Melanie Nezer: The fundamental right to seek asylum
メラニー・ネザー: 「亡命」という基本的人権
Melanie Nezer is a national leader in efforts to inform and educate individuals, institutions, elected officials and communities about refugees and asylum seekers. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
from a woman named Ellie.
電話がかかってきました
separations at the southern border
親子引き離し問題のことを聞き
what she could do to help.
思ったのだそうです
of her grandfather and his father.
その父の話を教えてくれました
ポーランドにいたのですが
祖父の父親が
and told them to walk west,
西に向かうように言ったそうです
ヨーロッパを横断しろと—
west across Europe,
and they got to America.
the stories of the teens
南へ南へと歩いて来る
was her grandfather and his brother.
考えずにはいられなかったそうです
were exactly the same.
彼女は言いました
the Hassenfeld Brothers --
(ハッセンフェルド・ブラザース)」—
「Hasbro (ハズブロ)」
Mr. Potato Head.
世の中に送り出した企業です
I'm telling you this story.
それを伝えたいからではありません
because it made me think
考えさせられたからです
それほどの信念と
and I have three of them --
自分の子供達を
be safe where we were,
分かっていたとしても
at the southern US border,
弁護士の仕事を始めました
asylum seekers.
亡命希望者が相手でした
I've been at HIAS,
HIASという
for refugee rights around the world,
守るために戦うユダヤ系の団体で
is that, sometimes,
1つあげると
make us safer and stronger
言われながら 実はそうではないことが
have the opposite of the intended results
意図とは逆の結果を招き
and unnecessary suffering.
無用の苦しみをもたらしています
at our southern border?
南部の国境に来るのでしょうか?
that are coming to our southern border
移民や難民の大半は
Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador.
3ヶ国から逃れてきます
countries in the world.
in these countries,
安全を確保することや
for yourself and your family.
描くことなど 到底無理です
women and girls is pervasive.
絶えません
中南米の国々から
have been coming to our shores,
国境に来ているのです
1980年代の内戦から
was deeply involved.
there's been a spike in families,
家族が急増していること
showing up at checkpoints
国境の検問所に現れて
取り上げられていますが
as you see those images.
覚えておいてほしいことがあります
of interceptions at the southern border,
歴史的にみて それほど多い訳ではなく
themselves at checkpoints.
出頭しているということです
with the clothes on their backs;
やって来ること
powerful country in the world.
世界で最も強大な国だということ
of the destination country
with these questions
about their families
強いられる立場にある人々は
very different questions:
知りたいなら こうです
and in international law.
亡命は基本的人権です
1951年難民条約にあります
to the Holocaust
世界が出した答えであり
would we return people to countries
危険に侵され 殺害される恐れのある人たちを
意志の表明です
refugees come to this country.
方法がいくつかあります
Admissions Program.
and selects refugees abroad
海外にいる難民を割り出し 選定し
the program began in 1980.
始まって以来 最低になりました
more refugees in the world
かつてないほど難民が増え
in recorded history,
最大の規模であるにも関わらずです
come to this country is by seeking asylum.
2つ目の方法は 亡命を希望することです
who present themselves at a border
国境で出頭した際に
if they're sent back home.
訴える人のことです
who's going through the process
難民として承認される
アメリカ国内でしている人を指すのです
the refugee definition.
more difficult to seek asylum.
難しくなっています
when they show up at our borders
国境警備隊員は
that they simply can't apply.
申請さえできないと伝えます
違法な対応です
"Migrant Protection Protocols,"
オーウェルを思わせるような名称ですが—
they have to wait in Mexico
待機することが命じられ
through the courts in the United States,
各々の申請が審査され 決定までには
has detained over 3,000 children,
3千人以上の子供を拘束し
a six-year-old blind girl.
in what are virtually prisons
刑務所と変わらない施設で
the hallmark of our immigration system.
親子の引き離しは
on a hill or a beacon of hope
私達が持つ国民性や価値観の理想像とは
about ourselves and our values.
and it always will be.
これからも この国の一部です
persecution, war, violence,
迫害 戦争 暴力—
what life is like in other places --
暮らしが見られる状況から
policies that reflect our values
可能にする方法も存在しますし
given the reality in the world.
その方が道理にかなっています
is dial back the toxic rhetoric
この問題の国民的議論の基盤になっている
debate on this issue for too long.
because my grandparents were.
祖父母は移民でしたから
didn't see her kids for seven years,
7年も自分の子供に会わずに
from Poland to New York.
連れて来ようと奔走しました
when he was seven
私の祖父を置いて出国し
until he was 14.
left Poland in the 1930s
ポーランドを後にし
the British Mandate of Palestine,
パレスチナへ向かい
her family and friends again.
2度と会えませんでした
to global migration and displacement
グローバルな協力体制があれば
migration something that isn't a crisis
当たり前のことになり
as a global community.
to countries in Central America
中央アメリカ諸国に投じている
we spend on enforcement and detention.
支出する額に比べると微々たるものです
have an asylum system that works.
必ず作れます
ほんのわずかな費用で
実現できるのです
定住できるでしょう
in the refugee program:
例をあげましょう
15,000 Syrian refugees
シリア難民を受け入れることで
refugee crisis on earth.
難民危機に対応しました
3千人に減少し
and efforts to block immigration,
国内に入れないために
in this country, according to polls,
米国で難民や移民を支持する動きは
and faith-based organizations,
人道支援組織は
監視の必要な政策がある場合
or a policy that needs oversight.
表明する手助けをしてくれます
行動を起こせますし
それも可能です
one of these detention centers
子供達が収容されている
国境沿いの収容施設を見たら
about my call with Ellie
すごく嬉しかったのは
that the stories of her grandparents
今 起きていることと同じだと
思ってくれたことです
覚えておいてほしいのは
for Mr. Potato Head,
裏話だけでなく—
a good story to leave with,
いい話ですが—
現実的な対応を通じて
力を示すべきではありません
and my relatives and your relatives
私やあなたの親戚の話と
they're all the same.
全く変わっていません
when it says to the refugee,
難民に対して
言う時に表れるものなのです
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Melanie Nezer - Refugee and immigrants rights attorneyMelanie Nezer is a national leader in efforts to inform and educate individuals, institutions, elected officials and communities about refugees and asylum seekers.
Why you should listen
Melanie Nezer is Senior Vice President for Public Affairs for HIAS, the American Jewish community's international refugee agency. Founded in 1881, HIAS is the oldest refugee agency in the world and has helped refugees from all over the world find safety and freedom. In 17 years at HIAS, Nezer has shaped much of the agency's policy and advocacy agenda and its legal work. She previously served as HIAS's Vice President for Policy and Advocacy, as Migration Policy Counsel and as Director of HIAS's Employment Visa Program, representing at-risk Jewish professionals and religious workers seeking to work in the US during times of instability and crisis in their home countries.
Before joining HIAS, Nezer was the Immigration Policy Director for the organization now known as US Committee for Refugees and Immigrants, where -- in addition to conducting advocacy on immigration and asylum issues -- she was co-editor of Refugee Reports and a writer for the annual World Refugee Survey. Prior to her work in Washington DC, Nezer was in private legal practice in Miami, Florida, where she specialized in immigration law and criminal defense.
Learn more about Nezer's work by watching "The Ground Beneath My Children's Feet: Refugees and the Jewish Story," "'We Stand with You'": HIAS Responds to Synagogue Massacre with Message of Hope for Refugees," by listening to "HIAS Responds to Deadly Attack on Pittsburgh Synagogue," and by reading "Refugee Order Demystified, Q&A with Nezer of HIAS," and "The Global Plan for Dealing with Refugees Isn't Broken, It's Nearly Broke."
Melanie Nezer | Speaker | TED.com