Nancy Rabalais: The "dead zone" of the Gulf of Mexico
Nancy Rabalais: La "zona muerta" del Golfo de México
Nancy Rabalais has studied coastal marine ecosystems for more than 40 years now and loves to share that knowledge. Full bio
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bienvenidos a Nueva Orleans.
of one of the largest rivers in the world:
de uno de los ríos más grandes del mundo:
y el "Gran Fangoso".
as the state of Minnesota,
el estado de Minnesota,
into the Gulf of Mexico.
sedimentos en el golfo de México.
to what is in that water.
molecules, nitrogen and phosphorus.
moléculas disueltas de fósforo y nitrógeno
of areas called dead zones.
llamadas "zonas muertas".
una palabra bastante siniestra,
en los sedimentos.
suficiente oxígeno
called phytoplankton.
microscópicas llamadas fitoplancton.
eat the phytoplankton,
zooplancton, se comen el fitoplancton.
large fish eat the small fish
los grandes se comen los peces pequeños
la cadena alimentaria.
nitrogen and phosphorus right now,
hay demasiado nitrógeno y fósforo,
falling to the bottom
que se hunde hasta el lecho
that use up the oxygen.
de bacterias que consumen oxígeno.
from the surface of the water,
desde la superficie del agua,
and drags for 20 minutes
la arrastra durante 20 minutos
if this area is 8,000 square miles big?
tiene más de 20 000 km cuadrados?
al estado de Nueva Jersey.
a decision to go further,
to high-tech equipment
a equipos de alta tecnología
of the research vessel,
del buque de investigación,
and many more things.
all the way to Texas,
every now and then and test their waters.
en Texas para analizar sus aguas.
of everything that's less than two,
de todo lo que sea inferior a 2,
for when the fish start to leave the area.
comienzan a abandonar el área.
that we have to deploy offshore
de oxígeno en alta mar
of low oxygen or high oxygen.
sobre los niveles de oxígeno.
there's a lot of fish.
se ven muchos peces.
the barracuda that I saw one day.
la barracuda que vi un día.
and I went this way with my camera.
y yo fui por este otro con mi cámara.
you start to see fewer fish.
se empiezan a ver menos peces.
there's no life swimming around.
no hay seres vivos por allí.
está en la zona muerta.
between the middle of the United States
entre el centro de EE. UU.
está formada por tierras agrícolas,
de rotación de maíz y soja.
and the phosphorus goes on the land
de los fertilizantes van al suelo,
nitrogen in the water
más nitrógeno en las aguas del Misisipi
and more sinking sails and lower oxygen.
it's been caused by human activities.
natural del golfo,
and prairie potholes
this type of agriculture
se pueden mejorar
maybe precision fertilizing.
mediante la fertilización de precisión,
una agricultura sostenible,
which has much longer roots
que tiene raíces mucho más largas
and keep the soil from running off.
y evitar que el suelo se erosione.
our neighbors to the north,
a nuestros vecinos del norte,
with water quality in the Gulf of Mexico?
la calidad del agua en el golfo de México?
to their own backyard.
a su propio patio trasero.
in Wisconsin in the summer
a Wisconsin en el verano
and smells like it,
derramada y huele a eso,
tóxicas, de un color verde azulado,
couple of summers ago
la superficie del lago Eire se cubrió
of this blue-green algae
cubriendo cientos de kilómetros;
couldn't use it for their drinking water
no pudo abastecerse de agua
are having trouble with drinking water.
tienen problemas con el agua potable.
I publish my results,
publico mis resultados,
I get citations of my work.
to do the research,
federales para investigar,
y miembros del congreso,
hopefully to make better decisions
para tomar mejores decisiones
is I brought in the media.
fue convocando a los medios.
from the "Washington Post"
two inches above the fold.
un domingo por la mañana.
the Gulf of Mexico looks like?"
que es el golfo de México?"
there's the proof."
Senator Olympia Snowe from Maine
de Maine, Olympia Snowe,
algal blooms in the Gulf of Maine.
de algas nocivas en el golfo de Maine.
--fue una acción bipartidista--
congressional testimony,
is chase crabs around south Texas,
perseguir cangrejos por el sur de Texas,
de ley se aprobó,
de la Proliferación de Algas Nocivas
and Control Act of 1998.
"proyecto de ley Snowe-Breaux".
the Snowe-Breaux Bill.
that we had a conference in 2001
the National Academy of Sciences
Nacional de Ciencias
nitrogen and poor water quality.
el nitrógeno y la mala calidad del agua.
was the former governor
fue la exgobernadora
when she peered at the audience,
cuando miraba a la audiencia,
"Surely she's looking at me."
of this thing being called New Jersey.
se lo compare con Nueva Jersey.
I just don't want to hear it anymore."
simplemente no quiero oírlo más".
activar el plan de acción
George H. W. Bush
no alimenta al mundo.
que usamos en la gasolina,
dependencia del nitrógeno.
el impacto ecológico
your nitrogen footprint.
consumo de nitrógeno.
comiendo poca carne
every now and then --
nonethanol gas in
funcionar a gasolina sin etanol
rendimiento de combustible.
that can make a difference.
marcar la diferencia.
especially in the Midwest --
a las de la región del Midwest,
and how you can make a difference.
y cómo pueden marcar la diferencia.
of agriculture in the US
de agricultura en EE. UU.
and social will for that to happen.
y social para que eso suceda.
we can translate the science,
la ciencia en un puente hacia la acción
a difference in our environment.
en nuestro medioambiente.
these dead zones in the Gulf of Mexico.
muertas en el golfo de México.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Nancy Rabalais - Marine scientist, educatorNancy Rabalais has studied coastal marine ecosystems for more than 40 years now and loves to share that knowledge.
Why you should listen
Nancy Rabalais has worked in Louisiana ever since she got her PhD in 1983, studying aspects of marine ecology relevant to environmental health. As she writes: "I work on areas called 'dead zones' that are coastal waters lacking in oxygen in which animals such as fish, shrimp and crabs cannot live. I am also, since 2011, studying the long-term effects of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on coastal waters and Louisiana wetlands.
"I fell in love with biology in the 8th grade and then marine biology in college. My education was not quite the typical 'academic' training. I worked my way through college, beginning at a two-year college, a regional university for my BS and MS, then worked at the University of Texas Marine Science Institute in Port Aransas, Texas, for three years. My desire for further education sent me back to work on my PhD at The University of Texas at Austin. My first job as a PhD was at the Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium, starting in 1983. I am now a professor and Shell Endowed Chair of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences at Louisiana State University."
Nancy Rabalais | Speaker | TED.com