Jaron Lanier: How we need to remake the internet
ג'ארון לאניאר: איך אנחנו חייבים לברוא את האינטרנט מחדש
Jaron Lanier is a scientist, musician and writer best known for his work in virtual reality and his advocacy of humanism and sustainable economics in a digital context. Full bio
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I gave my first talk at TED,
העברתי את הרצאת TED הראשונה שלי,
very first public demonstrations
ממש ראשונות
that we were facing a knife-edge future
שיהיה כמו להב סכין,
of our technology
we'd eventually destroy ourselves.
בסוף נחריב את עצמנו.
and nothing else.
that recognition of the possible darkness
ההכרה באפילה האפשרית
a way to transcend it
with a rather horrifying line, which is,
שלי עם שורה קצת מפחידה:
a culture around technology
from committing mass suicide."
as being one and the same
infinitely creative future.
that that alternative of creativity
discovered language.
new depth, new meaning,
ומשמעות חדשים,
new ways to coordinate,
new ways to raise children,
we'd have this new thing
יהיה לנו את הדבר החדש הזה
intentional dreaming.
making the thing you experienced
ליצור את הדבר שחווית
making symbols to refer to things.
שמסמלים דברים.
and it's one I still believe in,
בו אני עדיין מאמין,
of how it could also turn out.
computer scientists,
from before I was even born,
לפני שנולדתי,
he described the potential
that would be gathering data from people
to those people in real time
statistically, in a Skinner box,
סטטיסטית, בסוג של "ארגז סקינר,"
where he says,
as a thought experiment --
this isn't a quote --
on them all the time,
feedback based on what they did,
ההתנהגות שלהם,
of behavior modification.
could not face its problems.
לא תוכל להתמודד בבעיות שלה.
only a thought experiment,
is technologically infeasible.
it's what we have created,
if we are to survive.
a very particular mistake,
lefty, socialist mission about it,
שמאלנית-סוציאליסטית,
that have been done,
must be purely public,
חייב להיות לגמרי חופשי לציבור,
cannot afford it,
יהיה מנוע מלקנות אותו,
this terrible inequity.
בלתי סביל.
to deal with that.
להתמודד עם זה.
you can have public libraries.
יש ספריות ציבוריות.
this is an exception.
זה יוצא מהכלל.
that's what we want.
זה מה שאנחנו רוצים.
like the Wikipedia, for instance,
כמו ויקיפדיה, לדוגמא,
that was completely incompatible,
ביחד עם הרוח הזו:
we loved this Nietzschean myth
אהבנו את המיתוס הניצ'יאני
להשפיע על היקום.
still has a hold on us, as well.
עדיין שולט בנו, גם.
power of the tech entrepreneur.
של היזמים הטכנולוגים.
when everything's free?
הכל בחינם?
one solution back then,
was born free, with ads,
עם פרסומות,
עם פרסומות.
סוג של פרסומות.
your local dentist or something.
רופא השיניים המקומי.
חוק מור
more and more efficient and cheaper.
יעילים וזולים.
יותר טובים.
where people study them,
בהן אנשים חוקרים אותם,
who use these systems
שמשתמשים במערכות האלה
and got cleverer and cleverer.
ויותר ויותר מתוחכמים.
advertising anymore.
פרסום באמת.
had worried it might.
שהיה יכול לקרות.
social networks anymore.
רשתות חברתיות.
התנהגותית.
I think it's one of these empires.
חושב שהוא בין האימפריות האלה.
of bad people who've done a bad thing.
רשעים שעשו משהו רע.
of a globally tragic,
just another layer of detail
של פירוט
mistake functions.
פועלת.
whether it's a rat or a dog or a person,
כלב, או בן אדם,
little punishments
עונשים קטנים
it might be candy and electric shocks.
זה יכול להיות ממתקים והלם חשמלי.
it's symbolic punishment and reward.
שכר ועונש סמליים.
ההתנהגותיות,
just with the bell, just with the symbol.
רק עם הפעמון, רק עם הסמל.
function as the punishment and reward.
כשכר ועונש.
the feeling of these things.
האלה.
and it's being repeated."
והם משתכפלים."
"Oh my God, they don't like me,
אותי,
is more popular, oh my God."
very common feelings,
that you get caught in this loop.
במעגל הזה.
by many of the founders of the system,
הודו בזה בציבור,
of the methods of behaviorism,
מתודות התנהגותיות,
of positive and negative stimuli.
חיוביים ושליליים.
the academic world for a while,
מעיני העולם האקדמי זמן מה
is that whether positive stimuli
in different circumstances,
בנסיבות מסוימות,
behavior modification empires
השפעה התנהגותית
high-frequency traders.
from their spends
if they're not spending,
and then they do more of that.
more to the negative emotions,
that rise faster, right?
even well-intentioned players
is advertising toothpaste
למכור משחת שיניים
of the negative people,
של האנשים השליליים,
amplified by the system.
מגביר את קולם.
to make the world suddenly nice
לעשות את העולם פתאום נחמד
to ruin those things.
להרוס את הדברים האלה.
we've gotten ourselves into.
with great difficulty,
אחורה, בקושי רב,
those who could afford to,
את האמצעים,
you'd pay for social networking.
עבור רשת חברתית.
Maybe with a subscription fee,
תשלום מנוי,
במשך השימוש.
and you're thinking,
חושבים,
for these things.
עבור דברים אלה.
of something that just happened.
שקרה לאחרונה.
were formulating their free idea,
את הרעיון החינמי שלהם,
also believed that in the future,
האמינו שבעתיד,
would be created in the same way,
like Netflix, Amazon, HBO,
We'll give you give you great TV."
קנו מנוי, וניתן לכם טלויזיה טובה."
called "peak TV," right?
"טלויזיה בשיאה," נכון?
things get better.
הדברים נהיים יותר טובים.
of "peak social media."
you can get really useful,
הייתם מקבלים עצה רפואית
instead of cranks.
to get factual information,
לקבל מידע עובדתי,
paranoid conspiracy theories.
other possibility.
האחרת המדהימה הזו.
אפשרי.
the Googles and the Facebooks,
גוגל ופייסבוק,
to punish Silicon Valley.
להעניש את עמק סיליקון.
מחדש.
on behavior modification and spying
בהשפעה התנהגותית וריגול
are fantastic.
endlessly with all of these companies,
עד אין קץ עם כל שאר החברות האלה,
because they're hooked.
just like their own users.
כמו המשתמשים שלהם.
שנמצאים המשתמשים שלהם.
a big corporation that way.
in the benefit of the shareholders
to figure it out.
can survive unless we fix this.
יוכל לשרוד אם לא נתקן את זה.
wish to communicate,
is if it's financed by a third person
בעזרת איש שלישי
if the companies won't change,
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jaron Lanier - Scientist, musician, visual artist, authorJaron Lanier is a scientist, musician and writer best known for his work in virtual reality and his advocacy of humanism and sustainable economics in a digital context.
Why you should listen
Jaron Lanier is interested in the idea that virtual reality might help us notice the magic of ordinary reality and the idea that paying people for the data that is now taken from them might be the best path to a sustainable, dignified future economy.
Lanier's 1980s start-up created the first commercial VR products and introduced avatars, multi-person virtual world experiences and prototypes of major VR applications such as surgical simulation. Lanier coined or popularized the terms "virtual reality" and "mixed reality." He recently released a new book, Dawn of the New Everything: Encounters with Reality and Virtual Reality. Both of his previous books, Who Owns the Future? and You Are Not a Gadget are international bestsellers. His most recent book (May 29, 2018) is entitled Ten Arguments for Deleting Your Social Media Accounts Right Now.
Lanier was a mainstay of the earliest TED conferences; he still thinks of TED as a charming little gathering.
Jaron Lanier | Speaker | TED.com