Katie Hinde: What we don't know about mother's milk
ケイティー・ハインド: 私たちが母乳についてまだ知らないこと
Katie Hinde is studying breast milk’s status as the first superfood, providing babies with invaluable microbes custom-tailored to their individual needs, via an incredible and unlikely dialogue between the mother’s enzymes and the baby’s saliva. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
about how breastfeeding is free?
聞いたことはありませんか?
women's time and energy.
無視しているからに過ぎません
how much time and energy it takes
すごく手間暇がかかるんですよ
little cannibal.
自分の一部を共食いさせるんです
(Comparative Lactation Lab)で
理解するためです
to support mothers and babies.
おろそかにすることは
who loves mothers and babies:
みなさんをおろそかにする行為です
the grandparents, the aunties,
that make our human social networks.
人間社会を構成するみなさんです
simple solutions and simple slogans,
シンプルなスローガンをやめて
into that nuance very early,
直に出くわしました
with a journalist
取材を受けた時のことでした
breastfeed her baby?"
母乳を与えるべきですか?」
that brought me up short,
私は面食らいました
what she should do with her body.
なんて私は言いたくないからです
is food, medicine and signal.
役割を果たすからです
blocks for their bodies,
赤ちゃんの腸管に
the infant's intestinal tract.
that help fight pathogens
病原菌への抵抗力ができますし
that signal to the infant's body.
乳幼児の体の発達を促します
something in plain sight.
母乳に目を向けるのをやめました
homogenized, pasteurized,
規格化、均質化、滅菌、袋詰め —
flavored and formulated.
人工栄養と考えるようになりました
顧みなくなり
and biomedical research.
知的宝庫となっています
to search that database,
キーワード検索することができ
articles about pregnancy,
100万件近くヒットしますが
breast milk and lactation.
ずっと少数です
just investigating breast milk,
about coffee, wine and tomatoes.
よく研究されていることがわかります
about erectile dysfunction.
know about those things --
we should know about everything.
あらゆることを知るべきだと考えます
is adapted to consume --
最初に摂取する液体なのに —
have at least one child in her lifetime.
生涯に1人以上の子を授かります
babies are born each year.
新生児が生まれていることになります
deserve our best science.
that milk doesn't just grow the body,
ミルクが体の成長を促すだけではなく
and shapes neurodevelopment.
神経の発達を形成します
and baby saliva --
赤ちゃんの唾液が混ざると —
that produces hydrogen peroxide
過酸化水素が発生し
that the biological recipe of milk
生物学的に母乳の成分が
for sons or daughters.
分かり始めています
in the neonatal intensive care unit,
ドナーの母乳や市販の人工栄養に
and daughters may grow at different rates,
赤ちゃんの成長パターンや速度には
intend to breastfeed,
母乳を飲ませようとしますが
their breastfeeding goals.
達しない人も多いのです
like obesity, endocrine disorders,
肥満、内分泌障害、帝王切開、早産
biology of lactation.
knowledgeable clinical support.
医療支援を受けていません
and UNICEF established criteria
considered baby friendly --
基準を設けました
of support for mother-infant bonding
母子の絆と乳幼児の栄養摂取に対して
in the United States
生まれる赤ちゃんは 現在の米国では
with many problems
お母さんたちは
and weeks of lactation.
色々な問題に見舞われるからです
with establishing latch,
knowledgeable clinical staff
こういったプロセスを熟知する
grappling with these struggles,
お母さんたちから電話がかかります
to naturally be able to do.
自然にできるはずなのに
is evolutionarily ancient
or that we're instantly good at it.
できるようになるとは限りません
is evolutionarily ancient?
ご存知ですよね
to start out being good at it.
思っていませんよね
quality equitable care
誰にでも提供できるようにするには
lactation and breastfeeding.
that continuing education,
to cutting-edge research
and the social sciences,
連携させることが必要です
認識しなければならないのは
潜在的な偏見が
a new mother and her clinician.
溝を作ることです
is not intersectional,
多角的に行わなければ
お母さんは
do not provide paid parental leave,
有給の育児休暇が出ないので
as just a few days after giving birth.
ならないこともあるのです
mother and infant health
about breast milk to moms
the institutional support
母乳栄養を支える
that mother-infant bonding
議員を選出する —
and collective bargaining units,
組合の皆さんに言います
in the public health of our community,
社会全体の健康に深くかかわっています
to play in achieving it.
役割を担っているのです
of improving human health.
健康改善の一環です
early or sick or injured,
疾患や障害を持って生まれた場合
can be critically important.
非常に大きな意味を持つことがあります
環境、生態系、地域では
high risk of infectious disease,
like storms and earthquakes,
fed and hydrated.
栄養と水分の補給が続けられます
晒されている状況 例えば —
シリアのお母さんの立場なら
from the biggest global challenges.
地球規模の課題から 赤ちゃんを守れるのです
is not just about messaging to mothers
お母さんや政策立案者にメッセージを
what is important in breast milk
breastfeed for whatever reason.
しない選択をしたお母さんの助けになるんです
of moms raising their babies
多様な方法で 子育てをする
social and economic equality,
勝ち取るために奮闘している今こそ
core aspect of womanhood,
中核となる属性としてではなく
of what makes women awesome.
潜在的な可能性の一つとして捉え直すべきです
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Katie Hinde - Lactation researcherKatie Hinde is studying breast milk’s status as the first superfood, providing babies with invaluable microbes custom-tailored to their individual needs, via an incredible and unlikely dialogue between the mother’s enzymes and the baby’s saliva.
Why you should listen
Did you know mother's milk is older than dinosaurs? Or that the "biological recipe" of milk differs for sons and daughters? Or that milk doesn't just build babies but fuels them too? Mother's milk is the food, medicine and message that organize a baby's brain, body and behavior. What we take for granted in the grocery store dairy aisle has been shaped by hundreds of millions of years of natural selection. As scientists decode the mysteries of milk, we gain essential new tools for human health and well-being.
Scientist, writer and advocate, Katie Hinde, PhD, explores the dynamic interactions between mothers, milk, and infants. Author of dozens of essays and academic articles, Hinde situates her work at the intersection of the life sciences and social sciences to inform parents, clinicians and policy-makers about institutional and inter-personal support of mothers and babies. Hinde co-authored the book Building Babies and founded the science outreach blog, "Mammals Suck…Milk!"
Hinde earned a PhD in Anthropology at UCLA, completed post-doctoral training in neuroscience at the California National Primate Research Center, and then launched her faculty career in the Department of Human Evolutionary Biology at Harvard University. Now an Associate Professor, Hinde is the Director of the Comparative Lactation Lab in the Center for Evolution and Medicine and the School of Human Evolution and Social Change at Arizona State University.
Described as "The Milk Maven" in the inaugural Grist 50 list of "innovators, organizers and visionaries who will lead us toward a more sustainable future," Hinde's work was highlighted for tackling social justice in health and research. From considering how milk feeds microbes to researching how milk shapes infant behavior , her research has been featured in the New York Times, National Geographic, La Presse, Wall Street Journal, Quartz and more. Hinde has been recognized with Early Career Awards from the International Society for Research in Human Milk and Lactation and the American Society of Primatologists for making outstanding, original contributions to these fields as a young investigator.
Importantly, Hinde is dedicated to science outreach and building enthusiasm for animals, ecology and behavior. In 2013, Hinde created the annual March Mammal Madness, a month-long science outreach extravaganza that is used in hundreds of classrooms described by Deadspin Deputy Editor Barry Petchesky as "the only bracket you need."
Understanding milk can directly translate to more personalized clinical recommendations and health optimization for mothers and their infants as well as substantiate the importance of infrastructure and institutional support for breastfeeding. Further, identifying the composition and function of milk informs the formulation of more representative artificial breast milk for those mothers facing obstacles or contraindications to breastfeeding. Lastly, decoding mother's milk will allow for enhanced precision medicine for the most fragile infants and children in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units. Such integrative approaches to mother's milk take discoveries at the bench to applications at the bedside.
Katie Hinde | Speaker | TED.com