TEDxPSU
Sam Richards: A radical experiment in empathy
Sam Richards: Radikalan eksperiment iz empatije
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Vodeći Amerikance u publici TEDxPSU-a korak po korak kroz misaoni proces, sociolog Sam Richards je postavio nevjerojatan izazov: mogu li razumjeti -- ne odobravati, nego razumjeti -- motive iračkog pobunjenika? I dalje od toga, može li itko uopće razumjeti drugoga i suosjećati s njim?
Sam Richards - Sociologist
Sam Richards is a sociologist and teacher of the largest race relations course in the US. He argues that empathy is the core of sociology. Full bio
Sam Richards is a sociologist and teacher of the largest race relations course in the US. He argues that empathy is the core of sociology. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
My students often ask me,
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Moji učenici me često pitaju
00:18
"What is sociology?"
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"Što je sociologija?"
00:20
And I tell them, "It's the study
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Kažem im: "To je znanost
00:22
of the way in which human beings
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o načinu na koji su ljudska bića
00:24
are shaped by things that they don't see."
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oblikovana stvarima koje ne vide."
00:27
And they say, "So how can I be a sociologist?
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I oni odgovore: "Kako ja mogu biti sociolog?
00:31
How can I understand those invisible forces?"
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Kako mogu razumjeti te nevidljive sile?"
00:33
And I say, "Empathy.
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I kažem im: "Empatija.
00:35
Start with empathy.
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Počnite s empatijom.
00:37
It all begins with empathy.
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Sve počinje empatijom.
00:40
Take yourself out of your shoes,
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Zaboravite svoju situaciju,
00:42
put yourself into the shoes of another person."
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stavite se u situaciju druge osobe."
00:44
Here, I'll give you an example.
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Evo, da vam dam primjer.
00:47
So I imagine my life:
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Zamislim kakav bi bio moj život
00:49
if a hundred years ago
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da je prije stotinu godina
00:51
China had been the most powerful nation in the world
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Kina bila najmoćnija nacija u svijetu
00:53
and they came to the United States
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i da su došli u SAD
00:55
in search of coal,
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u potrazi za ugljenom,
00:57
and they found it, and, in fact, they found lots of it right here.
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i da su ga našli, u stvari, upravo ovdje su ga našli u velikim količinama.
01:00
And pretty soon, they began shipping that coal,
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Malo po malo, počeli su izvoziti taj ugljen,
01:03
ton by ton,
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tone i tone ugljena,
01:05
rail car by rail car, boatload by boatload,
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gomile ugljena željeznicama i brodovima
01:08
back to China and elsewhere around the world.
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u Kinu i ostatak svijeta.
01:12
And they got fabulously wealthy in doing so.
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Strašno su se obogatili u tom poslu.
01:15
And they built beautiful cities
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Izgradili su prekrasne gradove
01:17
all powered on that coal.
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zahvaljujući tom ugljenu.
01:22
And back here in the United States,
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A ovdje, u Sjedinjenim Državama,
01:25
we saw economic despair, deprivation.
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suočili bismo se s ekonomskom propašću i očajem.
01:27
This is what I saw.
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To sam zamislio.
01:29
I saw people struggling to get by,
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Zamislio sam kako se ljudi bore da prežive,
01:32
not knowing what was what and what was next.
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ne znajući što ih čeka, što je slijedeće.
01:35
And then I asked myself the question.
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Onda sam si postavio pitanje.
01:37
I say, "How's it possible that we could be so poor here in the United States,
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Rekoh, "Kako bi bilo moguće da tu u SAD-u budemo tako siromašni
01:40
because the coal is such a wealthy resource,
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ako je ugljen tako bogat izvor,
01:42
it's so much money?"
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kad vrijedi toliko mnogo novca?"
01:44
And I realized,
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Shvatio sam da bi se to dogodilo
01:46
because the Chinese ingratiated themselves
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zato što bi se Kinezi dodvorili
01:49
with a small ruling class here in the United States
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malenom vladajućem staležu u SAD-u
01:52
who stole all of that money and all of that wealth for themselves.
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koji je sebi prisvojio sav taj novac i bogatstvo.
01:56
And the rest of us, the vast majority of us,
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A ostatak nas, velika većina,
01:58
struggle to get by.
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bi se borili za preživljavanje.
02:00
And the Chinese gave this small ruling elite
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Kinezi bi dali ovoj malenoj vladajućoj eliti
02:03
loads of military weapons and sophisticated technology
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gomile vojnih oružja i sofisticirane tehnologije
02:06
in order to ensure that people like me
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da osiguraju da ljudi kao ja
02:09
would not speak out against this relationship.
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ne bi mogli govoriti protiv ovakve povezanosti.
02:13
Does this sound familiar?
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Zvuči li vam to poznato?
02:16
And they did things like train Americans
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Na primjer,istrenirali bi Amerikance
02:18
to help protect the coal.
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da pomognu zaštititi ugljen.
02:20
And everywhere, were symbols of the Chinese --
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A svugdje bi bili simboli Kineza --
02:23
everywhere, a constant reminder.
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svugdje, kao stalan podsjetnik.
02:26
And back in China,
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U Kini, pak,
02:28
what do they say in China?
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što kažu u Kini?
02:30
Nothing. They don't talk about us. They don't talk about the coal.
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Ništa. Ne govore o nama. Ne govore o ugljenu.
02:33
If you ask them,
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Ako ih pitate,
02:35
they'll say, "Well, you know the coal, we need the coal.
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rekli bi: "Pa, znate, ugljen, treba nam ugljen.
02:37
I mean, come on, I'm not going to turn down my thermostat.
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Mislim, dajte, pa neću smanjiti svoj termostat.
02:40
You can't expect that."
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Ne možete to očekivati."
02:43
And so I get angry, and I get pissed,
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I tako bih se naljutio, tako bih se razbjesnio,
02:46
as do lots of average people.
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kao što većina prosječnih ljudi i čini.
02:48
And we fight back, and it gets really ugly.
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I borili bismo se za sebe, postalo bi stvarno ružno.
02:51
And the Chinese respond in a very ugly way.
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A Kinezi bi odgovorili na jako ružan način.
02:55
And before we know it, they send in the tanks
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I prije nego trepneš, poslali bi tenkove
02:58
and then send in the troops,
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i odrede,
03:00
and lots of people are dying,
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i puno ljudi bi umiralo,
03:02
and it's a very, very difficult situation.
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bila bi jako, jako teška situacija.
03:07
Can you imagine what you would feel
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Možete li zamisliti kako biste se osjećali
03:10
if you were in my shoes?
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u takvoj situaciji?
03:12
Can you imagine walking out of this building
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Možete li zamisliti da izađete iz ove zgrade
03:15
and seeing a tank sitting out there
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i tamo vani vidite tenk
03:17
or a truck full of soldiers?
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ili kamion pun vojnika?
03:20
And just imagine what you would feel.
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Zamislite samo kako biste se osjećali.
03:22
Because you know why they're here, and you know what they're doing here.
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Zato što znate zašto su tu, i znate što tu rade.
03:25
And you just feel the anger and you feel the fear.
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Osjećate samo ljutnju, i strah.
03:29
If you can, that's empathy -- that's empathy.
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Ako možete, to je empatija -- to je empatija.
03:32
You've left your shoes, and you've stood in mine.
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Zaboravili ste vlastitu situaciju, i uskočili u moju.
03:35
And you've got to feel that.
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Uspjeli ste to osjetiti.
03:37
Okay, so that's the warm up.
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U redu, to je bilo zagrijavanje.
03:39
That's the warm up.
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To je bilo zagrijavanje.
03:41
Now we're going to have
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Sad ćemo imati
03:43
the real radical experiment.
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pravi radikalan eksperiment.
03:45
And so for the remainder of my talk, what I want you to do
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Dakle, u ostatku mog govora, ono što želim od vas je
03:48
is put yourselves in the shoes
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da se stavite u situaciju
03:50
of an ordinary Arab Muslim
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običnog Arapa muslimana
03:53
living in the Middle East --
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koji živi na Bliskom Istoku --
03:55
in particular, in Iraq.
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točnije, u Iraku.
03:59
And so to help you,
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Da vam pomognem,
04:01
perhaps you're a member of this middle class family in Baghdad --
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možda ste član obitelji srednje klase u Bagdadu --
04:05
and what you want is the best for your kids.
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i samo želite najbolje za svoju djecu.
04:08
You want your kids to have a better life.
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Želite da vaša djeca imaju bolji život.
04:10
And you watch the news, you pay attention,
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Gledate vijesti, obraćate pažnju,
04:12
you read the newspaper, you go down to the coffee shop with your friends,
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čitate novine, idete u kafić s prijateljima,
04:15
and you read the newspapers from around the world.
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i čitate novine iz cijelog svijeta.
04:17
And sometimes you even watch satellite,
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Ponekad čak gledate satelitsku,
04:19
CNN, from the United States.
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CNN iz Sjedinjenih Država.
04:21
So you have a sense of what the Americans are thinking.
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Tako da imate ideju o čemu razmišljaju Amerikanci.
04:23
But really, you just want a better life for yourself.
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Ali zapravo, sve što želite je bolji život za sebe.
04:26
That's what you want.
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To je ono što želite.
04:28
You're Arab Muslim living in Iraq.
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Vi ste Arap musliman koji živi u Iraku.
04:30
You want a better life for yourself.
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Želite bolji život za sebe.
04:32
So here, let me help you.
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Evo, pustite da vam pomognem.
04:34
Let me help you with some things
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Pustite me da vam pomognem oko nekih stvari
04:36
that you might be thinking.
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o kojima biste mogli razmišljati.
04:38
Number one: this incursion into your land
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Kao prvo: ovaj upad u vašu zemlju
04:41
these past 20 years, and before,
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proteklih 20 godina, a i prije,
04:43
the reason anyone is interested in your land, and particularly the United States,
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razlog zbog kojeg je itko zainteresiran za vašu zemlju, posebice SAD,
04:46
it's oil.
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je nafta.
04:48
It's all about oil; you know that, everybody knows that.
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Sve je to zbog nafte; vi to znate, svi to znaju.
04:51
People here back in the United States know it's about oil.
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Ljudi ovdje u Sjedinjem Državama znaju da je to zbog nafte.
04:54
It's because somebody else
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To je zato što netko drugi
04:56
has a design for your resource.
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ima planove s vašim izvorom.
04:59
It's your resource; it's not somebody else's.
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To je vaš izvor, ne nečiji tuđi.
05:02
It's your land; it's your resource.
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To je vaša zemlja, vaš izvor.
05:05
Somebody else has a design for it.
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Netko drugi ima planove s njim.
05:07
And you know why they have a design?
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I znate li zašto imaju planove?
05:09
You know why they have their eyes set on it?
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Znate li zašto su tako usredotočeni na njega?
05:11
Because they have an entire economic system
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Zato što njihov ekonomski sustav u potpunosti
05:13
that's dependent on that oil --
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ovisi o toj nafti --
05:15
foreign oil,
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stranoj nafti,
05:17
oil from other parts of the world that they don't own.
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nafti iz dijelova svijeta koje oni ne posjeduju.
05:20
And what else do you think about these people?
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I što još mislite o ovim ljudima?
05:22
The Americans, they're rich.
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Amerikanci, oni su bogataši.
05:24
Come on, they live in big houses, they have big cars,
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Ma dajte, pa žive u velikim kućama, imaju velike aute,
05:26
they all have blond hair, blue eyes, they're happy.
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svi imaju plavu kosu, plave oči,
05:28
You think that. It's not true, of course,
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sretni su. To mislite. Naravno, to nije istina,
05:30
but that's the media impression, and that's like what you get.
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ali to je dojam koji daju mediji, i to je ono što dobijete.
05:33
And they have big cities,
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I imaju ogromne gradove,
05:35
and the cities are all dependent on oil.
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a svi ti gradovi ovise o nafti.
05:39
And back home, what do you see?
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Natrag kod kuće, što vidite?
05:41
Poverty, despair, struggle.
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Siromaštvo, očaj, borbu.
05:43
Look, you don't live in a wealthy country.
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Gledajte, vi ne živite u bogatoj zemlji.
05:46
This is Iraq.
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Ovo je Irak.
05:50
This is what you see.
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Ovo je to što vidite.
05:52
You see people struggling to get by.
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Vidite ljude kako se bore preživjeti.
05:54
I mean, it's not easy; you see a lot of poverty.
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Mislim, nije lako; vidite mnogo siromaštva.
05:56
And you feel something about this.
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I osjećate nešto zbog toga.
05:58
These people have designs for your resource,
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Ovi ljudi imaju planove s vašim izvorom,
06:00
and this is what you see?
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i ovo je ono što vi vidite?
06:02
Something else you see that you talk about --
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Još nešto što vidite i o čemu razgovarate --
06:04
Americans don't talk about this, but you do.
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Amerikanci ne razgovaraju o tome, ali vi da.
06:06
There's this thing, this militarization of the world,
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Postoji ta militarizacija svijeta,
06:09
and it's centered right in the United States.
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i centrirana je upravo u Sjedinjenim Državama.
06:11
And the United States
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Sjedinjene Države
06:13
is responsible for almost one half
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su odgovorne za gotovo polovicu
06:16
of the world's military spending --
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svjetskih vojnih troškova --
06:18
four percent of the world's population.
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četiri posto svjetske populacije.
06:20
And you feel it; you see it every day.
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I vi to osjećate, vidite, svaki dan.
06:23
It's part of your life.
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To je dio vašeg života.
06:25
And you talk about it with your friends.
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I razgovarate o tome sa svojim prijateljima.
06:27
You read about it.
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Čitate o tome.
06:30
And back when Saddam Hussein was in power,
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I još dok je Saddam Hussein bio na vlasti,
06:33
the Americans didn't care about his crimes.
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Amerikance nije bilo briga o njegovim zločinima.
06:36
When he was gassing the Kurds and gassing Iran,
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Kad je ubijao Kurde plinom, i Iran,
06:38
they didn't care about it.
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Amerikance nije bilo briga.
06:40
When oil was at stake,
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Kad je nafta bila u pitanju,
06:42
somehow, suddenly, things mattered.
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odjednom su te stvari postale bitne.
06:47
And what you see, something else,
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I još nešto što vidite,
06:49
the United States,
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Sjedinjene Države,
06:51
the hub of democracy around the world,
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žarište demokracije diljem svijeta,
06:53
they don't seem to really be
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čini se da oni ne podupiru baš
06:55
supporting democratic countries all around the world.
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demokratske zemlje diljem svijeta.
06:59
There are a lot of countries, oil-producing countries,
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Postoji mnogo zemalja, zemalja koje proizvode naftu,
07:02
that aren't very democratic, but supported by the United States.
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koje nisu baš demokratske, ali ih Sjedinjene Države podupiru.
07:05
That's odd.
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To je čudno.
07:07
Oh, these incursions, these two wars,
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Ovi upadi, ova dva rata,
07:10
the 10 years of sanctions,
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deset godina sankcija,
07:12
the eight years of occupation,
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osam godina okupacije,
07:16
the insurgency that's been unleashed on your people,
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pobunjeništvo koje se shrvalo na vaše ljude,
07:19
the tens of thousands, the hundreds of thousands
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stotine tisuća
07:22
of civilian deaths,
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smrti civila,
07:27
all because of oil.
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sve zbog nafte.
07:30
You can't help but think that.
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Ne možete si pomoći da ne razmišljate o tome.
07:32
You talk about it.
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Razgovarate o tome.
07:34
It's in the forefront of your mind always.
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To vam je stalno pred očima.
07:37
You say, "How is that possible?"
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Kažete: "Kako je to moguće?"
07:40
And this man, he's every man --
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I taj čovjek, on je svaki čovjek --
07:43
your grandfather, your uncle,
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vaš djed, vaš stric,
07:45
your father, your son,
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vaš otac, vaš sin,
07:47
your neighbor, your professor, your student.
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vaš susjed, vaš profesor, vaš učenik.
07:50
Once a life of happiness and joy
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Nekad život sreće i veselja,
07:53
and suddenly, pain and sorrow.
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a odjednom se pretvorio u život boli i tuge.
07:56
Everyone in your country
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Svatko u vašoj zemlji
07:59
has been touched by the violence,
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je okusio nasilje na vlastitoj koži,
08:02
the bloodshed, the pain,
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krvoproliće, bol,
08:04
the horror, everybody.
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horor, svatko.
08:06
Not a single person in your country
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Nijedna osoba u vašoj zemlji
08:09
has not been touched.
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nije to izbjegla.
08:11
But there's something else.
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Ali tu je još nešto.
08:13
There's something else about these people,
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Još nešto o ovim ljudima,
08:15
these Americans who are there.
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tim Amerikancima koji su tu.
08:17
There's something else about them that you see -- they don't see themselves.
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Ima još nešto o njima što vi vidite -- ali oni ne.
08:20
And what do you see? They're Christians.
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Što je to što vidite? Oni su kršćani.
08:23
They're Christians.
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Oni su kršćani.
08:25
They worship the Christian God, they have crosses, they carry Bibles.
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Štuju kršćanskog Boga, imaju križeve, nose Bibliju.
08:28
Their Bibles have a little insignia
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Njihove Biblije imaju mali znak
08:30
that says "U.S. Army" on them.
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koji kaže "Vojska SAD-a."
08:34
And their leaders, their leaders:
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A njihovi vođe, njihovi vođe,
08:37
before they send their sons and daughters
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prije nego pošalju svoje sinove i kćeri
08:39
off to war in your country --
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u rat u vašu zemlju --
08:41
and you know the reason --
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i vi znate razlog tome --
08:43
before they send them off,
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prije nego ih pošalju,
08:45
they go to a Christian church, and they pray to their Christian God,
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odu u kršćansku crkvu, i mole se svom kršćanskom Bogu,
08:47
and they ask for protection and guidance from that god.
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i traže zaštitu i vodstvo od tog Boga.
08:50
Why?
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Zašto?
08:52
Well, obviously, when people die in the war,
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Jer, očito, kad ljudi umru u ratu,
08:56
they are Muslims, they are Iraqis --
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oni su muslimani, oni su Iračani --
08:58
they're not Americans.
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oni nisu Amerikanci.
09:00
You don't want Americans to die. Protect our troops.
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Ne želite da Amerikanci umru. Oni štite naše odrede.
09:03
And you feel something about that --
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I osjećate nešto u vezi toga --
09:05
of course you do.
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naravno da osjećate.
09:07
And they do wonderful things.
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Oni čine divne stvari.
09:09
You read about it, you hear about it.
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Vi čitate o tome, čujete o tome.
09:11
They're there to build schools and help people, and that's what they want to do.
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Oni su tu da izgrade škole i pomognu ljudima, i to žele činiti.
09:13
They do wonderful things, but they also do the bad things,
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Čine divne stvari, ali isto tako čine i loše stvari,
09:15
and you can't tell the difference.
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a vi ne možete vidjeti razliku.
09:17
And this guy, you get a guy like Lt. Gen. William Boykin.
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I tu je taj tip, tip poput poručnika generala Williama Boykina.
09:21
I mean, here's a guy who says that your God is a false God.
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Mislim, taj tip kaže da je vaš bog krivi bog.
09:24
Your God's an idol; his God is the true God.
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Vaš bog je idol, njegov bog je pravi Bog.
09:26
The solution to the problem in the Middle East, according to him,
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Rješenje problema na Bliskom Istoku, prema njemu,
09:29
is to convert you all to Christianity --
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je da svi prijeđete na kršćanstvo --
09:31
just get rid of your religion.
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samo odbacite svoju religiju.
09:33
And you know that. Americans don't read about this guy.
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Vi to znate. Amerikanci ne čitaju o ovom tipu.
09:35
They don't know anything about him, but you do.
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O njemu ne znaju ništa, ali vi znate.
09:38
You pass it around. You pass his words around.
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Širite to uokolo. Prepričavate njegove riječi.
09:40
I mean this is serious. You're afraid.
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Mislim, ovo je ozbiljno.
09:43
He was one of the leading commanders in the second invasion of Iraq.
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On je bio jedan od glavnih zapovjednika u drugoj invaziji na Irak.
09:46
And you're thinking, "God, if this guy is saying that,
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I mislite: "Bože, ako ovaj tip to govori,
09:49
then all the soldiers must be saying that."
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onda sigurno svi vojnici to govore."
09:51
And this word here,
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I ta riječ,
09:53
George Bush called this war a crusade.
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George Bush je nazvao ovaj rat križarskim.
09:55
Man, the Americans, they're just like, "Ah, crusade.
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Čovječe, Amerikanci, oni misle: "Aha, križarski rat.
09:57
Whatever. I don't know."
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Svejedno. Nemam pojma".
09:59
You know what it means.
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Znate što to znači.
10:01
It's a holy war against Muslims.
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To je sveti rat protiv muslimana.
10:03
Look, invade, subdue them, take their resources.
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Promotrite, napadnite, pokorite ih, uzmite im izvore.
10:06
If they won't submit, kill them.
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Ako se ne žele podčiniti, ubijte ih.
10:08
That's what this is about.
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O tome se radi.
10:10
And you're thinking, "My God, these Christians are coming to kill us."
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I mislite si: "Moj Bože, ovi kršćani su nas došli ubiti."
10:13
This is frightening.
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Ovo je zastrašujuće.
10:15
You feel frightened. Of course you feel frightened.
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Prestrašeni ste. Naravno da ste prestrašeni.
10:18
And this man, Terry Jones:
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I ovaj čovjek, Terry Jones,
10:21
I mean here's a guy who wants to burn Korans, right?
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taj čovjek želi spaliti Kurane.
10:23
And the Americans: "Ah, he's a knucklehead.
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A Amerikanci misle: "Ma, to je idiot.
10:25
He's a former hotel manager;
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On je bivši upravitelj hotela,
10:27
he's got three-dozen members of his church."
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ima 40-ak članova u svojoj Crkvi."
10:29
They laugh him off. You don't laugh him off.
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Smiju mu se. Vi mu se ne smijete.
10:31
Because in the context of everything else,
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Ne smijete se jer u kontekstu svega,
10:33
all the pieces fit.
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svi se dijelovi slažu.
10:35
I mean, of course, this is how Americans take it,
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Mislim, naravno da Amerikanci tako to shvaćaju,
10:37
so people all over the Middle East, not just in your country,
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tako da ljudi svugdje na Bliskom Istoku, ne samo u vašoj zemlji,
10:39
are protesting.
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protestiraju.
10:41
"He wants to burn Korans, our holy book.
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"On želi spaliti Kuran, našu svetu knjigu.
10:43
These Christians, who are these Christians?
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Ovi kršćani, tko su oni?
10:45
They're so evil, they're so mean --
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Tako su zli, i pokvareni --
10:47
this is what they're about."
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u tome im je bit."
10:49
This is what you're thinking as an Arab Muslim,
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Ovako razmišljate kao Arap i musliman,
10:51
as an Iraqi.
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kao Iračanin.
10:53
Of course you're going to think this.
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Naravno da tako razmišljate.
10:55
And then your cousin
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I onda vaš rođak kaže:
10:57
says, "Hey cuz, check out this website.
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"Ej, pogledaj ovu stranicu.
10:59
You've got to see this -- Bible Boot Camp.
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Moraš ovo vidjeti -- biblijski vojni kamp.
11:01
These Christians are nuts.
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Ovi kršćani su luđaci.
11:03
They're training their little kids to be soldiers for Jesus.
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Treniraju svoju djecu da budu Isusovi vojnici.
11:06
And they take these little kids and they run them through these things
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Uzmu tu svoju malu djecu, i uvježbavaju ih
11:08
till they teach them how to say, "Sir, yes, sir,"
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dok ih ne nauče kako reći: "Da, gospodine, da!"
11:10
and things like grenade toss and weapons care and maintenance.
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i kako bacati granate i voditi brigu o oružju.
11:13
And go to the website.
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I vi odete na tu stranicu.
11:15
It says "U.S. Army" right on it.
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Na samom vrhu kaže "Vojska SAD-a."
11:17
I mean, these Christians, they're nuts. How would they do this to their little kids?"
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Mislim, ovi kršćani, oni su luđaci. Kako to mogu raditi vlastitoj djeci?
11:20
And you're reading this website.
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I čitate tu stranicu.
11:22
And of course, Christians back in the United States, or anybody,
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Naravno, kršćani u Sjedinjenim Državama, a i drugi, kažu:
11:25
says, "Ah, this is some little, tiny church in the middle of nowhere."
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"Ma, to je neka mala crkvica bogu iza nogu."
11:27
You don't know that.
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Vi to ne znate.
11:29
For you, this is like all Christians.
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Za vas, takvi su svi kršćani.
11:32
It's all over the Web, Bible Boot Camp.
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Taj biblijski vojni kamp je po cijelom Internetu.
11:34
And look at this:
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I pogledajte,
11:36
they even teach their kids --
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čak uče svoju djecu --
11:38
they train them in the same way the U.S. Marines train.
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treniraju ih na isti način kao i američke marince.
11:40
Isn't that interesting.
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Kako zanimljivo.
11:42
And it scares you, and it frightens you.
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I to vas plaši, prestravljuje.
11:44
So these guys, you see them.
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Tako da ovi tipovi, vidite ih.
11:46
You see, I, Sam Richards, I know who these guys are.
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Vidite, ja, Sam Richards, znam tko su ti tipovi.
11:49
They're my students, my friends.
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To su moji učenici, moji prijatelji.
11:51
I know what they're thinking: "You don't know."
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Znam što misle: "Ti ne znaš."
11:53
When you see them,
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Kad ih vidite,
11:55
they're something else, they're something else.
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oni su nešto drugo, netko drugi.
11:58
That's what they are to you.
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To su vama.
12:01
We don't see it that way in the United States,
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Mi to ne vidimo tako u Sjedinjenim Državama,
12:04
but you see it that way.
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ali vi to vidite na taj način.
12:09
So here.
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Eto.
12:11
Of course, you got it wrong.
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Naravno, krivo si shvatio.
12:13
You're generalizing. It's wrong.
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Generaliziraš. To je pogrešno.
12:16
You don't understand the Americans.
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Ne razumiješ Amerikance.
12:18
It's not a Christian invasion.
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To nije kršćanska invazija.
12:20
We're not just there for oil; we're there for lots of reasons.
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Nismo tamo samo zbog nafte, tamo smo zbog mnogo razloga.
12:22
You have it wrong. You've missed it.
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Krivo si shvatio. Promašio si.
12:24
And of course, most of you don't support the insurgency;
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Naravno, većina vas ne podupire pobunjeništvo,
12:27
you don't support killing Americans;
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ne podupirete ubijanje Amerikanaca;
12:29
you don't support the terrorists.
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ne podupirete teroriste.
12:31
Of course you don't. Very few people do.
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Naravno da ne podupirete. Jako malo ljudi to čini.
12:33
But some of you do.
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Ali neki od vas to čine.
12:36
And this is a perspective.
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I to je pogled.
12:39
Okay, so now, here's what we're going to do.
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U redu, dakle, sad ćemo ovako.
12:41
Step outside of your shoes
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Zaboravite tu situaciju,
12:43
that you're in right now
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ovu u kojoj upravo jeste,
12:45
and step back into your normal shoes.
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i vratite se u svoju normalnu.
12:47
So everyone's back in the room, okay.
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U redu, sad smo svi natrag.
12:49
Now here comes the radical experiment.
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Sad idemo na radikalan eksperiment.
12:51
So we're all back home.
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Dakle, svi smo natrag.
12:53
This photo: this woman,
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Ova fotografija, ova žena,
12:55
man, I feel her.
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čovječe, znam kako joj je.
12:57
I feel her.
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Znam kako joj je.
12:59
She's my sister,
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Ona je moja sestra,
13:01
my wife, my cousin, my neighbor.
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moja žena, moja rođakinja, moja susjeda.
13:04
She's anybody to me.
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Ona mi je bilo tko.
13:06
These guys standing there, everybody in the photo,
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Ovi tipovi koji stoje tu, svi na fotografiji.
13:08
I feel this photo, man.
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Čovječe, znam kako im je na ovoj fotografiji.
13:11
So here's what I want you to do.
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Dakle, ovo želim od vas.
13:13
Let's go back to my first example of the Chinese.
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Vratimo se na prvi primjer, Kineze.
13:17
So I want you to go there.
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Želim da odete tamo.
13:19
So it's all about coal, and the Chinese are here in the United States.
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Dakle, sve je zbog ugljena, i Kinezi su tu u Sjedinjenim Državama.
13:22
And what I want you to do is picture her as a Chinese woman
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I ono što želim od vas je da je zamislite kao Kineskinju
13:24
receiving a Chinese flag
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koja prima kinesku zastavu
13:27
because her loved one has died in America
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zato što je netko koga je voljela umro u Americi
13:30
in the coal uprising.
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u pobuni zbog ugljena.
13:32
And the soldiers are Chinese,
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Vojnici su Kinezi,
13:34
and everybody else is Chinese.
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i svi ostali su Kinezi.
13:36
As an American, how do you feel about this picture?
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Kao Amerikanac, kako biste se osjećali zbog ove fotografije?
13:41
What do you think about that scene?
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Što mislite o ovoj sceni?
13:46
Okay, try this. Bring it back.
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U redu, pokušajte ovo. Prisjetite se.
13:48
This is the scene here.
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Ovo je ta scena.
13:50
It's an American, American soldiers,
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To je Amerikanac, američki vojnik,
13:52
American woman who lost her loved one
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američka žena koja je izgubila nekog koga je voljela
13:54
in the Middle East -- in Iraq or Afghanistan.
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na Bliskom Istoku -- u Iraku ili Afganistanu.
13:57
Now, put yourself in the shoes,
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Sad, stavite se u situaciju,
13:59
go back to the shoes
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stavite se u situaciju
14:01
of an Arab Muslim living in Iraq.
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Arapa muslimana koji živi u Iraku.
14:05
What are you feeling and thinking
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Što osjećate i o čemu razmišljate
14:08
about this photo,
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u vezi ove fotografije,
14:10
about this woman?
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u vezi ove žene?
14:20
Okay,
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U redu.
14:22
now follow me on this,
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Sad me pratite,
14:24
because I'm taking a big risk here.
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zato što sad jako riskiram.
14:26
And so I'm going to invite you to take a risk with me.
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Pozivam vas da riskirate sa mnom.
14:29
These gentlemen here, they're insurgents.
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Ova gospoda, to su pobunjenici.
14:31
They were caught by the American soldiers,
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Uhvatili su ih američki vojnici
14:33
trying to kill Americans.
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dok su pokušavali ubiti Amerikance.
14:35
And maybe they succeeded. Maybe they succeeded.
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Možda su i uspjeli. Možda su uspjeli.
14:38
Put yourself in the shoes
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Stavite se u situaciju
14:40
of the Americans who caught them.
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Amerikanaca koji su ih uhvatili.
14:44
Can you feel the rage?
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Možete li osjetiti bijes?
14:46
Can you feel that you just want to take these guys
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Možete li osjetiti kako samo želite uzeti ove tipove
14:48
and wring their necks?
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i zavrnuti im vratom?
14:50
Can you go there?
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Možete li to?
14:52
It shouldn't be that difficult.
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Ne bi trebalo biti tako teško.
14:54
You just -- oh, man.
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Samo -- o, čovječe.
14:59
Now, put yourself in their shoes.
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Sad, stavite se u njihovu situaciju.
15:05
Are they brutal killers
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Jesu li oni brutalni ubojice
15:07
or patriotic defenders?
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ili branitelji domovine?
15:10
Which one?
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Što su?
15:13
Can you feel their anger,
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Možete li osjetiti njihovu ljutnju,
15:16
their fear,
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njihov strah,
15:18
their rage
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njihov bijes,
15:20
at what has happened in their country?
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zbog svega što se dogodilo u njihovoj zemlji?
15:22
Can you imagine
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Možete li zamisliti
15:24
that maybe one of them in the morning
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da se možda jedan od njih to jutro
15:27
bent down to their child and hugged their child
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sagnuo da zagrli svoje dijete
15:30
and said, "Dear, I'll be back later.
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i rekao: "Milo, vratit ću se kasnije.
15:34
I'm going out to defend your freedom, your lives.
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Idem braniti tvoju slobodu, tvoj život.
15:37
I'm going out to look out for us,
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Idem se pobrinuti za nas,
15:41
the future of our country."
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za budućnost naše zemlje."
15:43
Can you imagine that?
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Možete li zamisliti to?
15:45
Can you imagine saying that?
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Možete li zamisliti kako to govorite?
15:48
Can you go there?
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Možete li?
15:52
What do you think they're feeling?
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Što mislite da oni osjećaju?
16:02
You see, that's empathy.
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Vidite, to je empatija.
16:04
It's also understanding.
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To je također i razumijevanje.
16:07
Now, you might ask,
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Sad biste mogli pitati:
16:09
"Okay, Sam, so why do you do this sort of thing?
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"U redu, Sam, zašto činiš nešto ovakvo?
16:12
Why would you use this example of all examples?"
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Zašto bi od svih primjera uzeo ovaj?"
16:14
And I say, because ... because.
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A ja kažem: zato ... zato.
16:17
You're allowed to hate these people.
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Dopušteno vam je mrziti ove ljude.
16:19
You're allowed to just hate them
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Dopušteno vam je samo mrziti ih
16:22
with every fiber of your being.
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svakom stanicom svoga bića.
16:24
And if I can get you
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I ako vas mogu natjerati
16:26
to step into their shoes
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da se stavite u njihovu situaciju
16:28
and walk an inch,
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makar na trenutak,
16:30
one tiny inch,
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makar jedan mali trenutak,
16:32
then imagine the kind of sociological analysis
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zamislite vrstu sociološke analize
16:35
that you can do in all other aspects of your life.
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koju biste mogli napraviti u svim drugim aspektima svog života.
16:39
You can walk a mile
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Mogli biste suosjećati
16:41
when it comes to understanding
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kad bi trebalo razumjeti
16:43
why that person's driving 40 miles per hour
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zašto ona osoba vozi 65 km/h
16:46
in the passing lane,
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u traci za pretjecanje,
16:49
or your teenage son,
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ili vašeg sina, tinejdžera,
16:51
or your neighbor who annoys you
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ili susjeda koji vas nervira
16:53
by cutting his lawn on Sunday mornings.
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zato što kosi travnjak nedjeljom ujutro.
16:55
Whatever it is, you can go so far.
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Štogod bilo, možete tako puno.
16:58
And this is what I tell my students:
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I to kažem svojim učenicima:
17:00
step outside of your tiny, little world.
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izađite iz svog malenog, skučenog svijeta.
17:04
Step inside of the tiny, little world
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Uđite u maleni skučeni svijet
17:06
of somebody else.
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nekoga drugoga.
17:08
And then do it again and do it again and do it again.
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I onda to ponovite opet i opet i opet.
17:12
And suddenly all these tiny, little worlds,
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I odjednom, svi ovi maleni skučeni svjetovi
17:14
they come together in this complex web.
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se spoje u složenu mrežu.
17:16
And they build a big, complex world.
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Izgrade veliki složeni svijet.
17:19
And suddenly, without realizing it,
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I odjednom, bez da to uopće primijetite,
17:21
you're seeing the world differently.
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drukčije gledate svijet.
17:24
Everything has changed.
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Sve se promijenilo.
17:26
Everything in your life has changed.
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Sve u vašem životu se promijenilo.
17:28
And that's, of course, what this is about.
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Naravno, o tome se radi.
17:31
Attend to other lives,
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Uzmite k srcu druge živote,
17:34
other visions.
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druge poglede.
17:36
Listen to other people,
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Slušajte druge ljude,
17:38
enlighten ourselves.
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prosvijetlite sami sebe.
17:41
I'm not saying
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Ne kažem da
17:43
that I support the terrorists in Iraq,
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podupirem teroriste u Iraku,
17:45
but as a sociologist,
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ali kao sociolog
17:47
what I am saying
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pokušavam reći
17:49
is I understand.
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da razumijem.
17:53
And now perhaps -- perhaps -- you do too.
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A možda sada -- možda -- i vi razumijete.
17:57
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
17:59
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sam Richards - SociologistSam Richards is a sociologist and teacher of the largest race relations course in the US. He argues that empathy is the core of sociology.
Why you should listen
Identifying himself as "an iconoclast from Toledo, Ohio," and identified by David Horowitz as one of the "101 Most Dangerous Academics in America," Sam Richards is one of the most provocative, and popular, sociology teachers in the country. Every year 725 students at Penn State University take his course on race and ethnic relations, where he attacks, with humor and courage, questions most would choose to avoid.
He is also the founder of the World in Conversation project. Every year, more than 7,000 students participate in its mission is to create a conscious dialogue around the politically incorrect thoughts of the participants, bringing them out in the open for inspection.
Sam Richards | Speaker | TED.com