Melanie Nezer: The fundamental right to seek asylum
Мелани Незер: Фундаментальное право на убежище
Melanie Nezer is a national leader in efforts to inform and educate individuals, institutions, elected officials and communities about refugees and asylum seekers. Full bio
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from a woman named Ellie.
женщина по имени Элли.
separations at the southern border
разлучают семьи,
what she could do to help.
of her grandfather and his father.
про своего деда и его отца.
немного денег и велел идти на запад.
and told them to walk west,
пересечь Европу к западу.
west across Europe,
сели на корабль и добрались до Америки.
and they got to America.
the stories of the teens
пешком пересекающих Мексику,
своего деда и его брата.
was her grandfather and his brother.
were exactly the same.
the Hassenfeld Brothers --
Mr. Potato Head.
Мистера Картошку.
I'm telling you this story.
because it made me think
and I have three of them --
be safe where we were,
где мы находимся, небезопасно,
at the southern US border,
на южной границе США.
asylum seekers.
из Центральной Америки.
I've been at HIAS,
for refugee rights around the world,
за права беженцев по всему миру,
is that, sometimes,
безопасности и обороны
make us safer and stronger
have the opposite of the intended results
приводят к противоположному результату
and unnecessary suffering.
и напрасные страдания.
at our southern border?
на нашей южной границе?
that are coming to our southern border
прибывающих к нашей южной границе,
Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador.
Гондураса и Сальвадора.
в списки самых жестоких стран в мире.
countries in the world.
in these countries,
оставаться в безопасности.
for yourself and your family.
для себя и семьи.
women and girls is pervasive.
происходит повсеместно.
люди бежали многие годы.
have been coming to our shores,
прибывали к нашим берегам,
непосредственное участие.
was deeply involved.
there's been a spike in families,
всплеск обращений от семей.
и обращались с просьбой об убежище.
showing up at checkpoints
as you see those images.
пока вы смотрите на картинки.
of interceptions at the southern border,
в этот раз — не самое высокое в истории,
themselves at checkpoints.
за помощью на КПП официально.
with the clothes on their backs;
кроме того, что на них надето.
powerful country in the world.
могущественная страна в мире.
of the destination country
стороны возводить всё в абсолют:
with these questions
упираются в эти вопросы,
about their families
о своих семьях,
very different questions:
совершенно другие проблемы:
это абсолютно легально.
and in international law.
и международном законодательстве.
Конвенции о беженцах 1951 года,
to the Holocaust
would we return people to countries
возврату людей туда,
способов попасть в эту страну.
refugees come to this country.
Admissions Program.
по приёму беженцев.
and selects refugees abroad
и выбирают беженцев из-за рубежа
приняли меньше беженцев,
the program began in 1980.
запуска программы в 1980-м.
будет ещё меньше.
more refugees in the world
беженцев больше,
in recorded history,
come to this country is by seeking asylum.
политическое убежище.
who present themselves at a border
за убежищем на границе,
if they're sent back home.
их будут преследовать.
who's going through the process
через судебный процесс
the refugee definition.
под определение беженца.
more difficult to seek asylum.
так сложно просить убежища.
when they show up at our borders
что страна переполнена,
that they simply can't apply.
"Migrant Protection Protocols,"
«Протокол защиты мигрантов»,
they have to wait in Mexico
through the courts in the United States,
и у них нет доступа к адвокатам.
has detained over 3,000 children,
в лагеря больше трёх тысяч детей,
a six-year-old blind girl.
шестилетняя слепая девочка.
in what are virtually prisons
людей в лагеря, по сути тюрьмы,
the hallmark of our immigration system.
нашей миграционной системы.
on a hill or a beacon of hope
или маяк надежды,
about ourselves and our values.
о нас и наших ценностях.
and it always will be.
и всегда будет.
persecution, war, violence,
преследование, война, насилие,
what life is like in other places --
как живут люди в других местах.
policies that reflect our values
согласно нашим ценностям,
given the reality in the world.
и мировым реалиям.
is dial back the toxic rhetoric
избавиться от ядовитых высказываний,
debate on this issue for too long.
наших национальных дебатов.
because my grandparents were.
к сердцу, ведь мои предки были ими.
didn't see her kids for seven years,
не видела своих детей,
from Poland to New York.
из Польши в Нью Йорк.
когда ему было 7
when he was seven
until he was 14.
left Poland in the 1930s
the British Mandate of Palestine,
мандат в Палестине,
her family and friends again.
свою семью и друзей.
to global migration and displacement
глобальную миграцию и переселение,
migration something that isn't a crisis
миграции как кризиса
as a global community.
to countries in Central America
странам Центральной Америки,
беженцев и мигрантов,
we spend on enforcement and detention.
на аресты и заключение под стражу.
have an asylum system that works.
рабочую систему убежищ.
in the refugee program:
как деградирует программа:
15,000 Syrian refugees
приняли 15 тыс. мигрантов
refugee crisis on earth.
миграционный кризис в мире.
and efforts to block immigration,
и попытки прекратить иммиграцию,
in this country, according to polls,
в этой стране, согласно опросам,
and faith-based organizations,
и религиозные организации,
достойные неподчинения
or a policy that needs oversight.
политика, которую нужно контролировать.
one of these detention centers
about my call with Ellie
that the stories of her grandparents
отсутствие разницы между историей
for Mr. Potato Head,
a good story to leave with,
and my relatives and your relatives
родственникам, вашим родственникам,
they're all the same.
when it says to the refugee,
беженцам: «Уходите!»
и защитим вас».
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Melanie Nezer - Refugee and immigrants rights attorneyMelanie Nezer is a national leader in efforts to inform and educate individuals, institutions, elected officials and communities about refugees and asylum seekers.
Why you should listen
Melanie Nezer is Senior Vice President for Public Affairs for HIAS, the American Jewish community's international refugee agency. Founded in 1881, HIAS is the oldest refugee agency in the world and has helped refugees from all over the world find safety and freedom. In 17 years at HIAS, Nezer has shaped much of the agency's policy and advocacy agenda and its legal work. She previously served as HIAS's Vice President for Policy and Advocacy, as Migration Policy Counsel and as Director of HIAS's Employment Visa Program, representing at-risk Jewish professionals and religious workers seeking to work in the US during times of instability and crisis in their home countries.
Before joining HIAS, Nezer was the Immigration Policy Director for the organization now known as US Committee for Refugees and Immigrants, where -- in addition to conducting advocacy on immigration and asylum issues -- she was co-editor of Refugee Reports and a writer for the annual World Refugee Survey. Prior to her work in Washington DC, Nezer was in private legal practice in Miami, Florida, where she specialized in immigration law and criminal defense.
Learn more about Nezer's work by watching "The Ground Beneath My Children's Feet: Refugees and the Jewish Story," "'We Stand with You'": HIAS Responds to Synagogue Massacre with Message of Hope for Refugees," by listening to "HIAS Responds to Deadly Attack on Pittsburgh Synagogue," and by reading "Refugee Order Demystified, Q&A with Nezer of HIAS," and "The Global Plan for Dealing with Refugees Isn't Broken, It's Nearly Broke."
Melanie Nezer | Speaker | TED.com