Sue Desmond-Hellmann: A smarter, more precise way to think about public health
수 데스몬드-헬만(Sue Desmond-Hellmann): 공중보건을 다루는 더욱 현명하고 정교한 방법
Sue Desmond-Hellmann leads the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation’s mission to establish equity for every person. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
저의 아버지인 프랭크고요.
Theresa Marie.
테레사 마리가 있습니다.
and Kevin Michael's on his right.
그 오른쪽은 케빈 마이클입니다.
was picking names.
이름을 짓는 거였죠.
number seven came along,
일곱 명이나 될 때 쯤엔
on Jennifer Bridget.
합의를 봤습니다.
일인지 아실 겁니다.
ceremonial moment.
얼마나 기쁘고 짜릿했는지 모릅니다.
많은 것을 보았습니다.
아이의 이름을 지을 때
for their new babies
사실을 알게 되었죠.
of this special ceremonial time?
제대로 즐기지 않는 걸까요?
bearable without a name.
조금은 더 견딜만했을 겁니다.
dreaming of the future of that child --
기쁨과 흥분을 느끼는 순간이
of a future for their child
죽어가는 이유는 무엇일까요?
an updated pie chart.
under five worldwide."
of that pie chart, about 40 percent --
차지하는 부분이 있습니다.
사망 원인은 아닐 겁니다.
is less than one month old.
갓난아이 상태를 의미합니다.
"We have no idea."
"잘 모르겠다"는 말로 들립니다.
what you can't define.
바로잡을 수는 없습니다.
the dreams of those parents
되찾아주기 위한 첫 단계는
about a new approach,
접근법에 대해 말하고자 합니다.
know why babies are dying,
도울 뿐만 아니라
바꿔놓기 시작했다고 느낍니다.
from a very special place.
매우 특별한 장소로부터 시작됩니다.
an oncologist.
교육을 받았습니다.
to help people feel better.
시작한 일이었지만
made them feel worse.
더욱 상하게 하곤 했습니다.
being driven to my clinic
병원에 온 젊은 여성들을 기억합니다.
into my exam room by their mothers.
검사실로 들어올 수 있었던 환자들이었죠.
매우 약해진 상태였습니다.
in the war on cancer,
최전방에 있던 그때에는
couldn't differentiate
that we wanted to hit hard
that we wanted to preserve.
구분해내지 못했습니다.
all very familiar with --
부작용들도 항상 있었습니다.
so infection was a constant threat --
감염이 쉽게 발생하는 등의
to the biotechnology industry.
분야에서 일하게 되었고
for breast cancer patients
치료방법에 착수하게 되었지요.
of telling the healthy cells
세포, 혹은 암세포를 더욱
HER2-positive breast cancer,
HER2 양성 유밤암을
form of breast cancer.
hit hard the cancer cells,
최대한 건드리지 않고
gentle on the normal cells.
gene sequencing and more --
유전자 염기서열 등을 모두 활용하여
revolutionized cancer therapy.
대변혁을 가져왔습니다.
바꾸고 싶습니다.
better way to tackle diseases
더욱 적합한 이 방법을 선진국에만
expensive medicines like Herceptin
개발도상국에 공급하자고
targeting for individuals
인구 단위로 확장시켜
you're thinking, "She's crazy.
"저 여자 미쳤구먼.
일이 너무 커지잖아."
실행되고 있으며
to make a big difference.
as a cancer doctor.
받았다고 말씀드렸죠.
who trained in San Francisco in the '80s,
교육받았던 수많은 의사들처럼
a terrible global challenge.
전세계가 당면한 심각한 과제입니다.
are living with HIV.
HIV 바이러스를 안고 살아갑니다.
become pregnant,
그들의 자녀에게로
것을 알고 있습니다.
until the age of two.
can virtually guarantee
바이러스 치료가 사실상
the virus to the baby.
있다는 것도 압니다.
kind of like that blast of chemo,
포괄적인 방식으로 접근하고자 한다면
every pregnant woman in the world.
치료해야 할 것입니다.
where HIV rates are the highest.
가장 높은 지역에 주목합니다.
in sub-Saharan Africa
이남의 특정 나라들에서
where rates are highest.
치료할 수 있음을 압니다.
to a public health problem
in certain areas in the developing world
임산부들을 검진하는 것은
can change things on a big scale.
있는지를 보여주는 강력한 예시입니다.
그렇게 할 수 있습니다.
행해야 할지 알고 있습니다.
elements of precision public health:
정밀공중보건의 중요한 요소들입니다.
to the 2.6 million babies
한 달이 되기도 전에 죽는
우리가 모른다는 것입니다.
the causes of infant mortality
위해 우리가 하는 일은
with the highest infant mortality
나누는 것입니다.
who has just lost her child,
어머니에게 묻습니다.
Did they have a fever?"
열이 있었나요?"
after the baby has died.
계속될 수도 있습니다.
in the shoes of that mom.
생각해 보십시오.
excruciating conversation.
무너질 듯한 고통을 줄 것입니다.
도움이 되지 않는다는 것이죠.
there was a fever or vomiting,
토했다는 사실을 알더라도
that knowledge,
a precision public health approach?
적용한다면 어떻게 될까요?
because of a bacterial infection
'B 그룹 연쇄상 구균'이라는
mom has a seven times higher chance
다음에 출산하게 될 아이는
we can prevent that death
페니실린과 같은 값싸고
and safe as penicillin.
방지할 수 있습니다.
그것을 가능케 할 수 있습니다.
the right interventions
적절한 개입을 통해
in the right places
정확히 살려내야 할 사람들의
and with these interventions
our 15-year goal.
도움이 될 것입니다.
into a million babies' lives saved
죽음으로부터 구해내는 것입니다.
to public health --
다룰 방법이 있을겁니다.
tackle malnutrition?
타파할 수는 없을까요?
cervical cancer in women?
예방하는 것은 또 어떻고요?
in two different worlds,
by public health professionals.
이루어진 세계입니다.
두 개의 세계에 살고 있습니다.
about precision public health
바로 제가 정밀공중보건에 있어서
talent and tools --
in ways I never imagined
질병들을 정확하게
that kind of talent and tools
아이들을 살리기 위해서도
the confidence
the moment that child is born,
자신감을 갖게 될 것입니다.
will be measured in decades,
아이들의 미래를 감히 꿈꾸면서요.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sue Desmond-Hellmann - CEO, Gates FoundationSue Desmond-Hellmann leads the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation’s mission to establish equity for every person.
Why you should listen
As CEO of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Sue Desmond-Hellmann leads the organization's vision for a world where every person has the opportunity to live a healthy, productive life. Drawing on her diverse experience as scientist, physician and business executive, she oversees a variety of missions focused on eradicating disease, poverty and inequity. She leads 1,400 people, across four continents, working in more than 100 countries to help more children and young people survive and thrive, combat infectious diseases that hit the poorest hardest, and empower people -- particularly women and girls -- to transform their lives.
Trained as an oncologist, Dr. Desmond-Hellmann spent 14 years at biotech firm Genentech, developing a number of breakthrough medicines, including two of the first gene-targeted therapies for cancer, Avastin and Herceptin. In November 2009, Forbes magazine named her one of the world's seven most "powerful innovators," calling her "a hero to legions of cancer patients." Her time at Genentech put her at the forefront of the precision medicine revolution, and in her current role she champions a similar approach to global development: precision public health -- getting the right interventions, to the right populations, in the right places, to save lives.
Immediately prior to joining the foundation in 2014, Dr. Desmond-Hellmann was the first female chancellor of the University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), overseeing all aspects of the university and medical center's strategy and operations. It was her second stint at UCSF, having completed her clinical training there in the 1980s. She moved to Uganda in 1989 to work on HIV/AIDS and cancer, which she credits as a turning point in her career. "It was so profound to recognize ... that all the learning I had done to become a doctor didn't matter at all if I didn’t make a contribution," she said.
Dr. Desmond-Hellmann is the recipient of numerous honors and awards. She was listed among Fortune magazine's "50 most powerful women in business" for seven years. In 2010, she was inducted into the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and elected to the Institute of Medicine. She serves on the boards of directors at Facebook Inc. and the Procter & Gamble Company.
Sue Desmond-Hellmann | Speaker | TED.com