Nancy Rabalais: The "dead zone" of the Gulf of Mexico
낸시 라블레(Nancy Rabelais): 멕시코 만의 "데드 존(Dead zone)"
Nancy Rabalais has studied coastal marine ecosystems for more than 40 years now and loves to share that knowledge. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
오신 것을 환영합니다.
of one of the largest rivers in the world:
세계에서 가장 큰 강 중 하나가 있어요.
as the state of Minnesota,
이어져 있습니다.
100 마일 떨어진 곳에서
into the Gulf of Mexico.
멕시코 만으로 쏟아져 들어갑니다.
지리 입문 과정이고요.
to what is in that water.
무엇이 있는지 알아보죠.
molecules, nitrogen and phosphorus.
질소와 인 성분이 녹아있습니다.
of areas called dead zones.
영역을 형성합니다.
불길한 느낌의 단어일 겁니다.
called phytoplankton.
미세 식물들의 성장을 촉진시킵니다.
eat the phytoplankton,
이 식물성 플랑크톤을 먹고
large fish eat the small fish
큰 물고기들이 작은 물고기들을 잡아먹고
nitrogen and phosphorus right now,
너무 많다는 것입니다.
falling to the bottom
식물성 플랑크톤이 가라앉고
that use up the oxygen.
산소를 소비하게 됩니다.
from the surface of the water,
and drags for 20 minutes
if this area is 8,000 square miles big?
된다면 어디로 가야 할까요?
a decision to go further,
to high-tech equipment
of the research vessel,
and many more things.
여러 수치를 측정할 수 있죠.
all the way to Texas,
every now and then and test their waters.
강물을 분석해보기도 합니다.
of everything that's less than two,
지도화해서 그릴 수 있죠.
for when the fish start to leave the area.
떠나기 시작하는 마법의 숫자입니다.
들어가기도 합니다.
that we have to deploy offshore
of low oxygen or high oxygen.
지속적으로 알 수 있습니다.
there's a lot of fish.
많은 물고기들이 있습니다.
the barracuda that I saw one day.
바라쿠다 친구도 여기 있네요.
and I went this way with my camera.
남들과 반대 방향으로 갔어요.
you start to see fewer fish.
물고기들이 줄어들기 시작합니다.
there's no life swimming around.
오고가는 생명체도 전혀 없습니다.
between the middle of the United States
멕시코 만 사이에는
이루어지고 있죠.
and the phosphorus goes on the land
nitrogen in the water
and more sinking sails and lower oxygen.
산소 수치가 낮아진다는 것입니다.
it's been caused by human activities.
인간 활동으로 인해 야기된 문제입니다.
and prairie potholes
this type of agriculture
maybe precision fertilizing.
뿌리에만 비료를 주는 방법이 있겠죠.
적용할 수도 있습니다.
which has much longer roots
뿌리보다 길기 때문에
and keep the soil from running off.
흙이 흩어지지 않습니다.
our neighbors to the north,
주민들을 어떻게 설득해야 할까요?
with water quality in the Gulf of Mexico?
수질에 문제를 일으키고 있다고 말이죠.
to their own backyard.
상황부터 보여줘야 합니다.
in Wisconsin in the summer
워터링홀 유원지를 가보면
and smells like it,
냄새를 풍기는 이런 것이
couple of summers ago
of this blue-green algae
couldn't use it for their drinking water
사용할 수 없었습니다.
are having trouble with drinking water.
겪고 있다는 것을 알 수 있죠.
I publish my results,
결과를 논문으로 발표합니다.
I get citations of my work.
저의 연구 내용을 인용하기도 하죠.
한가지 신념이 있습니다.
to do the research,
hopefully to make better decisions
만드는 것입니다.
is I brought in the media.
미디어를 활용하는 것이었습니다.
from the "Washington Post"
two inches above the fold.
일면 상단에 실었습니다.
상원 의원인 존 브로우는
the Gulf of Mexico looks like?"
모습이라고?" 라고 말했습니다.
there's the proof."
"글쎄요, 보시는 그대로에요."
Senator Olympia Snowe from Maine
올림피아 스노우는
algal blooms in the Gulf of Maine.
골머리를 앓고 있었습니다.
서로 당이 다른데도요.
congressional testimony,
하도록 초대했습니다.
is chase crabs around south Texas,
저는 의회 증언 같은 건 몰라요."
and Control Act of 1998.
the Snowe-Breaux Bill.
부르기로 했죠.
that we had a conference in 2001
the National Academy of Sciences
nitrogen and poor water quality.
문제를 다뤘습니다.
was the former governor
when she peered at the audience,
"Surely she's looking at me."
of this thing being called New Jersey.
불리는 것도 피곤합니다.
I just don't want to hear it anymore."
더 이상 듣고 싶지 않아요."
먹여살리는 것은 아닙니다.
결단이 필요합니다.
your nitrogen footprint.
줄일 수 있습니다.
고기를 적게 먹습니다.
every now and then --
nonethanol gas in
넣을 수 있는 자동차를 타며
that can make a difference.
변화를 일으킬 수 있습니다.
especially in the Midwest --
사람들에게 따지고 싶습니다.
and how you can make a difference.
어떻게 바꿀 것인지 생각해 보세요.
of agriculture in the US
and social will for that to happen.
사회적 결의가 필요합니다.
we can translate the science,
이를 정책에 반영하면,
a difference in our environment.
강력히 믿습니다.
these dead zones in the Gulf of Mexico.
결국 사라질 것입니다.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Nancy Rabalais - Marine scientist, educatorNancy Rabalais has studied coastal marine ecosystems for more than 40 years now and loves to share that knowledge.
Why you should listen
Nancy Rabalais has worked in Louisiana ever since she got her PhD in 1983, studying aspects of marine ecology relevant to environmental health. As she writes: "I work on areas called 'dead zones' that are coastal waters lacking in oxygen in which animals such as fish, shrimp and crabs cannot live. I am also, since 2011, studying the long-term effects of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on coastal waters and Louisiana wetlands.
"I fell in love with biology in the 8th grade and then marine biology in college. My education was not quite the typical 'academic' training. I worked my way through college, beginning at a two-year college, a regional university for my BS and MS, then worked at the University of Texas Marine Science Institute in Port Aransas, Texas, for three years. My desire for further education sent me back to work on my PhD at The University of Texas at Austin. My first job as a PhD was at the Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium, starting in 1983. I am now a professor and Shell Endowed Chair of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences at Louisiana State University."
Nancy Rabalais | Speaker | TED.com