Nancy Rabalais: The "dead zone" of the Gulf of Mexico
Nancy Rabalais: „Mŕtva zóna“ Mexického zálivu
Nancy Rabalais has studied coastal marine ecosystems for more than 40 years now and loves to share that knowledge. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
of one of the largest rivers in the world:
od jednej z najväčších riek na svete:
as the state of Minnesota,
riečnych kilometrov,
into the Gulf of Mexico.
do Mexického zálivu.
to what is in that water.
molecules, nitrogen and phosphorus.
rozpustené molekuly, dusík a fosfor.
of areas called dead zones.
malý červík v usadeninách.
nie je dosť kyslíka,
called phytoplankton.
ktoré sa volajú fytoplanktón.
eat the phytoplankton,
zooplanktón, jedia tento fytoplanktón,
large fish eat the small fish
veľké ryby jedia malé ryby
v potravinovom reťazci.
nitrogen and phosphorus right now,
je vo vode nadbytok dusíka a fosforu,
falling to the bottom
that use up the oxygen.
ktoré spotrebúvajú kyslík.
from the surface of the water,
and drags for 20 minutes
a po 20 minútach plavenia
if this area is 8,000 square miles big?
veľkosť 20 000 kilometrov štvorcových?
a decision to go further,
to high-tech equipment
k moderným technologickým zariadeniam,
of the research vessel,
and many more things.
all the way to Texas,
až k Texasu
every now and then and test their waters.
aj vody v Texase.
of everything that's less than two,
kde je hodnota nižšia ako dva,
for when the fish start to leave the area.
odchádzať z týchto miest.
that we have to deploy offshore
musíme rozmiestniť mimo pobrežia,
of low oxygen or high oxygen.
vysokého množstva kyslíka.
there's a lot of fish.
je tam veľa rýb.
the barracuda that I saw one day.
ktorú som v jeden deň videla.
and I went this way with my camera.
a ja som šla opačným s mojím fotoaparátom.
you start to see fewer fish.
vidíte menej rýb.
there's no life swimming around.
Žiadny život, ktorý by plával naokolo.
between the middle of the United States
je z poľnohospodárstva.
and the phosphorus goes on the land
a fosfor sa dostávajú do pôdy,
nitrogen in the water
and more sinking sails and lower oxygen.
ktorý klesá na dno, a menej kyslíka.
it's been caused by human activities.
bol spôsobený ľudskou aktivitou.
and prairie potholes
this type of agriculture
tomuto typu poľnohospodárstva.
maybe precision fertilizing.
možno využívaním precízneho hnojenia.
udržateľného poľnohospodárstva,
which has much longer roots
ktorá má oveľa dlhšie korene
and keep the soil from running off.
a zabránia podpovrchovým odtokom.
our neighbors to the north,
našich susedov na severe,
with water quality in the Gulf of Mexico?
s kvalitou vody v Mexickom zálive?
to their own backyard.
in Wisconsin in the summer
na svoje obľúbené miesto vo Winconsine,
and smells like it,
a tiež to tak aj vonia,
couple of summers ago
v Erijskom jazere vyskytli
of this blue-green algae
couldn't use it for their drinking water
nemohlo niekoľko dní v kuse
are having trouble with drinking water.
má problém s pitnou vodou.
I publish my results,
publikujem svoje výsledky,
I get citations of my work.
a ja dostanem uznanie za svoju prácu.
to do the research,
najmä federálne financie,
hopefully to make better decisions
aby spravili lepšie rozhodnutia
is I brought in the media.
že som to predložila médiám.
from the "Washington Post"
two inches above the fold.
na vrchnú časť prednej strany.
the Gulf of Mexico looks like?"
že Mexický záliv vyzerá takto?“
there's the proof."
„No, viete, toto je dôkaz.“
Senator Olympia Snowe from Maine
Olympia Snowe zo štátu Maine
algal blooms in the Gulf of Maine.
so škodlivými riasami v zálive Maine.
dvoch politických strán.
congressional testimony,
správu v Kongrese,
is chase crabs around south Texas,
naháňala krabov pri Texase,
and Control Act of 1998.
a ich kontrole z roku 1998.
the Snowe-Breaux Bill.
Zákon Snoweovej a Breauxa.
that we had a conference in 2001
the National Academy of Sciences
nitrogen and poor water quality.
dusíkom a nízkou kvalitou vody.
was the former governor
when she peered at the audience,
keď sa pozrela na divákov
"Surely she's looking at me."
„Isto sa pozerá na mňa.“
of this thing being called New Jersey.
že to stále voláte New Jersey.
I just don't want to hear it anymore."
ja už to nechcem počúvať.“
na využívaní dusíka.
your nitrogen footprint.
svoju dusíkovú stopu.
every now and then --
nonethanol gas in
natankovať benzín bez etanolu
that can make a difference.
especially in the Midwest --
obzvlášť ľudí zo Stedozápadu Ameriky –
and how you can make a difference.
a ako môžete pomôcť.
of agriculture in the US
poľnohospodárstva v Spojených štátoch
and social will for that to happen.
politická a spoločenská vôľa.
we can translate the science,
a difference in our environment.
urobiť zmenu v našom životnom prostredí.
môžeme navzájom spolupracovať,
these dead zones in the Gulf of Mexico.
mŕtve zóny v Mexickom zálive.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Nancy Rabalais - Marine scientist, educatorNancy Rabalais has studied coastal marine ecosystems for more than 40 years now and loves to share that knowledge.
Why you should listen
Nancy Rabalais has worked in Louisiana ever since she got her PhD in 1983, studying aspects of marine ecology relevant to environmental health. As she writes: "I work on areas called 'dead zones' that are coastal waters lacking in oxygen in which animals such as fish, shrimp and crabs cannot live. I am also, since 2011, studying the long-term effects of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on coastal waters and Louisiana wetlands.
"I fell in love with biology in the 8th grade and then marine biology in college. My education was not quite the typical 'academic' training. I worked my way through college, beginning at a two-year college, a regional university for my BS and MS, then worked at the University of Texas Marine Science Institute in Port Aransas, Texas, for three years. My desire for further education sent me back to work on my PhD at The University of Texas at Austin. My first job as a PhD was at the Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium, starting in 1983. I am now a professor and Shell Endowed Chair of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences at Louisiana State University."
Nancy Rabalais | Speaker | TED.com