TED Residency
Duarte Geraldino: What we're missing in the debate about immigration
Duarte Geraldino: Hvad vi overser i debatten om immigration
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Mellem 2008 og 2016, har USA udvist mere end tre millioner mennesker. Hvad sker der med dem som bliver efterladt? Journalist Duarte Geraldino fortsætter fortællingen om udvisning hvor staten stopper. Hør om den større påvirkning af tvungen fjernelse i kraft med at Geraldino forklarer hvad det pludselige fravær af en mor, en lokal virksomhedsejer eller en gymnasieelev har af effekt og hvilket kaos det kan skabe i de relationer som holder vores samfund sammen.
Duarte Geraldino - Journalist
Duarte Geraldino is working on a multi-year project that chronicles the lives of citizens who lose people to deportation. Full bio
Duarte Geraldino is working on a multi-year project that chronicles the lives of citizens who lose people to deportation. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
So, Ma was trying to explain
something to me
something to me
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Så, min mor forsøgte at forklare mig noget
00:15
about Grandma and when they grew up,
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om min bedstemor og da de voksede op
00:17
but I couldn't pay attention to her
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men jeg kunne ikke koncentrere mig
00:19
because I was five years old,
and I was petrified.
and I was petrified.
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fordi jeg var fem år gammel og jeg var rædselsslagen.
00:21
I had just seen The Green Lady.
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Jeg havde lige set den grønne dame.
00:24
Now, about a week earlier,
I'd watched that movie "Godzilla,"
I'd watched that movie "Godzilla,"
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En uges tid forinden, havde jeg set filmen "Godzilla",
00:27
the one about that huge lizard-like beast
storming a major city,
storming a major city,
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som handler om en kæmpe reptil-lignende bæst
der angriber en storby,
der angriber en storby,
00:31
and the thought of a green monster
coming for me was stuck in my mind.
coming for me was stuck in my mind.
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og tanken om det grønne monster
der var efter mig sad fast i mit hoved.
der var efter mig sad fast i mit hoved.
00:35
And yet there I was,
at the tip of Lower Manhattan with my mom,
at the tip of Lower Manhattan with my mom,
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Og her var jeg, på spidsen af Lower Manhattan med min mor,
00:39
just staring at her:
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og jeg stirrede bare på hende:
00:40
her horns,
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hendes horn,
00:42
her muscles --
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hendes muskler --
00:43
all of it just frightened me.
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hele indtrykket skræmte mig.
00:44
And I didn't know
whether she was a monster or a hero.
whether she was a monster or a hero.
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Og jeg vidste ikke om hun var
et monster eller en helt.
et monster eller en helt.
00:49
So I decided to consult
the Google of the day --
the Google of the day --
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Så jeg besluttede mig for at konsultere
dengangs Google --
dengangs Google --
00:52
"Ma! Ma!"
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"Mor! Mor!"
00:53
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
00:55
My mother explained that The Green Lady
is actually the Statue of Liberty
is actually the Statue of Liberty
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Min mor forklarede at den grønne dame
faktisk er Frihedsgudinden
faktisk er Frihedsgudinden
01:00
and that she was waving immigrants in.
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og at hun vinkede immigranter ind.
01:02
Now, the part of her explanation
that really messed with my young head
that really messed with my young head
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Den del af hendes forklaring der virkelig
udfordrede mit unge sind
udfordrede mit unge sind
01:06
was the fact that, according to Ma,
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var faktummet at, ifølge min mor,
01:09
long before us,
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lang tid før os,
01:11
The Green Lady was actually brown,
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var den grønne dame faktisk brun,
01:15
brown like me,
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brun ligesom mig,
01:16
and that she changed
colors over the years,
colors over the years,
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og at hun havde skiftet farve henover årene,
01:19
much like America.
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meget lig Amerika.
01:21
Now, the part that really
is intriguing about this
is intriguing about this
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Den rigtig interassante del af det
01:26
is that when she changed colors,
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er at da hun skiftede farve,
01:28
she made me think about myself.
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fik hun mig til at tænke over mig selv.
01:30
It all made sense to me,
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Det gav alt sammen mening for mig,
01:31
because as a first-generation American,
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fordi som en første-generations Amerikaner,
01:33
I was surrounded by immigrants.
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var jeg omgivet af immigranter.
01:35
In fact, within my immediate social circle
of the people who support me,
of the people who support me,
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Faktisk, bare i min indre sociale kreds
af de mennesker der støtter mig,
af de mennesker der støtter mig,
01:39
who enrich my life,
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som beriger mit liv,
01:40
at least two are foreign-born.
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mindst to er født udenlands.
01:43
My life as a US citizen is in many ways
shaped by newcomers,
shaped by newcomers,
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Mit liv som Amerikansk samfundsborger,
er på mange måder formet af tilkommere,
er på mange måder formet af tilkommere,
01:46
and chances are,
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og chancen er,
01:48
so is yours.
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at det er dit også.
01:49
There are more than 40 million
immigrants in the USA.
immigrants in the USA.
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Der er mere end 40 millioner
immigranter i USA.
immigranter i USA.
01:53
According to census data,
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Ifølge folketællings-data,
01:54
a quarter of the nation's children
have at least one foreign-born parent.
have at least one foreign-born parent.
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har en fjerdedel af nationens børn
mindst én udenlands-født forældre.
mindst én udenlands-født forældre.
01:59
I know all these statistics
because I study global migration patterns.
because I study global migration patterns.
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Jeg kender til disse statistikker
fordi jeg studerer globale migrations mønstre.
fordi jeg studerer globale migrations mønstre.
02:04
I'm a journalist,
and for the last few years,
and for the last few years,
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Jeg er journalist og de sidste par år,
02:06
I've been documenting
the lives of US citizens
the lives of US citizens
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har jeg dokumenteret
livet hos Amerikanske statsborgere
livet hos Amerikanske statsborgere
02:09
who've lost people to deportation.
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der har mistet nogen til
udvisning af landet.
udvisning af landet.
02:11
And the numbers are enormous.
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Og tallene er enorme.
02:14
From 2008 to 2016,
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Fra 2008 til 2016,
02:16
more than three million people
were "ordered removed" --
were "ordered removed" --
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er mere end tre millioner mennesker
blevet "beordret fjernet" --
blevet "beordret fjernet" --
02:19
that's the technical term
for being deported.
for being deported.
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det er tekniske udtryk for udvisning.
02:23
There is an economic, a political,
a psychological and an emotional cost
a psychological and an emotional cost
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Der er en økonomisk, en politisk,
en psykologisk og en emotionel omkostning
en psykologisk og en emotionel omkostning
02:28
to those deportations --
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ved disse udvisninger --
02:30
the moments when these circles are broken.
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i øjeblikkene hvor disse cirkler bliver brudt.
02:33
I once asked a US soldier,
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Jeg spurgte engang en soldat,
02:35
"Why did you volunteer to fight this war?"
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"Hvorfor meldte du dig friviligt
til at kæmpe i denne krig?"
til at kæmpe i denne krig?"
02:37
And she told me,
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Og hun svarede,
02:39
"Because I'm proud to defend my country."
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"Fordi jeg er stolt af at forsvare mit land."
02:41
But I pressed to know --
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Men jeg pressede på, for at høre --
02:42
"Really, when you're on base,
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"Virkelig, når du er på din base,
02:44
and you hear bombs
exploding in the distance,
exploding in the distance,
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og du hører bomber der eksploderer
i det fjerne,
i det fjerne,
02:46
and you see soldiers coming back
who are gravely injured,
who are gravely injured,
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og du ser soldater der kommer tilbage
med alvorlige skader,
med alvorlige skader,
02:50
in that moment,
when you know you could be next,
when you know you could be next,
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i det øjeblik,
hvor du ved at du kan være den næste,
hvor du ved at du kan være den næste,
02:54
what does 'my country' mean?"
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hvad betyder 'mit land' så?"
02:56
She looked at me.
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Hun kiggede på mig.
02:58
"My country is my wife,
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"Mit land er min kone,
03:00
my family,
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min familie,
03:01
my friends, my soldiers."
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mine venner, mine soldater."
03:03
What she was telling me
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Hvad hun fortalte mig
03:04
is that "my country" is a collection
of these strong relationships;
of these strong relationships;
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er at "mit land" er en samling af
stærke relationer;
stærke relationer;
03:08
these social circles.
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disse sociale cirkler.
03:10
When the social circles are weakened,
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Når disse sociale cirkler er svækkede,
03:12
a country itself is weaker.
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er landet selv også svækket.
03:15
We're missing a crucial aspect
in the debate about immigration policy.
in the debate about immigration policy.
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Vi misser et afgørende aspekt
i debatten om immigrationspolitik.
i debatten om immigrationspolitik.
03:18
Rather than focusing on individuals,
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I stedet for at fokuserer på individer,
03:20
we should focus
on the circles around them,
on the circles around them,
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bør vi fokusere på cirklerne omkring dem,
03:23
because these are the people
who are left behind:
who are left behind:
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for det er disse mennesker
der bliver efterladt:
der bliver efterladt:
03:26
the voters, the taxpayers,
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vælgerne, skatteyderne,
03:28
the ones who are suffering that loss.
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er dem som lider dette tab.
03:31
And it's not just the children
of the deported
of the deported
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Og det er ikke kun børnene
af de udviste
af de udviste
03:33
who are impacted.
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som bliver berørte.
03:34
You have brothers and sisters
who are separated by borders.
who are separated by borders.
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Der er brødre og søstre,
som bliver adskildt af grænser.
som bliver adskildt af grænser.
03:37
You have classmates, teachers,
law enforcement officers,
law enforcement officers,
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Der er klassekammerater og lærere,
medlemmer af ordensmagten,
medlemmer af ordensmagten,
03:40
technologists, scientists, doctors,
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tekonologer, videnskabsmænd, doktorere,
03:42
who are all scrambling
to make sense of new realities
to make sense of new realities
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som desparat forsøger
at få disse nye virkeligheder til at give mening
at få disse nye virkeligheder til at give mening
03:46
when their social circles are broken.
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når deres sociale cirkler brydes.
03:49
These are the real lives
behind all these statistics
behind all these statistics
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Der er disse egentlig liv,
bag alle statestikkerne
bag alle statestikkerne
03:53
that dominate discussions
about immigration policy.
about immigration policy.
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der dominere disktionen
om immigrationspolitik.
om immigrationspolitik.
03:56
But we don't often think about them.
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Men vi tænker ikke på dem.
03:58
And I'm trying to change that.
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Og det er noget jeg
forsøger at ændre på.
forsøger at ændre på.
03:59
Here's just one of the real-life stories
that I've collected.
that I've collected.
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Her er bare en historie fra det
virkelig liv, som jeg har samlet.
virkelig liv, som jeg har samlet.
04:04
And it still haunts me.
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Og den nager mig stadig.
04:06
I met Ramon and his son in 2016,
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Jeg mødte Ramon og hans søn i 2016,
04:10
the same year both of them
were being ordered out of the country.
were being ordered out of the country.
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det samme år hvor de begge
blev sendt ud af landet.
blev sendt ud af landet.
04:14
Ramon was being deported to Latin America,
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Ramon blev udvist til Latinamerika,
04:18
while his son, who was a sergeant
in the US military,
in the US military,
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mens hans søn, som var sergent
i det amerikanske militær,
i det amerikanske militær,
04:21
was being deployed.
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blev udsendt.
04:24
Deported ...
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Udvist...
04:26
deployed.
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udsendt.
04:28
If you just look at Ramon's case,
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Hvis man kun kigger på Ramons sag,
04:31
it wouldn't be clear how deeply
connected to the country he is.
connected to the country he is.
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ville det ikke være særlig tydeligt hvis
forbundet til landet han er.
forbundet til landet han er.
04:35
But consider his son:
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Men overvej hans søn:
04:37
a US citizen defending a country
that's banished his father.
that's banished his father.
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en Amerikansk statsborger der forsvarer
et land, som har forvist hans far.
et land, som har forvist hans far.
04:41
The social circle is what's key here.
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Den sociale cirkel er afgørende her.
04:43
Here's another example
that illustrates those critical bonds.
that illustrates those critical bonds.
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Her er et andet eksempel
der illustrere disse kritiske bånd.
der illustrere disse kritiske bånd.
04:47
A group of citizens in Philadelphia
were concerned about their jobs,
were concerned about their jobs,
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En gruppe borgere i Philadelphia
var bekymrede for deres jobs,
var bekymrede for deres jobs,
04:50
because the legal owner
of the restaurant where they worked
of the restaurant where they worked
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fordi ejeren af restauranten
hvor de arbejde
hvor de arbejde
04:53
was an undocumented immigrant,
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var en udokumenteret immigrant,
04:55
and immigration officials
had picked him up.
had picked him up.
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og de offentlige myndigheder
havde taget ham ind.
havde taget ham ind.
04:58
They rallied behind him.
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De gik sammen for hans sag.
04:59
An immigration lawyer argued
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En immigrations advokat
argumenterede for
argumenterede for
05:01
he was too important
to the local community
to the local community
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at han var for vigtig i lokalsamfundet
05:03
to be deported.
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til at blive udvist.
05:04
At the hearing, they even submitted
restaurant reviews --
restaurant reviews --
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Ved høringen, indsendte de
anmeldelser af restauranten --
anmeldelser af restauranten --
05:08
restaurant reviews!
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restaurantanmeldelser!
05:10
In the end, a judge exercised
what's called "judicial discretion"
what's called "judicial discretion"
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Til slut anvendte en dommer
et såkaldt "retsligt skøn"
et såkaldt "retsligt skøn"
05:15
and allowed him to stay in the country,
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og tillod ham at blive i landet,
05:17
but only because they considered
the social circle.
the social circle.
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men kun fordi de havde den sociale cirkel
med i overvejelserne.
med i overvejelserne.
05:21
There are 23 million
noncitizens in the USA,
noncitizens in the USA,
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Der er 23 millioner ikke-statsborgere
i USA,
i USA,
05:26
according to verifiable federal data.
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ifølge verificerbare data fra
føderalregeringen.
føderalregeringen.
05:28
And that doesn't include the undocumented,
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Og dette inkluderer ikke udokumenterede,
05:30
because numbers for that population
are at best complex estimates.
are at best complex estimates.
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fordi tal for den del af befolkningen,
bedst kan blive komplekse skøn.
bedst kan blive komplekse skøn.
05:34
Let's just work with what we have.
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Lad os se hvad vi har.
05:36
That's 23 million social circles --
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Det er 23 millioner sociale cirkler --
05:39
about 100 million individuals
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omkring 100 millioner individer
05:42
whose lives could be impacted
by deportation.
by deportation.
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hvis liv kunne blive påvirket
af udvisning.
af udvisning.
05:45
And the stress of it all is trickling down
through the population.
through the population.
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Og stressen fra dette, strømmer igennem
hele befolkningen.
hele befolkningen.
05:49
A 2017 poll by UCLA of LA County residents
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I en rundspørge af UCLA af befolkningen i
regionen LA (Los Angelses)
regionen LA (Los Angelses)
05:52
found that 30 percent
of citizens in LA County
of citizens in LA County
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fandt man at 30 procent
af borgerne i regionen LA
af borgerne i regionen LA
05:56
are stressed about deportation,
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er stressede af udvisning,
05:59
not because they themselves
could be removed,
could be removed,
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ikke fordi de selv
kan blive udvist,
kan blive udvist,
06:02
but rather, because members
of their social circle were at risk.
of their social circle were at risk.
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men fordi folke i deres sociale cirkler
er i risiko for det.
er i risiko for det.
06:07
I am not suggesting that no one
should ever be deported;
should ever be deported;
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Jeg foreslår ikke at man stopper udvisning;
06:10
don't confuse me with that.
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det må I ikke tro.
06:12
But what I am saying is that we need
to look at the bigger picture.
to look at the bigger picture.
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Men hvad jeg siger er at vi
bliver nødt til at se det større perspektiv.
bliver nødt til at se det større perspektiv.
06:17
If you are within the sound of my voice,
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Hvis du er inden for rækkevidde
af min stemme,
af min stemme,
06:20
I want you to close your eyes for a moment
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vil jeg bede dig om at lukke øjnene
et øjeblik
et øjeblik
06:22
and examine your own social circle.
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og gennemgå din egen sociale cirkel.
06:25
Who are your foreign-born?
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Hvem er dine udenlands-fødte?
06:28
What would it feel like
if the circle were broken?
if the circle were broken?
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Hvordan ville det føles hvis cirklen
blev brudt?
blev brudt?
06:32
Share your story.
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Del din historie.
06:34
I'm building a global archive
of first-person accounts
of first-person accounts
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Jeg bygger et globalt arkiv
af førstehånds historier
af førstehånds historier
06:37
and linking them with mapping technology,
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og sammenlægger dem med
kortlægningsteknologi,
kortlægningsteknologi,
06:39
so that we can see exactly
where these circles break,
where these circles break,
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så vi kan se præcis hvor det er
disse cirkler brydes,
disse cirkler brydes,
06:43
because this is not
just an American issue.
just an American issue.
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for det er ikke kun et problem i USA.
06:46
There are a quarter-billion migrants
around the world;
around the world;
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Der er en kvart milliard migranter
i verden;
i verden;
06:50
people living, loving and learning
in countries where they were not born.
in countries where they were not born.
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folk der bor, elsker og lærer
i lande hvor de ikke er født.
i lande hvor de ikke er født.
06:54
And in my career, in my life,
I've been one of them:
I've been one of them:
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Og i min karriere, i mit liv,
har jeg været en af dem:
har jeg været en af dem:
06:56
in China, in Africa, in Europe.
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i Kina, i Afrika, i Europa.
06:59
And each time I become
one of these foreigners --
one of these foreigners --
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Og hver gang jeg bliver til
en af disse udelændinge --
en af disse udelændinge --
07:02
one of these strange-looking
guys in a new land --
guys in a new land --
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en af disse underligt-udseende
folk i et nyt land --
folk i et nyt land --
07:06
I can't help but think back to that day
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1969
kan jeg ikke lade være med at
tænke tilbage på den dag
tænke tilbage på den dag
07:08
when I was in Lower Manhattan with my mom
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hvor jeg var i nedre Manhattan med min mor
07:10
all those decades ago,
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alle de årtier siden,
07:12
when I was scared,
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da jeg var bange,
07:14
and I had just spotted that green lady.
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og jeg lige havde set den grønne dame.
07:17
And I guess the question
that I keep on thinking about
that I keep on thinking about
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Og det spørgsmål som jeg bliver ved
med at tænke på
med at tænke på
07:21
when I see her
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når jeg ser hende
07:23
and all the younger replicas of her
that are so obviously brown,
that are so obviously brown,
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og alle de yngre kopier af hende
der er så tydeligt brune,
der er så tydeligt brune,
07:27
and even the paintings
that showcase her in the beginning
that showcase her in the beginning
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og endda de malerier der
i begyndelsen viser hende
i begyndelsen viser hende
07:30
as not quite green --
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2106
som ikke temmelig grøn --
07:33
when I look at all of that,
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når jeg ser på alt det,
07:36
the question that my research
seeks to answer
seeks to answer
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det spørgsmål som min forskning
forsøger at besvare,
forsøger at besvare,
07:39
becomes, to me, the same one
that confounded me all those years ago:
that confounded me all those years ago:
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bliver, for mig, det samme som forvirrede mig,
for alle de år siden:
for alle de år siden:
07:44
Is she a monster
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Er hun et monster
07:47
or a hero?
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eller en helt?
07:49
Thank you.
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Tak skal I have.
07:50
(Applause)
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(Bifald)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Duarte Geraldino - JournalistDuarte Geraldino is working on a multi-year project that chronicles the lives of citizens who lose people to deportation.
Why you should listen
Duarte Geraldino is an American journalist who travels the country documenting how culture is being changed and challenged by shifting demographics, business and technology. He leads a team of skilled journalists who produce multimedia reports and short films that have been distributed around the world through national and global news networks. He is currently working on a multi-year project that chronicles the lives of citizens who lose people to deportation called Hear Our Stories Now.
He is currently a special correspondent for PBS NewsHour. At the NewsHour, he reports and writes long-form television stories about business trends like the housing crisis that is gripping many American cities and developments in labor laws that some see as choking middle and low-income workers.
In 2017, one of Geraldino's short documentaries, Ordered Out, was screened in New York's Times Square as part of the Dominican Film Festival New York. It explores the impact of American identity and immigration and tells the story of a family being torn apart by US laws. In the same year, he was selected as a TED Resident. During his residency at TED's global headquarters, he started developing a digital journalism project to document the lives of US citizens who have lost people to deportation.
Previously, Geraldino worked as a National Correspondent for Al Jazeera America and as a local news reporter in New York, Ohio, Texas and Maryland.
Duarte Geraldino | Speaker | TED.com