Jaron Lanier: How we need to remake the internet
Jaron Lanier: Cómo necesitamos rehacer internet
Jaron Lanier is a scientist, musician and writer best known for his work in virtual reality and his advocacy of humanism and sustainable economics in a digital context. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
I gave my first talk at TED,
very first public demonstrations
primeras demostraciones públicas
en este escenario.
that we were facing a knife-edge future
que era un arma de doble filo
of our technology
en nuestra tecnología
final nos destruiríamos a nosotros mismos.
we'd eventually destroy ourselves.
and nothing else.
y nada más.
that recognition of the possible darkness
esa posible oscuridad
a way to transcend it
with a rather horrifying line, which is,
con una línea bastante espeluznante:
a culture around technology
from committing mass suicide."
suicidio en masa".
as being one and the same
que la necesidad de crear
infinitely creative future.
infinitamente creativo.
that that alternative of creativity
que la alternativa de la creatividad
discovered language.
descubrió el lenguaje.
new depth, new meaning,
nueva profundidad, nuevos significados,
new ways to coordinate,
new ways to raise children,
nuevas formas de educar a los niños,
we'd have this new thing
habíamos conseguido algo nuevo
intentional dreaming.
de sueño intencional.
making the thing you experienced
las cosas que experimentan
making symbols to refer to things.
para referirse a esas cosas.
and it's one I still believe in,
y todavía creo en ella,
of how it could also turn out.
que podría surgir.
computer scientists,
científicos informáticos
from before I was even born,
antes incluso de que yo naciera,
"El uso humano de los humanos".
he described the potential
that would be gathering data from people
que iría recopilando datos de la gente
to those people in real time
a esas personas en tiempo real
statistically, in a Skinner box,
estadísticamente, en una caja de Skinner,
where he says,
as a thought experiment --
como un experimento mental,
this isn't a quote --
un sistema informático global
on them all the time,
todo el tiempo,
valoraciones basadas en lo que hicieron,
feedback based on what they did,
of behavior modification.
de modificación de conducta.
could not face its problems.
no podría enfrentar sus problemas.
only a thought experiment,
solo un experimento mental,
is technologically infeasible.
it's what we have created,
esto es lo que hemos creado,
if we are to survive.
si queremos sobrevivir.
a very particular mistake,
muy particular,
la cultura digital hasta nuestros días,
lefty, socialist mission about it,
misión socialista izquierdista,
that have been done,
que se han hecho,
must be purely public,
debe ser puramente público,
cannot afford it,
no pueda permitírselo,
this terrible inequity.
de lidiar con eso.
to deal with that.
you can have public libraries.
pueden tener bibliotecas públicas.
esta es una excepción.
this is an exception.
that's what we want.
eso es lo que queremos.
like the Wikipedia, for instance,
como la Wikipedia, por ejemplo,
that was completely incompatible,
que era completamente incompatible,
nuestros empresarios tecnológicos.
we loved this Nietzschean myth
amábamos este mito nietzscheano
still has a hold on us, as well.
todavía nos domina, también.
estas dos pasiones diferentes,
power of the tech entrepreneur.
del emprendedor tecnológico.
when everything's free?
cuando todo es gratis?
one solution back then,
una solución en ese momento,
was born free, with ads,
con anuncios,
your local dentist or something.
su dentista local o algo así.
more and more efficient and cheaper.
cada vez más eficientes y más baratos.
donde la gente los estudian,
where people study them,
who use these systems
que usan estos sistemas
and got cleverer and cleverer.
y cada vez más inteligentes.
advertising anymore.
llamar más publicidad.
en modificación de la conducta,
had worried it might.
le preocupaba que podría ocurrir.
social networks anymore.
redes sociales.
imperios de modificación de conducta.
I think it's one of these empires.
aunque creo que es uno de estos imperios.
of bad people who've done a bad thing.
de malas personas que han hecho algo malo.
of a globally tragic,
globalmente trágico,
just another layer of detail
solo otra capa de detalles
mistake functions.
whether it's a rat or a dog or a person,
ya sea una rata, un perro o una persona,
little punishments
y a veces pequeños castigos
it might be candy and electric shocks.
podrían ser dulces y descargas eléctricas.
it's symbolic punishment and reward.
son castigos y recompensas simbólicas.
just with the bell, just with the symbol.
solo con la campana, solo con el símbolo.
function as the punishment and reward.
funcionan como castigos y recompensas.
the feeling of these things.
lo que provocan estas cosas.
gustaron y las están repitiendo".
and it's being repeated."
hay alguien más popular, oh Dios mío".
"Oh my God, they don't like me,
is more popular, oh my God."
sentimientos muy comunes,
very common feelings,
that you get caught in this loop.
que les atrapan en este ciclo.
by many of the founders of the system,
por muchos de los fundadores del sistema,
lo que estaba pasando.
of the methods of behaviorism,
de los métodos del conductismo,
of positive and negative stimuli.
de los estímulos positivos y negativos.
hay un nuevo tipo de diferencia
un poco evadido por el mundo académico,
the academic world for a while,
is that whether positive stimuli
es que si bien los estímulos positivos
in different circumstances,
son más efectivos que los negativos,
es que es mucho más fácil
que construir confianza.
behavior modification empires
imperios de modificación de conducta
comerciantes de alta frecuencia.
high-frequency traders.
from their spends
de sus gastos
if they're not spending,
si no están gastando,
and then they do more of that.
y luego hacen más de eso.
esa respuesta rápida,
more to the negative emotions,
más a las emociones negativas,
that rise faster, right?
que suben más rápidas, ¿verdad?
even well-intentioned players
incluso los jugadores bien intencionados
es anunciar pasta de dientes
is advertising toothpaste
of the negative people,
de las personas negativas,
amplified by the system.
con el sistema.
to make the world suddenly nice
sea agradable y mejore la democracia
to ruin those things.
para arruinar esas cosas
we've gotten ourselves into.
en el que nos hemos metido.
with great difficulty,
retroceder el reloj, con gran dificultad,
those who could afford to,
esas que podrían pagarlo,
you'd pay for social networking.
pagarían por las redes sociales.
Maybe with a subscription fee,
Tal vez con una tarifa de suscripción,
and you're thinking,
y están pensando,
for these things.
por estas cosas.
of something that just happened.
algo que acaba de ocurrir.
were formulating their free idea,
estaban formulando su idea libre,
also believed that in the future,
también creía que en el futuro,
would be created in the same way,
se crearían de la misma manera,
like Netflix, Amazon, HBO,
como Netflix, Amazon, HBO, dijeron:
We'll give you give you great TV."
Le daremos una buena TV".
called "peak TV," right?
llamado "el pico televisivo", ¿verdad?
things get better.
estas mejoran.
of "peak social media."
de "el pico de los medios sociales".
you can get really useful,
médicos acreditados realmente útiles
instead of cranks.
obtener información objetiva,
to get factual information,
paranoicas y raras.
paranoid conspiracy theories.
esta otra maravillosa posibilidad.
other possibility.
los Googles y los Facebook,
the Googles and the Facebooks,
to punish Silicon Valley.
castigar a Silicon Valley.
en realidad son solo dos
on behavior modification and spying
de la conducta y el espionaje
are fantastic.
si miran a Google,
infinitamente con todas estas empresas,
endlessly with all of these companies,
centros de beneficios.
because they're hooked.
porque están enganchados.
al igual que sus propios usuarios.
just like their own users.
una gran corporación de esa manera.
a big corporation that way.
en beneficio de los accionistas
in the benefit of the shareholders
Solo tomará algo de tiempo averiguarlo.
to figure it out.
pueda sobrevivir si no solucionamos esto.
can survive unless we fix this.
desean comunicarse,
wish to communicate,
is if it's financed by a third person
siendo financiada por una tercera persona
si las compañías no cambiasen,
if the companies won't change,
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jaron Lanier - Scientist, musician, visual artist, authorJaron Lanier is a scientist, musician and writer best known for his work in virtual reality and his advocacy of humanism and sustainable economics in a digital context.
Why you should listen
Jaron Lanier is interested in the idea that virtual reality might help us notice the magic of ordinary reality and the idea that paying people for the data that is now taken from them might be the best path to a sustainable, dignified future economy.
Lanier's 1980s start-up created the first commercial VR products and introduced avatars, multi-person virtual world experiences and prototypes of major VR applications such as surgical simulation. Lanier coined or popularized the terms "virtual reality" and "mixed reality." He recently released a new book, Dawn of the New Everything: Encounters with Reality and Virtual Reality. Both of his previous books, Who Owns the Future? and You Are Not a Gadget are international bestsellers. His most recent book (May 29, 2018) is entitled Ten Arguments for Deleting Your Social Media Accounts Right Now.
Lanier was a mainstay of the earliest TED conferences; he still thinks of TED as a charming little gathering.
Jaron Lanier | Speaker | TED.com