TED2008
Siegfried Woldhek: The search for the true face of Leonardo
Siegfried Woldhek ne arată cum a găsit adevărata faţă a lui Leonardo
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Mona Lisa este unul dintre cele mai cunoscute chipuri de pe planetă. Dar puteţi recunoaşte imaginea lui Leonardo da Vinci? Graficianul Siegfried Woldhek foloseşte nişte tehnici minuțioase de analiză a imaginilor pentru a descoperi adevărata faţă a lui Leonardo.
Siegfried Woldhek - Illustrator
Siegfried Woldhek knows faces -- he's drawn more than 1,100 of them. Using sophisticated image analysis and his own skills as an artist, he's come up with a fascinating discovery about Leonardo Da Vinci. Full bio
Siegfried Woldhek knows faces -- he's drawn more than 1,100 of them. Using sophisticated image analysis and his own skills as an artist, he's come up with a fascinating discovery about Leonardo Da Vinci. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Good morning.
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Bună dimineaţa.
00:14
Let's look for a minute at the greatest icon of all, Leonardo da Vinci.
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Să analizăm pentru o secundă o mare personalitate: Leonardo da Vinci.
00:19
We're all familiar with his fantastic work --
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Suntem cu toţii familiari cu munca sa fantastică:
00:22
his drawings, his paintings, his inventions, his writings.
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desene, picturi, invenţii, scrieri,
00:25
But we do not know his face.
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dar nu îi cunoaştem chipul.
00:27
Thousands of books have been written about him,
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Mii de cărţi au fost scrise despre el,
00:30
but there's controversy, and it remains, about his looks.
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dar adevărata sa înfăţişare a stârnit multe controverse.
00:34
Even this well-known portrait is not accepted by many art historians.
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Nici acest binecunoscut portret nu e acceptat de mulţi istorici de artă.
00:39
So, what do you think?
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Deci ce credeţi?
00:41
Is this the face of Leonardo da Vinci or isn't it?
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E aceasta faţa lui Leonardo da Vinci sau nu?
00:44
Let's find out.
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Să vedem.
00:47
Leonardo was a man that drew everything around him.
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Leonardo era un om care desena totul din jurul lui.
00:50
He drew people, anatomy, plants, animals, landscapes, buildings, water, everything.
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Desena oameni, anatomie, plante, animale, peisaje, clădiri, apă, totul.
00:58
But no faces?
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Dar nicio faţă?
01:00
I find that hard to believe.
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E greu de crezut.
01:02
His contemporaries made faces, like the ones you see here --
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Contemporanii lui desenau portrete ca cele pe care le vedeţi aici.
01:05
en face or three-quarters.
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Din faţă sau profil 3/4.
01:07
So, surely a passionate drawer like Leonardo
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Un pictor atât de pasionat ca Leonardo
01:10
must have made self-portraits from time to time.
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trebuie să fi făcut şi autoportrete din când în când.
01:14
So let's try to find them.
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Să încercăm să dăm de urma lor.
01:16
I think that if we were to scan all of his work
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Dacă vom căuta autoportrete prin toate operele lui,
01:19
and look for self-portraits, we would find his face looking at us.
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vom da cu siguranţă peste imaginea sa.
01:23
So I looked at all of his drawings, more than 700,
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Am analizat peste 700 din desenele sale
01:27
and looked for male portraits.
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şi am căutat portrete masculine.
01:30
There are about 120, you see them here.
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Sunt aprox. 120. Le vedeţi aici.
01:33
Which ones of these could be self-portraits?
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Care dintre acestea ar putea fi autoportrete ?
01:35
Well, for that they have to be done as we just saw, en face or three-quarters.
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Pentru asta, ar trebui să fie desenate din faţă sau 3/4.
01:40
So we can eliminate all the profiles.
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Aşa că le putem elimina pe cele din profil.
01:43
It also has to be sufficiently detailed.
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Mai trebuie să fie şi suficient de detaliate.
01:45
So we can also eliminate the ones that are very vague or very stylized.
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Aşa că le putem elimina pe cele vagi sau foarte stilizate.
01:51
And we know from his contemporaries
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Şi ştim de la contemporanii lui
01:53
that Leonardo was a very handsome, even beautiful man.
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că Leonardo era un bărbat foarte frumos.
01:56
So we can also eliminate the ugly ones or the caricatures.
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Aşa că îi putem elimina pe cei urâţi sau caricaturile.
02:00
(Laughter)
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(Râsete)
02:01
And look what happens -- only three candidates remain that fit the bill.
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Priviţi ce se întâmplă: rămân doar trei candidaţi.
02:06
And here they are.
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Aceştia sunt.
02:08
Yes, indeed, the old man is there,
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Într-adevăr, bătrânul este printre ei,
02:10
as is this famous pen drawing of the Homo Vitruvianus.
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la fel ca această schiţă faimoasă a lui Homo Vitruvianos.
02:13
And lastly, the only portrait of a male that Leonardo painted, "The Musician."
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În sfârşit, singurul portret masculin pictat de Leonardo: "Muzicianul".
02:18
Before we go into these faces,
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Înainte să analizăm aceste feţe,
02:20
I should explain why I have some right to talk about them.
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ar trebui să explic de ce sunt îndreptățit să vorbesc despre ele.
02:23
I've made more than 1,100 portraits myself
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Am făcut peste 1.100 de portrete
02:27
for newspapers, over the course of 300 -- 30 years, sorry, 30 years only.
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pentru ziare, doar în ultimii 300, pardon, 30 de ani.
02:31
(Laughter)
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(Râsete)
02:32
But there are 1,100, and very few artists have drawn so many faces.
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Dar sunt 1.100 şi foarte puţini artişti au desenat atâtea feţe.
02:37
So I know a little about drawing and analyzing faces.
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Aşa că ştiu câte ceva despre desen şi analiza feţelor.
02:40
OK, now let's look at these three portraits.
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Bine. Acum să analizăm aceste trei portrete.
02:43
And hold onto your seats, because if we zoom in on those faces,
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Țineţi-vă bine deoarece, dacă mărim aceste feţe,
02:46
remark how they have the same broad forehead, the horizontal eyebrows,
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observaţi cum au aceeaşi frunte lată, sprâncene orizontale,
02:50
the long nose, the curved lips and the small, well-developed chin.
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nas lung, buze arcuite şi o bărbie mică şi bine dezvoltată.
02:53
I couldn't believe my eyes when I first saw that.
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Nu mi-a venit să cred când am văzut asta.
02:56
There is no reason why these portraits should look alike.
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Aceste portrete nu au de ce să fie asemănătoare.
02:58
All we did was look for portraits that had the characteristics of a self-portrait,
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Noi am căutat doar portretele care aveau caracteristicile unui autoportret,
03:02
and look, they are very similar.
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şi chiar sunt foarte asemănătoare.
03:04
Now, are they made in the right order?
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Au fost făcute în ordinea corectă?
03:07
The young man should be made first.
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Tânărul trebuie să fie primul.
03:09
And as you see here from the years that they were created,
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Potrivit anului în care a fost desenat,
03:11
it is indeed the case.
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aşa şi este.
03:13
They are made in the right order.
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Desenele sunt în ordinea corectă.
03:15
What was the age of Leonardo at the time? Does that fit?
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Ce vârstă avea Leonardo la acea dată? Se potriveşte?
03:17
Yes, it does. He was 33, 38 and 63 when these were made.
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Da. Avea 33, 38 şi 63 de ani când au fost făcute.
03:20
So we have three pictures, potentially of the same person
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Aşa că avem trei desene, probabil ale aceleiaşi persoane,
03:24
of the same age as Leonardo at the time.
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care avea aceeaşi vârstă ca Leonardo.
03:26
But how do we know it's him, and not someone else?
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Dar de unde ştim că e el şi nu altcineva?
03:29
Well, we need a reference.
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Ei bine, avem nevoie de un punct de referinţă.
03:31
And here's the only picture of Leonardo that's widely accepted.
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Asta e singura imagine a lui Leonardo, universal acceptată.
03:35
It's a statue made by Verrocchio, of David,
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E o statuie a lui David, făcută de Verrocchio,
03:38
for which Leonardo posed as a boy of 15.
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pentru care Leonardo a pozat la 15 ani.
03:40
And if we now compare the face of the statue,
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Dacă comparăm acum faţa statuii
03:43
with the face of the musician, you see the very same features again.
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cu faţa muzicianului, se văd din nou aceleaşi trăsături.
03:47
The statue is the reference, and it connects the identity of Leonardo
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Statuia e punctul de referinţă.
Face legătura între identitatea lui Leonardo
Face legătura între identitatea lui Leonardo
03:50
to those three faces.
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şi cele trei feţe.
03:52
Ladies and gentlemen, this story has not yet been published.
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Doamnelor şi domnilor, această poveste n-a fost încă publicată.
03:57
It's only proper that you here at TED hear and see it first.
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Mi se pare corect ca cei de la TED s-o audă primii.
04:00
The icon of icons finally has a face.
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Personalitatea tuturor timpurilor are în sfârşit o faţă.
04:03
Here he is: Leonardo da Vinci.
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Acesta este Leonardo da Vinci.
04:05
(Applause)
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(Aplauze)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Siegfried Woldhek - IllustratorSiegfried Woldhek knows faces -- he's drawn more than 1,100 of them. Using sophisticated image analysis and his own skills as an artist, he's come up with a fascinating discovery about Leonardo Da Vinci.
Why you should listen
The work of illustrator Siegfried Woldhek is a familiar sight in the European press. His witty pen and sharp eye for faces helps him capture political and literary figures in his home country, the Netherlands, and around the world (he estimates he's drawn 1,100 faces). He's also an accomplished illustrator of nature, and was the longtime CEO of the Dutch branch of the World Wildlife Fund.
Woldhek is the founder of nabuur.com, "the global neighbor network." On nabuur.com, villages in developing communities can connect with volunteers and resources online throughout the world -- sort of a Match.com that pairs communities with the people who'd like to get involved.
Siegfried Woldhek | Speaker | TED.com