TED2014
Shubhendu Sharma: An engineer's vision for tiny forests, everywhere
Šubhendu Šarma (Shubhendu Sharma): Kako uzgajati malu šumu bilo gde
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Šumi koju zasade ljudi, a zatim je ostave prirodi, obično treba najmanje 100 godina da se razvije. Ali šta ako bismo mogli da učinimo proces 10 puta bržim? U ovom kratkom govoru eko-preduzetnik (i učesnik TED Fellows programa), Šubhendu Šarma objašnjava kako stvoriti mali šumski ekosistem bilo gde.
Shubhendu Sharma - Eco-entrepreneur
Shubhendu Sharma creates afforestation methods that make it easy to plant maintenance-free, wild and biodiverse forests. Full bio
Shubhendu Sharma creates afforestation methods that make it easy to plant maintenance-free, wild and biodiverse forests. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
I'm an industrial engineer.
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Ja sam industrijski inženjer.
00:14
The goal in my life has always been to make
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Moj cilj u životu je oduvek bio da pravim
00:17
more and more products
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što više i više proizvoda
00:18
in the least amount of time and resources.
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sa što manje vremena i resursa.
00:21
While working at Toyota,
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Dok sam radio u Tojoti,
jedino što sam znao je da
pravim automobile
pravim automobile
00:22
all I knew was how to make cars
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00:24
until I met Dr. Akira Miyawaki,
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dok nisam upoznao dr Akiru Mijavakija,
00:27
who came to our factory to make a forest in it
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koji je došao u našu fabriku
da napravi šumu u njoj
da napravi šumu u njoj
00:30
in order to make it carbon-neutral.
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kako bi je učinio ugljenik-neutralnom.
00:33
I was so fascinated
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Bio sam toliko fasciniran
00:35
that I decided to learn this methodology
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da sam odlučio da naučim ovu metodologiju
00:37
by joining his team as a volunteer.
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pristupivši njegovom timu kao volonter.
00:40
Soon, I started making a forest
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Uskoro sam počeo da pravim šumu
00:42
in the backyard of my own house,
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u dvorištu iza svoje kuće,
00:44
and this is how it looks after three years.
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i ovako izgleda posle tri godine.
00:48
These forests,
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Ove šume,
00:49
compared to a conventional plantation,
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u poređenju sa konvencionalnom sadnjom,
00:51
grow 10 times faster,
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rastu 10 puta brže,
00:54
they're 30 times more dense,
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30 puta su gušće,
00:56
and 100 times more biodiverse.
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i 100 puta bioraznovrsnije.
01:00
Within two years of having this forest in our backyard,
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Tokom 2 godine od kada
imamo ovu šumu u našem dvorištu,
imamo ovu šumu u našem dvorištu,
01:03
I could observe that the groundwater
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primetio sam da se podzemne vode
01:05
didn't dry during summers,
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nisu sušile tokom leta,
01:07
the number of bird species I spotted in this area
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da se broj vrsta ptica koje
primećujem u ovoj oblasti
primećujem u ovoj oblasti
01:10
doubled.
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udvostručio.
Kvalitet vazduha je postao bolji
01:11
Quality of air became better,
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01:13
and we started harvesting seasonal fruits
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i počeli smo da ubiramo sezonsko voće
01:15
growing effortlessly
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koje raste bez napora
01:17
right in the backyard of our house.
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upravo u dvorištu naše kuće.
01:19
I wanted to make more of these forests.
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Želeo sam da pravim još ovakvih šuma.
Bio sam tako dirnut ovim rezultatima
01:22
I was so moved by these results
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01:23
that I wanted to make these forests
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da sam želeo da napravim ove šume
01:25
with the same acumen with which we make cars
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sa istom oštroumnošću
sa kojom pravimo automobile
sa kojom pravimo automobile
01:28
or write software or do any mainstream business,
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ili programiramo softver
ili radimo bilo koji mejnstrim posao,
ili radimo bilo koji mejnstrim posao,
01:31
so I founded a company
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pa sam osnovao firmu
01:33
which is an end-to-end service provider
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koja pruža usluge od početka do kraja
01:35
to create these native natural forests.
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za stvaranje ovih domaćih prirodnih šuma.
01:38
But to make afforestation as a mainstream business
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Ali da bi napravili od pošumljavanja
mejnstrim posao
mejnstrim posao
01:42
or an industry, we had to standardize
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ili delatnost,
morali smo da standardizujemo
morali smo da standardizujemo
01:44
the process of forest-making.
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proces pravljenja šuma.
01:46
So we benchmarked the Toyota Production System
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Tako smo pošli od
Tojotinog proizvodnog sistema
Tojotinog proizvodnog sistema
01:48
known for its quality and efficiency
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poznatog po svom kvalitetu i efikasnosti
01:51
for the process of forest-making.
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za proces pravljenja šuma.
01:53
For an example, the core of TPS,
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Na primer, srž TPS-a,
01:56
Toyota Production System, lies in heijunka,
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Tojotinog proizvodnog sistema,
leži u nivelisanju,
leži u nivelisanju,
a to znači proizvoditi
01:59
which is making manufacturing
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02:01
of different models of cars
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različite modele automobila
02:03
on a single assembly line.
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na jednoj traci.
02:05
We replaced these cars with trees,
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Zamenili smo te automobile drvećem,
02:08
using which now we can make multi-layered forests.
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čijim korišćenjem
sada možemo napraviti višeslojne šume.
sada možemo napraviti višeslojne šume.
02:11
These forests utilize 100 percent vertical space.
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Ove šume koriste
100 posto vertikalnog prostora.
100 posto vertikalnog prostora.
Toliko su guste
02:15
They are so dense
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02:15
that one can't even walk into them.
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da se ne može proći proz njih.
02:19
For an example, we can make a 300-tree forest
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Na primer,
možemo napraviti šumu od 300 drveća
možemo napraviti šumu od 300 drveća
02:22
in an area as small as the parking spaces of six cars.
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u oblasti maloj kao što je
parkiralište za šest automobila.
parkiralište za šest automobila.
02:27
In order to reduce cost and our own carbon footprint,
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U cilju smanjenja troškova
i naše emisije ugljen-dioksida,
i naše emisije ugljen-dioksida,
02:31
we started utilizing local biomass
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počeli smo da koristimo lokalnu biomasu
02:33
as soil amender and fertilizers.
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kao poboljšivač zemljišta i đubrivo.
02:36
For example, coconut shells crushed in a machine
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Na primer,
ljuske kokosa smrvljene u mašini
ljuske kokosa smrvljene u mašini
02:38
mixed with rice straw,
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pomešane sa slamom pirinča,
02:42
powder of rice husk mixed with organic manure
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prah pirinčanih ljuspica
pomešan sa organskim đubrivom
pomešan sa organskim đubrivom
02:46
is finally dumped in soil on which
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konačno se baca na zemljište na kome
02:48
our forest is planted.
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se sadi naša šuma.
02:49
Once planted, we use grass or rice straw
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Kada je zasađena,
koristimo travu ili slamu pirinča
koristimo travu ili slamu pirinča
02:52
to cover the soil
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da prekrijemo zemljište
02:54
so that all the water which goes into irrigation
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tako da sva voda
koja ulazi u navodnjavanje
koja ulazi u navodnjavanje
02:57
doesn't get evaporated back into the atmosphere.
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ne ispari nazad u atmosferu.
02:59
And using these simple improvisations,
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Koristeći ove jednostavne improvizacije,
03:01
today we can make a forest
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danas možemo napraviti šumu
03:03
for a cost as low as the cost of an iPhone.
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za toliko nisku cenu
kao što je cena Ajfona.
kao što je cena Ajfona.
03:07
Today, we are making forests in houses,
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Danas, pravimo šume u kućama,
03:09
in schools, even in factories with the corporates.
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u školama,
čak i u fabrikama sa korporatima.
čak i u fabrikama sa korporatima.
03:13
But that's not enough.
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Ali to nije dovoljno.
03:15
There is a huge number of people
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Postoji ogroman broj ljudi
03:17
who want to take matters into their own hands.
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koji žele da uzmu stvari u svoje ruke.
03:20
So we let it happen.
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Tako da mi dozvolimo da se to ostvari.
03:22
Today, we are working on an Internet-based platform
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Danas, radimo na internet platformi
03:26
where we are going to share our methodology
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gde ćemo podeliti našu metodologiju
03:29
on an open source
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kao otvoreni izvor
03:31
using which anyone and everyone
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pomoću koga svako i bilo ko
03:32
can make their own forest
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može napraviti sopstvenu šumu
03:34
without our physical presence being there,
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bez našeg fizičkog prisustva,
03:36
using our methodology.
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koristeći našu metodologiju.
03:38
At the click of a button,
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Pritiskom dugmeta,
03:40
they can get to know all the native species
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mogu upoznati sve domaće vrste
03:41
of their place.
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svog mesta.
03:43
By installing a small hardware probe on site,
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Instaliranjem male hardverske sonde
na licu mesta,
na licu mesta,
03:47
we can do remote soil testing,
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možemo da obavimo
testiranje zemljišta na daljinu,
testiranje zemljišta na daljinu,
03:50
using which we can give step-by-step instructions
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čijim korišćenjem možemo dati
instrukcije korak po korak
instrukcije korak po korak
03:54
on forest-making remotely.
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za pravljenje šume na daljinu.
03:57
Also we can monitor the growth of this forest
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Takođe možemo nagledati rast ove šume
03:59
without being on site.
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bez prisustva na samom mestu.
04:03
This methodology, I believe,
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Ova metodologija, smatram,
04:05
has a potential.
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ima potencijal.
04:06
By sharing, we can actually
bring back our native forests.
bring back our native forests.
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Deleći, možemo zaista povratiti
naše domaće šume.
naše domaće šume.
04:09
Now, when you go back home,
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Kada se vratite kući,
04:11
if you see a barren piece of land,
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ako vidite pusto parče zemlje,
04:13
do remember that it can be a potential forest.
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setite se da može biti potencijalna šuma.
04:16
Thank you very much. Thanks.
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Hvala vam puno. Hvala.
04:18
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Shubhendu Sharma - Eco-entrepreneurShubhendu Sharma creates afforestation methods that make it easy to plant maintenance-free, wild and biodiverse forests.
Why you should listen
Industrial engineer Shubhendu Sharma was working at Toyota in India when he met Japanese forest expert Akira Miyawaki, who'd arrived to plant a forest at the factory, using a methodology he'd developed to make a forest grow ten times faster that normal. Fascinated, Sharma interned with Miyawaki, and grew his first successful forest on a small plot behind a house.
Today, his company Afforestt promotes a standardized method for seeding dense, fast-growing, native forests in barren lands, using his car-manufacturing acumen to create a system allowing a multilayer forest of 300 trees to grow on an area as small as the parking spaces of six cars -- for less than the price of an iPhone. Afforestt has helped grow forests at homes, schools and factories. Sharma seen improvement in air quality, an increase in biodiversity -- and the forests even generate fresh fruit. Afforestt is at work on a platform that will offer hardware probes to analyze soil quality, allowing the company to offer step-by-step instructions for anyone who wants to grow a native forest anywhere in the world.
Shubhendu Sharma | Speaker | TED.com