Erika Pinheiro: What's really happening at the US-Mexico border -- and how we can do better
Erika Pinheiro: Lo que realmente está sucediendo en la frontera entre EE. UU. y México, y cómo podemos hacerlo mejor
Erika Pinheiro fights to protect migrant rights and reunify families. She leads non-profits whose projects have helped thousands of immigrants on both sides of the US-Mexico border. Full bio
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cerca de Tijuana, México,
to my office in San Diego.
hasta mi oficina en San Diego.
and desperation on one side of the border
desesperación en un lado de la frontera.
feel even starker
este contraste se sienta aún más es
que trabajamos en la frontera
that those of us who work on the border
as the black hole.
como el agujero negro.
la Aduana y Protección Fronteriza,
and Border Protection,
un centro comercial de lujo.
concrete cells below the building.
congeladas, sucias, debajo del edificio.
of the US immigration system.
de inmigración de EE. UU.
in September of 2018,
un día de septiembre de 2018,
from her seven-year-old son.
recientemente de su hijo de siete años.
of Al Otro Lado,
y litigios de 'Al Otro Lado',
on both sides of the US-Mexico border.
sin fines de lucro
en ambos lados de la frontera
at our Tijuana office,
en nuestra oficina de Tijuana,
she and her son would be killed in Mexico.
y su hijo fueran asesinados en México.
of turning herself over to CBP
para el proceso de entregarse a CBP
to the port of entry to ask for help,
al puerto de entrada para pedir ayuda,
in the United States,
had taken Anna's son from her.
le habían quitado el hijo a Anna.
tenía necesidades especiales.
had special needs.
of panic and foreboding
a hallmark of my daily work.
de mi trabajo diario.
to act as Anna's attorney,
para actuar como abogado de Anna,
not let me speak to Anna,
no me dejaron hablar con Anna,
if she was there.
si ella estaba allí.
of Anna's son's special needs,
necesidades especiales del hijo de Anna,
talk to me about the case.
the shoppers strolling idly by
a los compradores pasear sin hacer nada
como una situación de vida o muerte.
of being stonewalled by CBP,
de estar bloqueada por la CBP,
in the foster-care system.
en el sistema de acogida.
at a detention camp a few miles east.
a pocas millas al este.
when asking for asylum.
held her for three more months,
la retuvieron por tres meses más,
the only story I could tell you.
la única historia que podría contarles.
de los brazos de su padre
a miles de km de distancia,
thousands of miles away,
to properly bathe him for months.
adecuadamente durante meses.
in CBP's horrific facilities.
en las horribles instalaciones de CBP.
for medical attention for eight hours
atención médica durante ocho horas.
bajo la custodia de CBP.
for three more weeks
la retuvieron tres semanas más.
in the United States.
day in and day out has changed me.
me ha cambiado.
find myself telling people
me encuentro diciéndole a la gente
a los refugiados en la frontera
tortures refugees at the border
I'm doing in helping people like Anna.
para ayudar a personas como Anna.
how to make them understand
más duro de lo que nunca creyeron posible,
harder than they ever thought possible,
will be the next to suffer Anna's fate.
el próximo en sufrir el destino de Anna.
of refugee families
de familias de refugiados
del sistema de inmigración de EE. UU.
of the US immigration system.
in the fight for immigrant rights.
derechos de los inmigrantes.
is just not getting better.
la situación no está mejorando.
con las separaciones familiares,
to end family separations,
is still separating families.
todavía está separando familias.
have been taken from their parents
900 niños de sus padres.
have been taken from their grandparents,
han sido tomados de sus abuelos,
family members at the border.
de la familia en la frontera.
in immigration custody.
han muerto bajo custodia de inmigración.
and will keep filing lawsuits
presentando demandas
from brutalizing our clients,
brutalice a nuestros clientes,
around the edges of the law
en los límites de la ley
to be treated humanely.
reciban un trato humano.
that we have to separate families
que tenemos que separar familias
from coming to our borders.
lleguen a nuestras fronteras.
at our southern border
en nuestra frontera sur
every day at the border,
de ser detenidos indefinidamente".
the alternative is even worse.
la alternativa es aún peor.
for a lot of different reasons.
por muchas razones diferentes.
from over 50 countries,
con refugiados de más de 50 países,
from all over the world
LGBT de todo el mundo
in which they feel safe.
en un país en el que se sienten seguros.
con mujeres de todo el mundo.
refuse to protect them
se niegan a protegerlas
or repressive social norms.
o normas sociales represivas.
con familias centroamericanas
Central American families
of other refugees
of persecution and torture.
de persecución y tortura.
would qualify as refugees
calificarían como refugiados
después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial.
was created after World War II
fleeing persecution
que huyen de la persecución
nationality, political opinion
nacionalidad, opinión política
in a particular social group.
under the international definition
bajo la definición internacional
in the United States.
sweeping changes to asylum law,
en la ley de asilo,
for protection in the United States.
califiquen para protección en EE. UU..
at Central Americans
principalmente a centroamericanos
of refugees as well.
a otros tipos de refugiados.
frequently deports refugees
frecuentemente deporta a refugiados.
to try to deter refugees
para tratar de disuadir a los refugiados.
to win their cases.
detained in the United States,
55 000 inmigrantes detenidos en EE. UU.
and not criminal detention,
y no criminal,
detenidos no van a tener un abogado
are not going to have an attorney
to win their case
probabilidades de ganar su caso
to be the bearer of bad news,
odio ser portadora de malas noticias,
for refugee families today
para las familias de refugiados hoy
durante la separación familiar.
to wait in Mexico
a esperar en México
muchos de los cuales son familias,
ciudades más peligrosas del mundo,
dangerous cities in the world,
to make it to their asylum hearing,
para llegar a su audiencia de asilo,
are able to find an attorney
puede encontrar un abogado
to the lowest asylum approval rates
las tasas de aprobación de asilo más bajas
no son realmente refugiados,
are not really refugees,
is an obstacle course
de EE. UU. es una carrera de obstáculos
at the border is a refugee.
en la frontera son refugiados.
inmigrantes económicos.
to the United States to work,
quieren ir a trabajar a EE. UU.,
climate refugees.
con refugiados climáticos.
a lot of indigenous Central Americans
muchos centroamericanos indígenas
sustain themselves by farming,
en la región.
because of climate change,
debido al cambio climático,
un sistema legal
to deal with this type of migration.
por ejemplo.
de abogar por esto
to advocate for those changes
demandando al gobierno
las escasas protecciones legales
that refugees enjoy under the current law.
bajo la ley actual.
offshore detention camps
de detención en alta mar de Australia
to migrants drowning in the Mediterranean,
ahogan en el Mediterráneo
have gone to deadly lengths
han llegado a extremos mortales
lleguen a nuestras costas.
than restrict the refugee definition.
la definición de refugiado.
fascist-style legal systems
paralelos de estilo fascista
that form the basis of a democracy,
la base de una democracia,
in which they're seeking refuge.
en los que buscan refugio.
que el primer grupo
of their rights is rarely the last,
sus derechos rara vez es el último,
and unjust legal system for noncitizens,
e injusto para los no ciudadanos,
and affect citizens as well.
y afectan a los ciudadanos también.
me puso en una lista de vigilancia ilegal
on an illegal watch list
immigrants at the border.
a inmigrantes en la frontera.
mi oficina en San Diego
para volver a mi casa en México.
to go back to my home in Mexico.
given me a valid visa,
aunque me habían dado una visa válida,
that I couldn't enter the country
que no podía entrar al país porque
had placed a travel alert on my passport,
una alerta de viaje en mi pasaporte,
as a national security risk.
un riesgo de seguridad nacional.
in a filthy room for hours.
en una habitación sucia durante horas.
and pick up my son,
y recoger a mi hijo,
me entregaron a los funcionarios de CBP,
to CBP officials,
into the United States.
so that I could go back to Mexico,
para poder regresar a México,
con la visa en la mano.
fui detenida e interrogada
a travel alert on my passport.
de viaje en mi pasaporte.
this travel alert against me.
esta alerta de viaje en mi contra.
to any other countries,
no he viajado a ningún otro país,
que experimentaría
I would experience as a US citizen,
la única persona criminalizada
being criminalized for helping immigrants.
have made it a crime to save lives,
en delito salvar vidas,
estamos tratando de hacer nuestro trabajo
trying to do our jobs
between our humanity and our freedom.
nuestra humanidad y nuestra libertad.
are facing the same choice,
enfrentan la misma opción,
good people out there.
bring about an end to the official policy.
a poner fin a la política oficial.
todavía está separando a los niños.
is still separating children.
is fighting for the right
está luchando por el derecho
indefinitely in prison camps.
refugiados en campos de prisioneros.
to become numb or look away.
ni mirar hacia otro lado.
separation and death,
separación y muerte,
which side we're on.
de qué lado estamos.
the inherent dignity of all human beings,
nuestras leyes respeten
de todos los seres humanos,
seeking help at our borders,
buscan ayuda en nuestras fronteras,
and climate refugees.
y refugiados climáticos.
reciban una oportunidad justa
that refugees get a fair shot
access to council
to the political whims of the president.
a los caprichos políticos del presidente.
our elected representatives
a nuestros representantes elegidos
marcan la diferencia.
being built up in first-world countries
en los países del primer mundo
a dejar ir al gobierno
to let the government go
when you think it won't happen to you.
no les va a pasar a ellos.
take people's children
se lleve a los niños de la gente
without access to council,
sin acceso al consejo,
a los inmigrantes ahora
if we fail to act.
nos dirigimos todos si no actuamos.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Erika Pinheiro - Immigration attorneyErika Pinheiro fights to protect migrant rights and reunify families. She leads non-profits whose projects have helped thousands of immigrants on both sides of the US-Mexico border.
Why you should listen
As Litigation and Policy Director of the direct legal services non-profit Al Otro Lado, Erika Pinheiro leads her organization's efforts in filing class action lawsuits challenging the Trump administration's attacks on the US asylum system, as well as slave labor practices and severe medical neglect in immigration detention facilities. Her team has reunified dozens of separated families, including parents who were deported without their children, and has freed dozens of asylum seekers detained at the border. Before joining Al Otro Lado, Pinheiro administered one of the largest DACA programs in California, as well as representation programs for Unaccompanied Children. She also oversaw high-volume Legal Orientation Programs for adults and children detained in immigration prisons.
Pinheiro's work on behalf of unaccompanied children, refugee families and vulnerable detained migrants is frequently featured in national and international media outlets. She also provides on-the-ground context regarding US border policies to policy makers, including state Attorneys General, members of the US Congress and California elected officials. She has also provided technical assistance and numerous trainings regarding immigration law and policy to attorneys, the California State Bar, Federal Public Defender offices and Los Angeles County agencies.
Pinheiro holds both a JD and MPP from Georgetown University and is trained in econometric analysis of immigration policy. Her thesis analyzed the intersection between immigration enforcement by local police and crime.
Erika Pinheiro | Speaker | TED.com