Robert Waldinger: What makes a good life? Lessons from the longest study on happiness
ロバート・ウォールディンガー: 人生を幸せにするのは何? 最も長期に渡る幸福の研究から
Robert Waldinger is the Director of the Harvard Study of Adult Development, one of the most comprehensive longitudinal studies in history. Full bio
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健康で幸福にしてくれるのは
and your energy?
何に使いますか?
most important life goals were,
何かと訊ねました
was to get rich.
富を蓄える事で
of those same young adults
to lean in to work, to push harder
もっと成果を出すようにと
are the things that we need to go after
そうする必要があると
and how those choices work out for them,
描いて行くかを予測するなんて
are almost impossible to get.
to remember the past,
思い出してもらう事で分かりますが
is anything but 20/20.
あまり頼りにはなりません
of what happens to us in life,
膨大な量は忘れ去られ
is downright creative.
記憶さえあります
展開されるのを 観察しながら
from the time that they were teenagers
happy and healthy?
探索しようと始めたのが
of adult life that's ever been done.
成人を追跡した研究です
the lives of 724 men,
their home lives, their health,
健康などを記録しました
without knowing how their life stories
彼らの人生がどう展開するかは
fall apart within a decade
頓挫してしまいます
drop out of the study,
プロジェクトを降りてしまう
further down the field.
進行が止まってしまうからです
of several generations of researchers,
根気強さのお陰で
参加してもらっています
of two groups of men.
追跡しています
at Harvard College.
during World War II,
to serve in the war.
from Boston's poorest neighborhoods,
育った少年達が
from some of the most troubled
many without hot and cold running water.
彼らの殆どが住んでいました
and we interviewed their parents.
ご両親達もインタビューしました
grew up into adults
and bricklayers and doctors,
レンガ職人や医師になったり
A few developed schizophrenia.
統合失調症になった人もいます
all the way to the very top,
in the opposite direction.
辿って行った人もいるのです
standing here today, 75 years later,
the study still continues.
こうして話しているなんて
and dedicated research staff
忍耐強い研究スタッフが
and asks them if we can send them
彼らの生活に関しての
about their lives.
男性の多くはこう問い返します
My life just isn't that interesting."
俺の生活は面白くもないだろう」
決して出ない質問です
of these lives,
仕事ではありません
from their doctors.
医療記録も手に入れます
about their deepest concerns.
話し合っている所を撮影します
we finally asked the wives
研究参加をとお願いすると
as members of the study,
"You know, it's about time."
from the tens of thousands of pages
何万ページにもなる情報から
or fame or working harder and harder.
無我夢中で働く事でもなく
from this 75-year study is this:
はっきりと分かった事は
happier and healthier. Period.
良い人間関係に尽きるという事です
about relationships.
3つの大きな教訓がありました
are really good for us,
健康に本当に良いという事
who are more socially connected
and they live longer
繫がりの少ない人より
分かりました
turns out to be toxic.
研究結果が出たのです
than they want to be from others
生活している人は
than people who are not lonely.
寿命は短くなります
is that at any given time,
これから先 いつでも
will report that they're lonely.
孤独だと回答するでしょう
can be lonely in a crowd
結婚生活の中でも
the number of friends you have,
ものをいうのではなく
you're in a committed relationship,
有無でもないのです
of your close relationships that matters.
身近な人達との関係の質なのです
of conflict is really bad for our health.
健康に悪い事が分かっています
without much affection,
喧嘩の多い結婚は
perhaps worse than getting divorced.
恐らく離婚より悪いでしょう
warm relationships is protective.
人を保護します
all the way into their 80s,
into a happy, healthy octogenarian
everything we knew about them
彼らのデータを全て
cholesterol levels
関連性はなく
were going to grow old.
in their relationships.
予測される事が分かりました
in their relationships at age 50
seem to buffer us
クッションとなり
of getting old.
和らげてくれてるようです
幸福だと感じていた人達は
when they had more physical pain,
報告が出ています
in unhappy relationships,
reported more physical pain,
更に増幅されていました
about relationships and our health
分かった3つ目の大きな事は
don't just protect our bodies,
in a securely attached relationship
is protective,
その関係に守られています
on the other person in times of need,
本当に頼れる人がいる
stay sharper longer.
はっきりしています
can't count on the other one,
earlier memory decline.
they don't have to be smooth all the time.
波風がない訳ではありません
could bicker with each other
明けても暮れても小言を
かも知れませんが
could really count on the other
と感じている限り
on their memories.
という事はありませんでした
are good for our health and well-being,
私たちに益となっているという教えは
and so easy to ignore?
無視され易いのでしょう
and keep them that way.
大好きです
and they're complicated
to family and friends,
維持して行くのは至難の業です
死ぬまで続きます
who were the happiest in retirement
定年退職後 一番幸福な人は
to replace workmates with new playmates.
自ら進んで作った人達です
in that recent survey,
新世紀世代のように
were starting out as young adults
彼らが青年期に入った時
and high achievement
良い生活をするには
to have a good life.
本当に信じていましたが
our study has shown
繰り返し繰り返し示されたのは
the people who leaned in to relationships,
人間関係に頼った人々だという事した
コミュニティだったり様々です
or you're 40, or you're 60.
to relationships even look like?
どういう事なのかでしょうか?
are practically endless.
実際 無限にあります
as replacing screen time with people time
人と過ごす時間に充てる
by doing something new together,
何か新しい事をパートナーとする
who you haven't spoken to in years,
連絡を取るのも1つの方法です
from Mark Twain.
引用して終わります
heartburnings, callings to account.
責任を追及している時間などない
so to speak, for that."
with good relationships.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Robert Waldinger - Psychiatrist, psychoanalyst, Zen priestRobert Waldinger is the Director of the Harvard Study of Adult Development, one of the most comprehensive longitudinal studies in history.
Why you should listen
Robert Waldinger is a psychiatrist, psychoanalyst and Zen priest. He is Clinical Professor of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School and directs the Harvard Study of Adult Development, one of the longest-running studies of adult life ever done. The Study tracked the lives of two groups of men for over 75 years, and it now follows their Baby Boomer children to understand how childhood experience reaches across decades to affect health and wellbeing in middle age. He writes about what science and Zen can teach us about healthy human development.
Dr. Waldinger is the author of numerous scientific papers as well as two books. He teaches medical students and psychiatry residents at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, and he is a Senior Dharma Teacher in Boundless Way Zen.
To keep abreast of research findings, insights and more, visit robertwaldinger.com.
Robert Waldinger | Speaker | TED.com