TED2008
Siegfried Woldhek: The search for the true face of Leonardo
ジークフリード・ウォルドヘック：レオナルド・ダ・ヴィンチの本当の顔
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モナリザは世界で一番よく知られている顔です。でもレオナルド・ダ・ヴィンチの顔が分かりますか？ イラストレーター、ジークフリード・ウォルドヘックは、彼がレオナルド本人の顔と信じているものを見つけるのに、思慮深い画像の分析技術を使いました。
Siegfried Woldhek - Illustrator
Siegfried Woldhek knows faces -- he's drawn more than 1,100 of them. Using sophisticated image analysis and his own skills as an artist, he's come up with a fascinating discovery about Leonardo Da Vinci. Full bio
Siegfried Woldhek knows faces -- he's drawn more than 1,100 of them. Using sophisticated image analysis and his own skills as an artist, he's come up with a fascinating discovery about Leonardo Da Vinci. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Good morning.
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おはようございます
00:14
Let's look for a minute at the greatest icon of all, Leonardo da Vinci.
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これからしばらく、万能の天才、レオナルド・ダ・ヴィンチについて見ていきましょう
00:19
We're all familiar with his fantastic work --
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我々は皆、彼の素晴らしい作品をよく知っています
00:22
his drawings, his paintings, his inventions, his writings.
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彼の素描、油絵、発明、著述などについてです
00:25
But we do not know his face.
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しかし彼の顔は知りません
00:27
Thousands of books have been written about him,
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彼についての著作が何千冊もありますが
00:30
but there's controversy, and it remains, about his looks.
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彼の容貌については異説があり、いまも未解決です
00:34
Even this well-known portrait is not accepted by many art historians.
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このよく知られた肖像画でさえ、歴史家は受け入れていません
00:39
So, what do you think?
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あなたはどう思いますか？
00:41
Is this the face of Leonardo da Vinci or isn't it?
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これはレオナルドの顔でしょうか？ それとも違う？
00:44
Let's find out.
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調べてみましょう
00:47
Leonardo was a man that drew everything around him.
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レオナルドは、周囲のあらゆるものを描きました
00:50
He drew people, anatomy, plants, animals, landscapes, buildings, water, everything.
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人物、解剖、植物、動物、風景、建物、水、なにもかもです
00:58
But no faces?
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しかし顔は無い？
01:00
I find that hard to believe.
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信じられないことでした
01:02
His contemporaries made faces, like the ones you see here --
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彼の同時代人たちは、ご覧のように顔を描いています
01:05
en face or three-quarters.
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正面、あるいは斜めからです
01:07
So, surely a passionate drawer like Leonardo
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情熱的な絵描きであったレオナルドもきっと
01:10
must have made self-portraits from time to time.
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時々は自画像を描いたに違いありません
01:14
So let's try to find them.
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それを見つけてみましょう
01:16
I think that if we were to scan all of his work
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もしも彼の作品を全部スキャンし
01:19
and look for self-portraits, we would find his face looking at us.
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自画像を探せば、彼の顔はこちらを向いているはずです
01:23
So I looked at all of his drawings, more than 700,
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そこで私は彼の絵を700以上調べ
01:27
and looked for male portraits.
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男性の肖像を探しました
01:30
There are about 120, you see them here.
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それらは120ほどあり、ここに見えます
01:33
Which ones of these could be self-portraits?
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このうちどれが自画像でしょうか？
01:35
Well, for that they have to be done as we just saw, en face or three-quarters.
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自画像は、自分を見ながら描かなくてはならず、正面か斜めからになります
01:40
So we can eliminate all the profiles.
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そこで横顔は全て外します
01:43
It also has to be sufficiently detailed.
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また、十分に描き込まれている必要があります
01:45
So we can also eliminate the ones that are very vague or very stylized.
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そこで、ぼんやりした絵とか過度に様式化されたものは省きます
01:51
And we know from his contemporaries
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そして、彼の同時代人によれば
01:53
that Leonardo was a very handsome, even beautiful man.
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彼は非常に顔立ちがよく、美男子でさえあったとのこと
01:56
So we can also eliminate the ugly ones or the caricatures.
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そこで醜い顔と戯画も外します
02:00
(Laughter)
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（笑）
02:01
And look what happens -- only three candidates remain that fit the bill.
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するとどうでしょう 当てはまる絵は3つしか残らないのです
02:06
And here they are.
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これがそうです
02:08
Yes, indeed, the old man is there,
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もちろん、あの老人もありますし
02:10
as is this famous pen drawing of the Homo Vitruvianus.
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有名なウィトルウィウス的人体図もあります
02:13
And lastly, the only portrait of a male that Leonardo painted, "The Musician."
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そして最後にレオナルド唯一の男性肖像画「音楽家の肖像」も残ります
02:18
Before we go into these faces,
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これらの吟味に入る前に
02:20
I should explain why I have some right to talk about them.
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なぜ私にこの事について話す権利があるかを説明します
02:23
I've made more than 1,100 portraits myself
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私は自身で1100枚以上の肖像画を描いています
02:27
for newspapers, over the course of 300 -- 30 years, sorry, 30 years only.
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新聞紙上に、300年―失礼、30年にわたってです
02:31
(Laughter)
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（笑）
02:32
But there are 1,100, and very few artists have drawn so many faces.
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とにかく1100枚 こんなに描いた画家はわずかしかいません
02:37
So I know a little about drawing and analyzing faces.
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だから私は顔を描き分析することをいくらかは知っています
02:40
OK, now let's look at these three portraits.
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オーケー、それでこの3枚を見ていきましょう
02:43
And hold onto your seats, because if we zoom in on those faces,
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よく見ていて下さい これらの顔の細部を見ていくと
02:46
remark how they have the same broad forehead, the horizontal eyebrows,
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同じように広い額、水平な眉毛、
02:50
the long nose, the curved lips and the small, well-developed chin.
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長い鼻、カーブした唇と、小さくてよく発達したアゴが共通しているのがわかります
02:53
I couldn't believe my eyes when I first saw that.
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最初にこれを見たときは自分の目が信じられませんでした
02:56
There is no reason why these portraits should look alike.
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これらの絵が互いに似ていなくてはならない理由がないのです
02:58
All we did was look for portraits that had the characteristics of a self-portrait,
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ただ自画像の特徴を持つ絵を探しただけで
03:02
and look, they are very similar.
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見て下さい、こんなに似通っている
03:04
Now, are they made in the right order?
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順番は正しいでしょうか？
03:07
The young man should be made first.
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若い男が最初に描かれたはずです
03:09
And as you see here from the years that they were created,
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そしてこれらの絵の制作年代をみれば
03:11
it is indeed the case.
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まさしくその通りとわかります
03:13
They are made in the right order.
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正しい順番に描かれています
03:15
What was the age of Leonardo at the time? Does that fit?
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当時レオナルドは何歳だったか？ 絵と合うか？
03:17
Yes, it does. He was 33, 38 and 63 when these were made.
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合うんです この時彼の歳は33，38，63歳だったはずです
03:20
So we have three pictures, potentially of the same person
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つまりここに同一人物かもしれない3枚の絵があるわけです
03:24
of the same age as Leonardo at the time.
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レオナルドと同じ年齢のです
03:26
But how do we know it's him, and not someone else?
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でもこれが他人ではなくレオナルドだと、どうしてわかるのでしょう？
03:29
Well, we need a reference.
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照合資料がいりますね
03:31
And here's the only picture of Leonardo that's widely accepted.
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そして、これがレオナルド本人と広く認められている写真です
03:35
It's a statue made by Verrocchio, of David,
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これはベロッキョ工房が制作したダビデ像で
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for which Leonardo posed as a boy of 15.
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15歳のレオナルドがモデルと言われています
03:40
And if we now compare the face of the statue,
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そしてこの銅像の顔を、音楽家の
03:43
with the face of the musician, you see the very same features again.
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肖像と比べると、特徴が非常に似ているのが分かります
03:47
The statue is the reference, and it connects the identity of Leonardo
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銅像が照合資料で、それによってこの三枚の絵とレオナルドの特徴が
03:50
to those three faces.
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結びつくのです
03:52
Ladies and gentlemen, this story has not yet been published.
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紳士淑女の皆様、この話はまだ公開されていません
03:57
It's only proper that you here at TED hear and see it first.
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ここTEDにいる皆さんが最初に知るのにふさわしいのです
04:00
The icon of icons finally has a face.
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偶像の中の偶像が、初めて顔を持ちました
04:03
Here he is: Leonardo da Vinci.
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こちらです―レオナルド・ダ・ヴィンチ
04:05
(Applause)
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（拍手）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Siegfried Woldhek - IllustratorSiegfried Woldhek knows faces -- he's drawn more than 1,100 of them. Using sophisticated image analysis and his own skills as an artist, he's come up with a fascinating discovery about Leonardo Da Vinci.
Why you should listen
The work of illustrator Siegfried Woldhek is a familiar sight in the European press. His witty pen and sharp eye for faces helps him capture political and literary figures in his home country, the Netherlands, and around the world (he estimates he's drawn 1,100 faces). He's also an accomplished illustrator of nature, and was the longtime CEO of the Dutch branch of the World Wildlife Fund.
Woldhek is the founder of nabuur.com, "the global neighbor network." On nabuur.com, villages in developing communities can connect with volunteers and resources online throughout the world -- sort of a Match.com that pairs communities with the people who'd like to get involved.
Siegfried Woldhek | Speaker | TED.com