TEDxDePaulUniversity
Kelly Richmond Pope: How whistle-blowers shape history
Kelly Richmond Pope: Kako zviždači oblikuju povijest
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Istražiteljica prevare i redateljica dokumentaraca Kelly Richmond Pope djeli lekcije iz nekih od najvećih zviždača povijesti, objašnjavajući kako su podijelili informacije koje su oblikovale društvo- i zašto trebaju naše povjerenje i zaštitu
Kelly Richmond Pope - Fraud researcher, documentary filmmaker
Kelly Richmond Pope researches organizational misconduct, ethics and fraud. Full bio
Kelly Richmond Pope researches organizational misconduct, ethics and fraud. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
How many of us have ever seen something,
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Koliko nas je ikad vidjelo nešto,
00:16
thought that we should report it,
but decided not to?
but decided not to?
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pomislilo da to treba prijaviti,
ali odlučilo suprotno?
ali odlučilo suprotno?
00:21
And not that I need
to see a show of hands,
to see a show of hands,
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Ne trebate podizati ruke,
00:23
but I'm sure this has happened
to someone in this room before.
to someone in this room before.
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ali sigurna sam da se to već dogodilo
nekom u ovoj prostoriji.
nekom u ovoj prostoriji.
00:26
In fact, when this question
was asked to a group of employees,
was asked to a group of employees,
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Ustvari, kada je ovo pitanje postavljeno
grupi zaposlenika,
grupi zaposlenika,
00:29
46 percent of them responded
by saying that they had seen something
by saying that they had seen something
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46% njih je izjavilo da su vidjeli nešto
00:32
and decided not to report it.
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i odlučili ne prijaviti to.
00:34
So if you raised your hand,
or quietly raised your hand,
or quietly raised your hand,
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Tako da ako ste podigli ruku,
ili tiho podigli ruku,
ili tiho podigli ruku,
00:37
don't feel bad, you're not alone.
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nemojte se loše osjećati,
niste sami.
niste sami.
00:40
This message of if you see something
to say something
to say something
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Ova poruka da ako vidite nešto
recite nešto
recite nešto
00:43
is really all around us.
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je stvarno oko nas.
00:45
Even when driving down the highway,
you see billboards like this,
you see billboards like this,
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Čak i kad se vozim autocestom,
vidite ovakve oglase,
vidite ovakve oglase,
00:49
encouraging us to report crime
without revealing ourselves.
without revealing ourselves.
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ohrabrujući nas da prijavimo zločine
bez da sami sebe razotkrijemo.
bez da sami sebe razotkrijemo.
00:52
But I still feel like a lot of us
are really uncomfortable
are really uncomfortable
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Ali i dalje mislim da se puno nas
ne osjeća ugodno
ne osjeća ugodno
00:55
coming forward in the name of the truth.
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istupiti u ime istine.
00:57
I'm an accounting professor,
and I do fraud research.
and I do fraud research.
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Ja sam profesorica računovodstva
i istražujem prevare.
i istražujem prevare.
01:00
And in my class, I encourage my students
to come forward with information
to come forward with information
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Na predavanjima ohrabrujem svoje studente
da iznesu informacije
da iznesu informacije
01:04
if they see it.
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ako je potrebno.
01:05
Or in other words, encouraging
my students to become whistle-blowers.
my students to become whistle-blowers.
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Drugim riječima, ohrabrujem svoje studente
da budu zviždači.
da budu zviždači.
01:09
But if I'm being completely
honest with myself,
honest with myself,
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Ali ako sam sasvim iskrena sama sa sobom,
01:12
I am really conflicted with this message
that I'm sending to my students.
that I'm sending to my students.
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stvarno sam u sukobu sa ovom porukom
koju šaljem svojim studentima.
koju šaljem svojim studentima.
01:15
And here's why.
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Evo i zašto.
01:18
Whistle-blowers are under attack.
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Zviždači su pod napadom.
01:21
Headline after headline shows us this.
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Naslov nakon naslova nam to pokazuje.
01:25
Many people choose
not to become whistle-blowers
not to become whistle-blowers
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Puno ljudi bira ne postati zviždači
01:28
due to the fear of retaliation.
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zbog straha od osvete.
01:30
From demotions to death threats,
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Od nazadovanja u karijeri do
prijetnji smrću,
prijetnji smrću,
01:34
to job loss --
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do gubitka posla --
01:36
perpetual job loss.
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stalnog gubitka posla.
01:38
Choosing to become a whistle-blower
is an uphill battle.
is an uphill battle.
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Odabir da postanete zviždač
je teška bitka.
je teška bitka.
01:41
Their loyalty becomes into question.
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Njihova odanost postane upitna.
01:44
Their motives, their trustworthiness.
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Njihovi motivi,
njihova povjerljivost.
njihova povjerljivost.
01:47
So how can I, as a professor
who really cares about her students
who really cares about her students
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Kako mogu ja, kao profesorica,
koja brine o svojim studentima
koja brine o svojim studentima
01:51
encourage them to become whistle-blowers,
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ih poticati da budu zviždači
01:53
when I know how the world
truly feels about them?
truly feels about them?
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kad znam kako se svijet
odnosi prema takvima?
odnosi prema takvima?
01:56
So, one day I was getting ready
for my annual whistle-blower lecture
for my annual whistle-blower lecture
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Tako, jednog dana spremala sam
moje godišnje izlaganje o zviždačima
moje godišnje izlaganje o zviždačima
01:59
with my students.
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sa svojim studentima.
02:01
And I was working
on an article for "Forbes,"
on an article for "Forbes,"
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I radila sam na članku za "Forbes"
02:03
entitled "Wells Fargo
and Millennial Whistle-blowing.
and Millennial Whistle-blowing.
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nazvanom "Wells Fargo
i zviždanje milenijalaca.
i zviždanje milenijalaca.
02:05
What Do We Tell Them?"
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Što da im kažemo?"
02:07
And as I was working on this piece
and reading about the case,
and reading about the case,
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I dok sam radila na tom članku
i čitala o tom slučaju,
i čitala o tom slučaju,
02:10
I became outraged.
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strašno sam se naljutila.
02:11
And what made me angry
was when I came to the fact and realized
was when I came to the fact and realized
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I što me naljutilo je to što sam shvatila
02:15
that the employees
that tried to whistle-blow
that tried to whistle-blow
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da su zaposlenici,
koji su pokušali zviždati,
koji su pokušali zviždati,
02:18
were actually fired.
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su otpušteni.
02:20
And it really made me think
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I zapitala sam se
02:21
about the message
that I was sharing with my students.
that I was sharing with my students.
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o poruci koju sam slala svojim studentima.
02:24
And it made me think: What if my students
had been Wells Fargo employees?
had been Wells Fargo employees?
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I zamislila sam se: Što da su moji studenti
bili zaposlenici Wella Fargo-a?
bili zaposlenici Wella Fargo-a?
02:29
On the one hand, if they whistle-blew,
they would have gotten fired.
they would have gotten fired.
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S jedne strane, da su zviždali,
bili bi otpušteni.
bili bi otpušteni.
02:33
But on the other hand,
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S druge strane,
02:34
if they didn't report
the frauds that they knew,
the frauds that they knew,
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da nisu prijavili prevare
o kojima su znali,
o kojima su znali,
02:37
the way current regulation is written,
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način na koji je propisano je da su
02:39
employees are held responsible
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zaposlenici krivi
02:42
if they knew something
and didn't report it.
and didn't report it.
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ako su znali nešto, a nisu to prijavili.
02:44
So criminal prosecution is a real option.
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Kazneni progon je stvarna opcija.
02:47
What's a person supposed to do
with those type of odds?
with those type of odds?
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Što bi osoba trebala napraviti
sa takvim izgledima?
sa takvim izgledima?
02:50
I of all people know
the valuable contributions
the valuable contributions
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Ja od svih ljudi znam vrijedne doprinose
02:54
that whistle-blowers make.
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koje zviždači daju.
02:56
In fact, most frauds
are discovered by them.
are discovered by them.
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Većina prevara je i otkrivena zbog njih.
02:59
Forty two percent of frauds
are discovered by a whistle-blower
are discovered by a whistle-blower
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42% prevara je otkriveno zbog zviždača
03:02
in comparison to other methods,
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u usporedbi sa drugim metodama,
03:04
like measurement review
and external audit.
and external audit.
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kao provjere mjera i vanjske revizije.
03:07
And when you think
about some of the more classic
about some of the more classic
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I kad pomislite na neke klasične
03:09
or historical fraud cases,
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povijesne prevare,
03:11
it always is around a whistle-blower.
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uvijek se vrte oko zviždača.
03:14
Think Watergate --
discovered by a whistle-blower.
discovered by a whistle-blower.
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Watergate-- otkriven zbog zviždača.
03:16
Think Enron -- discovered
by a whistle-blower.
by a whistle-blower.
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Enron- otkriven zbog zviždača.
03:19
And who can forget about Bernard Madoff,
discovered by a whistle-blower?
discovered by a whistle-blower?
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I tko može zaboraviti Bernarda Madoffa
koji je otkriven zbog zviždača?
koji je otkriven zbog zviždača?
03:24
It takes a tremendous amount of courage
to come forward in the name of the truth.
to come forward in the name of the truth.
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Treba ogomna količina hrabrosti
istupiti u ime istine.
istupiti u ime istine.
03:28
But when we think
about the term whistle-blower,
about the term whistle-blower,
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Ali kada pomislimo na izraz zviždač,
03:31
we often think of some
very descriptive words:
very descriptive words:
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često pomislimo o vrlo slikovitim rječima:
03:35
rat,
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štakor,
03:37
snake,
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zmija,
03:39
traitor,
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izdajica,
03:40
tattletale, weasel.
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tužibaba, cinkaroš.
03:43
And those are the nice words,
the ones I can say from the stage.
the ones I can say from the stage.
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I to su one lijepe rječi,
one koje mogu reći na pozornici.
one koje mogu reći na pozornici.
03:46
And so when I'm not in class,
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I kad nisam na predavanjima,
03:48
I go around the country
and I interview white-collar felons,
and I interview white-collar felons,
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idem oko države i provodim
intervjue sa uredskim prestupnicima,
intervjue sa uredskim prestupnicima,
03:51
whistle-blowers and victims of fraud.
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zviždačima i žrtvama prevara.
03:53
Because really I'm trying to understand
what makes them tick
what makes them tick
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Stvarno pokušavam shvatiti što ih motivira
03:56
and to bring those experiences
back into the classroom.
back into the classroom.
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i vratiti ta iskustva nazad u učionicu.
03:59
But it's my interviews with
whistle-blowers that really stick with me.
whistle-blowers that really stick with me.
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Ali intervjui sa zviždačima su ono
što je stvarno ostavilo utisak na mene.
što je stvarno ostavilo utisak na mene.
04:03
And they stick with me,
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Ostave utisak na mene,
04:04
because they make me question
my own courage.
my own courage.
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jer me natjeraju
da se zapitam u vlastitu hrabrost.
da se zapitam u vlastitu hrabrost.
04:07
When given the opportunity,
would I actually speak up?
would I actually speak up?
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Kada bih imala tu priliku,
jel bi ja progovorila?
jel bi ja progovorila?
04:11
And so, this is a couple stories
that I want to share with you.
that I want to share with you.
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Ovo je par priča
koje želim podjeliti sa vama.
koje želim podjeliti sa vama.
04:14
This is Mary.
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Ovo je Mary.
04:15
Mary Willingham is the whistle-blower
from the University of North Carolina
from the University of North Carolina
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Mary Willingham je zviždačica
sveučilišta Sjeverne Karoline
sveučilišta Sjeverne Karoline
04:18
at Chapel Hill, academic fraud case.
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u Chapel Hillu, slučaj akadamske prevare.
04:22
And Mary was a learning specialist
at the university,
at the university,
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I Mary je bila stručnjak za učenje
na sveučilištu,
na sveučilištu,
04:25
and she worked with students,
primarily student athletes.
primarily student athletes.
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i radila je sa studentima,
najviše sa studentima sportašima.
najviše sa studentima sportašima.
04:28
And what she noticed,
when she was working with students,
when she was working with students,
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I primjetila je da
04:31
is they were turning in term papers
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oni predaju seminare
04:34
that seemed well beyond
their reading levels.
their reading levels.
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koji su duboko ispod njihovih
nivoa čitanja i pisanja.
nivoa čitanja i pisanja.
04:37
She started to ask a couple of questions
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Pa ih je počela ispitivati
04:39
and she found out
that there was a database
that there was a database
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i otkrila je da postoji baza podataka
04:41
where the student athletes
could retrieve papers and turn them in.
could retrieve papers and turn them in.
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gdje studenti sportaši
mogu dobiti seminare i predati ih.
mogu dobiti seminare i predati ih.
04:44
And then she found out
that some of her colleagues
that some of her colleagues
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I onda je otkrila da su
neki od njenih kolega
neki od njenih kolega
04:47
were funneling students into fake classes,
just to keep them eligible to play.
just to keep them eligible to play.
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gurali studente u lažne kolegije,
samo da bi bili kvalificirani igrati.
samo da bi bili kvalificirani igrati.
04:53
Now, when Mary found this out,
she was outraged.
she was outraged.
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Kad je Mary ovo otkrila, bila je bijesna.
04:56
And so what she tried to do
was go to her direct supervisor.
was go to her direct supervisor.
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I onda je probala otići svom nadležnom.
04:59
But they didn't do anything.
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Ali oni nisu reagirali.
05:01
And then Mary tried to go to some
internal university administrators.
internal university administrators.
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I onda je Mary probala otići
nekim od sveučilišnih administratora.
nekim od sveučilišnih administratora.
05:04
And they didn't do anything.
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I oni nisu reagirali.
05:06
So, what happens when nobody listens?
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I što se dogodi kad nitko ne sluša?
05:08
You blog.
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Objavite to na blogu.
05:10
So Mary decided to develop a blog.
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Tako je Mary odlučila napraviti blog.
05:12
Her blog went viral within 24 hours,
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Njen blog je postao viralan
unutar prva 24 sata,
unutar prva 24 sata,
05:14
and she was contacted by a reporter.
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i kontaktirao ju je novinar.
05:17
Now, when she was contacted
by this reporter,
by this reporter,
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Kad ju je kontaktirao taj novinar,
05:19
her identity was known.
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otkirven joj je identitet.
05:21
She was exposed.
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Bila je izložena.
05:22
And when she was exposed,
she received a demotion,
she received a demotion,
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I kad je bila izložena,
profesionalno je nazadovala,
profesionalno je nazadovala,
05:26
death threats, over collegiate sports.
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primala je prijetnje smrću,
zbog akademskih sportova.
zbog akademskih sportova.
05:30
Mary didn't do anything wrong.
She didn't participate in the fraud.
She didn't participate in the fraud.
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Mary nije napravila ništa krivo.
Nije sudjelovala u prevari.
Nije sudjelovala u prevari.
05:34
She really thought
that she was giving voice
that she was giving voice
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Mislila je da daje glas
05:36
to students that were voiceless.
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studentima koji ga nisu imali.
05:38
But her loyalty was questioned.
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Ali njena odanost je postala upitna.
05:41
Her trustworthiness and her motives.
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Njena vjerodostojnost i njeni motivi.
05:45
Now, whistle-blowing
doesn't always have to end
doesn't always have to end
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Otkrivanje ovakih stvari ne mora završiti
05:48
in demotions or death threats.
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profesionalnim nazadovanjem
ili prijetnjama smrću.
ili prijetnjama smrću.
05:50
Actually, in 2002, this was
the cover of "Time" magazine,
the cover of "Time" magazine,
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U 2002., naslovnica "Time" časopisa
05:54
where we were actually honoring
three brave whistle-blowers
three brave whistle-blowers
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je odavala počast tri hrabra zviždača
05:57
for their decision to come forward
in the name of the truth.
in the name of the truth.
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zbog njihovih odluka
da istupe u ime istine.
da istupe u ime istine.
06:00
And when you look at the research,
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I kada pogledate istraživanja,
06:02
22 percent of whistle-blowers
actually report retaliation.
actually report retaliation.
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22% zviždača prijave osvetu.
06:06
So there is a huge population of people
that report and are not retaliated against
that report and are not retaliated against
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Dakle postoji ogromna populacija ljudi
koji prijave i nitko im se ne osveti
koji prijave i nitko im se ne osveti
06:11
and that gives me hope.
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i to mi daje nadu.
06:14
So this is Kathe.
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Ovo je Kathe.
06:15
Kathe Swanson is a retired city clerk
from the city of Dixon.
from the city of Dixon.
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Kathe Swanson je
umirovljena gradska službenica iz Dixona.
umirovljena gradska službenica iz Dixona.
06:20
And one day, Kathe was doing her job,
just like she always did,
just like she always did,
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Jednog dana, Kathe je obavljala
svoj posao, kao i svakog,
svoj posao, kao i svakog,
06:24
and she stumbled upon
a pretty interesting case.
a pretty interesting case.
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i naišla je na jedan
poprilično zanimljiv slučaj.
poprilično zanimljiv slučaj.
06:27
See, Kathe was at the end of the month,
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Kathe je bila na kraju mjeseca
06:29
and she was doing
her treasures report for the city,
her treasures report for the city,
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i obrađivala je
izvještaje gradskih blagajnika
izvještaje gradskih blagajnika
06:32
and typically, her boss, Rita Crundwell,
gave her a list of accounts and said,
gave her a list of accounts and said,
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i inače, njena šefica, Rita Crundwell
joj da popis računa i kaže:
joj da popis računa i kaže:
06:36
"Kathe, call the bank
and get these specific accounts."
and get these specific accounts."
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"Kathe, zovi banku i uzmi ove račune."
06:39
And Kathe did her job.
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I Kathe je odradila svoj posao.
06:41
But this particular day,
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Ali ovog dana,
06:42
Rita was out of town, and Kathe was busy.
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Rita je bila izvan grada,
a Kathe prezaposlena.
a Kathe prezaposlena.
06:45
She picks up the phone, she calls the bank
and says, "Fax me all of the accounts."
and says, "Fax me all of the accounts."
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Uzela je telefon, nazvala banku i tražila
da joj pošalju sve račune.
da joj pošalju sve račune.
06:50
And when she gets the fax,
she sees that there is an account
she sees that there is an account
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I kada su stigli vidjela je
da ima jedan račun
da ima jedan račun
06:53
that has some withdrawals
and deposits in it
and deposits in it
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koji ima isplate i uplate
06:55
that she did not know about.
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o kojima ona nije ništa znala.
06:57
It was an account controlled only by Rita.
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To je bio račun kojeg je
samo Rita kontrolirala.
samo Rita kontrolirala.
07:00
So Kathe looked at the information,
she reported it to her direct supervisor,
she reported it to her direct supervisor,
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I Kathe je pogledala informacije,
i prijavila svom nadležnom,
i prijavila svom nadležnom,
07:04
which was then-mayor Burke,
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tadašnjem gradonačelniku Burkeu,
07:06
and this led into a huge investigation,
a six-month investigation.
a six-month investigation.
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i to je dovelo do ogromne,
šetomjesečne istrage.
šetomjesečne istrage.
07:11
Come to find out, Kathe's boss,
Rita Crundwell, was embezzling money.
Rita Crundwell, was embezzling money.
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Ispostavilo se da je Rita Crundwell
pronevjerila novac.
pronevjerila novac.
07:16
Rita was embezzling 53 million dollars
over a 20-year period,
over a 20-year period,
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Rita je pronevjerila 53 milijuna dolara
preko 20 godina
preko 20 godina
07:21
and Kathe just happened
to stumble upon it.
to stumble upon it.
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i Kathe je sasvim slučajno
naletjela na to.
naletjela na to.
07:25
Kathe is a hero.
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Kathe je junakinja.
07:28
And actually, I had the opportunity
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I ustvari, imala sam priliku
07:29
of interviewing Kathe for my documentary,
"All the Queen's Horses."
"All the Queen's Horses."
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intervijuirati Kathe za moj dokumentarac
"All the Queen's Horses".
"All the Queen's Horses".
07:33
And Kathe wasn't seeking fame.
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Kathe nije tražila slavu.
07:35
In fact, she really didn't want
to talk to me for a really long time,
to talk to me for a really long time,
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Ustvari,
nije htjela pričati sa mnom jako dugo,
nije htjela pričati sa mnom jako dugo,
07:39
but through strategic stalking,
she ended up doing the interview.
she ended up doing the interview.
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ali kroz strateško uhođenje,
na kraju je odradila intervju.
na kraju je odradila intervju.
07:42
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
07:43
But she was seeking fairness, not fame.
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Ali tražila je pravdu, ne slavu.
07:45
And if it wasn't for Kathe,
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I da nije bilo Kathe
07:47
who's to say this fraud
would have ever been discovered?
would have ever been discovered?
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tko kaže
da bi se ova prevara ikada otkrila?
da bi se ova prevara ikada otkrila?
07:51
So, remember that "Forbes" article
I was talking about,
I was talking about,
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Sjetite se onog "Forbes" članka
o kojem sam pričala,
o kojem sam pričala,
07:53
that I was working on before my lecture?
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na kojem sam radila prije predavanja?
07:55
Well, I posted it and something
really fantastic happened.
really fantastic happened.
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Objavila sam ga i nešto
zaista čudesno se dogodilo.
zaista čudesno se dogodilo.
07:59
I started receiving emails
from whistle-blowers all over the world.
from whistle-blowers all over the world.
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Počela sam primati mailove
od zviždača po cijelom svijetu.
od zviždača po cijelom svijetu.
08:04
And as I was receiving these emails
and responding back to them,
and responding back to them,
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I primala sam te mailove
i odgovarala na njih
i odgovarala na njih
08:07
there was a common theme
in the message that I received,
in the message that I received,
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i postojala je zajednička tema
u porukama koje sam dobila,
u porukama koje sam dobila,
08:10
and this is what it was:
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i to je bilo:
08:11
they all said this, "I blew the whistle,
people really hate me now.
people really hate me now.
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Svi su rekli ovo:" Iznio sam istinu,
ljudi me sad jako mrze.
ljudi me sad jako mrze.
08:15
I got fired, but guess what?
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Dobio sam otkaz, ali znate šta?
08:18
I would do it all over again if I could."
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Ponovio big sve da mogu."
08:21
And so as I kept reading this message,
all these messages,
all these messages,
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I dok sam čitala ovu poruku, i sve poruke,
08:24
I wanted to think,
what could I share with my students?
what could I share with my students?
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mislila sam,
što mogu podjeliti sa svojim studentima?
što mogu podjeliti sa svojim studentima?
08:27
And so, I pulled it all together
and this is what I learned.
and this is what I learned.
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Iz svega toga sam ovo naučila.
08:31
It's important for us to cultivate hope.
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Važno je uzgajati nadu.
08:34
Whistle-blowers are hopeful.
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Zviždači su puni nade.
08:36
Despite popular belief,
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Protivno popularnom vjerovanju,
08:37
they're not all disgruntled employees
that have a beef with the company.
that have a beef with the company.
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nisu svi bijesni zaposlenici
koji su ljuti na tvrtku.
koji su ljuti na tvrtku.
08:42
Their hopefulness really is
what drives them to come forward.
what drives them to come forward.
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Njihova nada je ono što
ih tjera da istupe.
ih tjera da istupe.
08:46
We also have to cultivate commitment.
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Trebamo uzgajati i predanost.
08:48
Whistle-blowers are committed.
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Zviždači su predani.
08:50
And it's that passion
to their organization
to their organization
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I ta strast
08:53
that makes them want to come forward.
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je ono što ih tjera da istupe.
08:55
Whistle-blowers are humble.
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Zviždači su skromni.
08:57
Again, they're not seeking fame,
but they are seeking fairness.
but they are seeking fairness.
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Ponavljam, ne traže slavu,
traže poštenje.
traže poštenje.
09:01
And we need to continue
to cultivate bravery.
to cultivate bravery.
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I trebamo nastaviti
uzgajati hrabrost.
uzgajati hrabrost.
09:04
Whistle-blowers are brave.
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Zviždači su hrabri.
09:05
Often, they underestimated
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Često podcjenjuju
09:09
the impact whistle-blowing
had on their family,
had on their family,
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utjecaj cinkanja na njihove obitelji,
09:12
but what they continue to comment on
is how hard it is to withhold the truth.
is how hard it is to withhold the truth.
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ali nastavljaju komentirati kako je teško
zadržati istinu.
zadržati istinu.
09:17
With that, I want to leave you
with one additional name:
with one additional name:
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Želim vas ostaviti sa još jednim imenom:
09:20
Peter Buxtun.
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Peter Buxtun.
09:23
Peter Buxtun was a 27-year-old
employee for the US Public Health Service.
employee for the US Public Health Service.
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Peter Buxtun je bio 27-godišnji
zaposlenik Državnog Zdravstva SAD-a.
zaposlenik Državnog Zdravstva SAD-a.
09:29
And he was hired to interview people
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Zaposlen je da intervjuira ljude
09:33
that had sexually transmitted diseases.
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koji imaju seksualno prenosive bolesti.
09:35
And through the course of his work,
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I kroz njegov rad,
09:37
he noticed a clinical study
that was going on within the organization.
that was going on within the organization.
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primjetio je kliničko istraživanje
koje je organizacija provodila.
koje je organizacija provodila.
09:41
And it was a study that was looking
at the progression of untreated syphilis.
at the progression of untreated syphilis.
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To je bilo istraživanje koje je proučavalo
napredovanje neliječenog sifilisa.
napredovanje neliječenog sifilisa.
09:45
And so, there were
600 African American males
600 African American males
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I tako, 600 muškaraca,
Afro-Amerikanaca je sudjelovalo
Afro-Amerikanaca je sudjelovalo
09:48
that were in this study.
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u ovom istraživanju.
09:49
They were enticed into the study
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Oni su bili namamljeni
09:51
through being given
free medical exams, burial insurance.
free medical exams, burial insurance.
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kroz besplatne preglede, plaćen pogreb.
09:55
And so, what happened
through the course of this study,
through the course of this study,
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Ono što se dogodilo
tijekom ovog istraživanja,
tijekom ovog istraživanja,
09:59
is penicillin was discovered
to help treat syphilis.
to help treat syphilis.
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je da je penicilin otkriven kao lijek
koji pomaže protiv sifilisa.
koji pomaže protiv sifilisa.
10:04
And what Peter noticed was,
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I Peter je otkrio
10:06
the participants in this study
were not given the penicillin
were not given the penicillin
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da sudionici ovog istraživanja
nisu dobili penicilin
nisu dobili penicilin
10:10
to treat their syphilis.
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da im liječi sifilis.
10:11
And the participants didn't know.
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A sudionici to nisu znali.
10:13
So similar to Mary, Peter tried to report
and talk to his internal supervisors,
and talk to his internal supervisors,
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Slično kao Mary, Peter je to probao
prijaviti i pričati sa svojim nadležnima,
prijaviti i pričati sa svojim nadležnima,
10:18
but no one listened.
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ali nitko ga nije saslušao.
10:20
And so Peter thought
this was completely unfair
this was completely unfair
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Peter je mislio da to nije uopće pošteno
10:22
and he tried to report again,
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i probao je prijaviti to opet,
10:24
and finally talked to a reporter --
very similar to Mary.
very similar to Mary.
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i napokon razgovarao sa novinarom --
slično kao Mary.
slično kao Mary.
10:28
And in 1972, this was the front page
of the "New York Times":
of the "New York Times":
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I 1972. ovo je dospjelo na naslovnicu
"New York Timesa":
"New York Timesa":
10:32
"Syphilis Victims in US Study
Went Untreated for 40 Years."
Went Untreated for 40 Years."
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"Žrtve sifilisa u Američkom istraživanju
nisu primile liječenje 40 godina."
nisu primile liječenje 40 godina."
10:37
This is known to us today
as the Tuskegee syphilis experiment.
as the Tuskegee syphilis experiment.
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Ovo je danas nama poznato kao
Tuskegee ekperiment sifilisa.
Tuskegee ekperiment sifilisa.
10:42
And Peter was the whistle-blower.
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I Peter je bio zviždač.
10:44
What happened to the 600 men,
you may wonder, the 600 original men?
you may wonder, the 600 original men?
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Što se dogodilo 600 muškaraca,
možda se pitate, tih 600 muškaraca?
možda se pitate, tih 600 muškaraca?
10:48
Twenty eight men died from syphilis.
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28 muškaraca je umrlo od sifilisa.
10:51
One hundred died
from syphilis complications,
from syphilis complications,
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Stotinu ljudi je umrlo
od komplikacija sifilisa,
od komplikacija sifilisa,
10:54
forty wives were infected
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40 žena je bilo zaraženo
10:56
and 10 children were born
with congenital syphilis.
with congenital syphilis.
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i 10 djece rođeno sa
urođenim sifilisom.
urođenim sifilisom.
10:59
Who's to say what these numbers would be
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Tko bi mogao reći koliki bi ti brojevi bili
11:01
if it wasn't for the brave,
courageous act of Peter?
courageous act of Peter?
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da nije bilo hrabrog Petera?
11:05
We're all connected to Peter, actually.
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Svi smo povezani sa Peterom, ustvari.
11:08
If you know anybody
that's in a clinical trial,
that's in a clinical trial,
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Ako znate ikog
tko je u kliničkom istraživanju,
tko je u kliničkom istraživanju,
11:10
the reason why we have
informed consent today
informed consent today
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razlog zbog kojeg
imamo izjavu suglasnosti
imamo izjavu suglasnosti
11:14
is because of Peter's courageous act.
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je zbog tog Peterovo hrabrog čina.
11:17
So let me ask you a question.
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Dopustite mi da vam postavim pitanje.
11:18
That original question,
a variation of the original question.
a variation of the original question.
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To pitanje, varijaciju tog pitanja.
11:21
How many of us have ever used the term
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Koliko nas je koristilo izraz
11:24
snitch, rat
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cinkaroš, štakor,
11:27
tattletale,
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tužibaba,
11:29
snake,
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zmija,
11:31
weasel,
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lasica
11:32
leak?
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izdajica?
11:34
Anybody?
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Itko?
11:39
Before you get the urge to do that again,
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Prije nego dobijete poriv da to ponovite,
11:42
I want you to think a little bit.
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želim da se malo zamislite.
11:44
It might be the Mary,
the Peter, the Kathes of the world.
the Peter, the Kathes of the world.
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Možda su to Mary, Peter ili Kathe.
11:49
You might be the person
that could shape history,
that could shape history,
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Možda ste vi osoba
koja će oblikovati povijest
koja će oblikovati povijest
11:52
or they could be the person
that shapes yours.
that shapes yours.
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ili oni mogu biti osoba koja oblikuje vašu.
11:55
Thank you.
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Hvala.
11:56
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Kelly Richmond Pope - Fraud researcher, documentary filmmakerKelly Richmond Pope researches organizational misconduct, ethics and fraud.
Why you should listen
Kelly Richmond Pope is an Associate Professor in the School of Accountancy and MIS at DePaul University where her research focuses on how organizations design cultures and compliance systems to confront the challenges of organizational misconduct, ethics and fraud. She also teaches in executive education programs at the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University and the Quilan School of Business at Loyola University.
Pope's research on organizational misconduct culminated into directing and producing the award-winning documentary, All the Queen's Horses in 2017. Renowned Chicago Sun-Times film critic Richard Roeper cites "kudos to director Kelly Richmond Pope for applying just the right mix of 'What the heck?' whimsy and respectful, serious reporting to this incredible tale." All the Queen's Horses explores the largest municipal fraud in United States history and premiered as the #1 documentary on iTunes, Amazon Prime Video, Google Play and Direct TV during its debut week on the video on demand platforms in April 2018.
At the organizational level, Pope examines factors that encourage employees to whistle-blow as well as the ethical decision-making process. This research has been published in leading accounting and business ethics journals and resulted in being selected to develop a TED-Ed lesson entitled "How people rationalize fraud."
Pope is a popular keynote speaker and frequently advises firms about their compliance programs and training. She is regularly invited to speak to regulators, including the Department of Justice, Securities and Exchange Commission, PCAOB, Internal Revenue Service-Criminal Investigations and the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
Prior to joining the faculty at DePaul University, Pope worked in the forensic accounting practice at KPMG. She received her doctorate in accounting from Virginia Tech and is a licensed certified public accountant.
Kelly Richmond Pope | Speaker | TED.com