persones
03:17
who want to take matters into their own hands.
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que vol posar-se a treballar.
03:20
So we let it happen.
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I volem que sigui possible.
03:22
Today, we are working on an Internet-based platform
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Estem treballant en una plataforma online
03:26
where we are going to share our methodology
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on compartirem la nostra metodologia
03:29
on an open source
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de manera oberta
03:31
using which anyone and everyone
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amb la qual tothom
03:32
can make their own forest
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pot creat el seu propi bosc
03:34
without our physical presence being there,
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sense la nostra presència física,
03:36
using our methodology.
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fent servir la nostra metodologia.
03:38
At the click of a button,
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Clicant en un botó,
03:40
they can get to know all the native species
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poden saber totes les espècies natives
03:41
of their place.
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d'allà on viuen.
03:43
By installing a small hardware probe on site,
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Instal·lant una petita eina de sondeig
03:47
we can do remote soil testing,
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al lloc indicat, podem testar el sòl,
03:50
using which we can give step-by-step instructions
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i després donar instruccions pas a pas
03:54
on forest-making remotely.
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per la creació a distància d'un bosc.
03:57
Also we can monitor the growth of this forest
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També podem seguir el creixement del bosc
03:59
without being on site.
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sense haver de ser-hi presents.
04:03
This methodology, I believe,
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Aquesta metodologia, crec,
04:05
has a potential.
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té potencial.
04:06
By sharing, we can actually
bring back our native forests.
bring back our native forests.
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Compartint, podem recuperar els nostres boscos.
04:09
Now, when you go back home,
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Ara, quan aneu a casa,
04:11
if you see a barren piece of land,
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si veieu un tros de terra estèril,
04:13
do remember that it can be a potential forest.
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recordeu que pot ser un bosc en potència.
04:16
Thank you very much. Thanks.
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Moltíssimes gràcies. Gràcies.
04:18
(Applause)
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(Aplaudiments)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Shubhendu Sharma - Eco-entrepreneurShubhendu Sharma creates afforestation methods that make it easy to plant maintenance-free, wild and biodiverse forests.
Why you should listen
Industrial engineer Shubhendu Sharma was working at Toyota in India when he met Japanese forest expert Akira Miyawaki, who'd arrived to plant a forest at the factory, using a methodology he'd developed to make a forest grow ten times faster that normal. Fascinated, Sharma interned with Miyawaki, and grew his first successful forest on a small plot behind a house.
Today, his company Afforestt promotes a standardized method for seeding dense, fast-growing, native forests in barren lands, using his car-manufacturing acumen to create a system allowing a multilayer forest of 300 trees to grow on an area as small as the parking spaces of six cars -- for less than the price of an iPhone. Afforestt has helped grow forests at homes, schools and factories. Sharma seen improvement in air quality, an increase in biodiversity -- and the forests even generate fresh fruit. Afforestt is at work on a platform that will offer hardware probes to analyze soil quality, allowing the company to offer step-by-step instructions for anyone who wants to grow a native forest anywhere in the world.
Shubhendu Sharma | Speaker | TED.com