TEDGlobal 2012
Bahia Shehab: A thousand times no
Bahija Šehaba: Tūkstoškārt nē
Filmed:
Readability: 4.2
1,138,104 views
Mākslas vēsturniece Bahija Šehaba jau ilgi ir bijusi aizrāvusies ar arābu rakstā izteikto „nē”. 2011. gadā Ēģipti pāršalcot revolūcijai, viņa ielās sāka izplatīt attēlu, kas teica „nē” diktatoriem, militāristu varai un vardarbībai.
Bahia Shehab - Artist and historian
TED Fellow Bahia Shehab sends an important message through her street art in Cairo: “You can crush the flowers, but you can’t delay spring." Full bio
TED Fellow Bahia Shehab sends an important message through her street art in Cairo: “You can crush the flowers, but you can’t delay spring." Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:16
Two years ago, I was invited as an artist
0
441
3029
Pirms diviem gadiem mani kā mākslinieci uzaicināja
00:19
to participate in an exhibition commemorating
1
3470
2860
piedalīties izstādē, kas atzīmēja
00:22
100 years of Islamic art in Europe.
2
6330
2658
100 islāma mākslas gadus Eiropā.
00:24
The curator had only one condition:
3
8988
2440
Kurators izvirzīja tikai vienu priekšnoteikumu:
00:27
I had to use the Arabic script for my artwork.
4
11428
3490
savā mākslas darbā man bija jāizmanto arābu raksts.
00:30
Now, as an artist, a woman, an Arab,
5
14918
3111
Kā māksliniecei, sievietei, arābietei
00:33
or a human being living in the world in 2010,
6
18029
3642
vai cilvēkam, kas dzīvo 2010. gada pasaulē,
00:37
I only had one thing to say:
7
21671
2965
man bija sakāma tikai viens:
00:40
I wanted to say no.
8
24636
2810
es vēlējos teikt „nē”.
00:43
And in Arabic, to say "no," we say "no,
9
27446
2216
Lai arābiski pateiktu „nē”, mēs sakām: „Nē,
00:45
and a thousand times no."
10
29662
2320
un tūkstoškārt nē.”
00:47
So I decided to look for a thousand different noes.
11
31982
3796
Tā nu es nolēmu meklēt tūkstoš dažādu „nē”
00:51
on everything ever produced
12
35778
1846
uz visa, kas pēdējo 1400 gadu laikā
00:53
under Islamic or Arab patronage in the past 1,400 years,
13
37624
4681
kādreiz ticis radīts islāma vai arābu aizbildniecībā
00:58
from Spain to the borders of China.
14
42305
3881
no Spānijas līdz Ķīnas robežām.
01:02
I collected my findings in a book,
15
46186
1999
Savus atradumus es apkopoju grāmatā,
01:04
placed them chronologically, stating the name,
16
48185
3444
sarindoju tos hronoloģiskā secībā, norādot vārdu,
01:07
the patron, the medium and the date.
17
51629
3470
patronu, veidu un datumu.
01:10
Now, the book sat on a small shelf next to the installation,
18
55099
3199
Grāmatu 2010. gada septembrī novietoja Minhenē, Vācijā,
01:14
which stood three by seven meters, in Munich, Germany,
19
58298
3607
uz maza plaukta blakus instalācijai,
01:17
in September of 2010.
20
61905
3514
kas bija trīs reiz septiņu metru lielumā.
01:21
Now, in January, 2011, the revolution started,
21
65419
5904
2011. gada janvārī sākās revolūcija,
01:27
and life stopped for 18 days,
22
71323
2823
un uz 18 dienām apstājās dzīve,
01:30
and on the 12th of February,
23
74146
1459
12. februārī
01:31
we naively celebrated on the streets of Cairo,
24
75605
2988
mēs naivi svinējām Kairas ielās,
01:34
believing that the revolution had succeeded.
25
78593
4033
ticot, ka revolūcija ir guvusi panākumus.
01:38
Nine months later I found myself spraying messages
26
82626
3656
Deviņus mēnešus vēlāk es jau krāsoju vēstījumus
01:42
in Tahrir Square. The reason for this act
27
86282
4200
Tahrira laukumā. Šīs rīcības iemesls
01:46
was this image that I saw in my newsfeed.
28
90482
3759
bija šis attēls, ko es ieraudzīju savā ziņu barotnē.
01:50
I did not feel that I could live in a city
29
94241
2896
Es nejutos spējīga dzīvot pilsētā,
01:53
where people were being killed
30
97137
2007
kurā cilvēkus nogalināja
01:55
and thrown like garbage on the street.
31
99144
2968
un izmeta uz ielas kā atkritumus.
01:58
So I took one "no" off a tombstone from
32
102112
2326
Tāpēc es noņēmu vienu „nē”' no kapakmens
02:00
the Islamic Museum in Cairo, and I added a message to it:
33
104438
3585
Islāma muzejā Kairā un pievienoju tam vēstījumu:
02:03
"no to military rule."
34
108023
1667
„Nē militāristu varai.”
02:05
And I started spraying that on the streets in Cairo.
35
109690
3016
Un es sāku to rakstīt Kairas ielās.
02:08
But that led to a series of no, coming out of the book
36
112706
3031
Tas noveda pie virknes „nē”, kas nāca laukā no grāmatas
02:11
like ammunition, and adding messages to them,
37
115737
2969
kā munīcija, un, pievienojot tiem vēstījumus,
02:14
and I started spraying them on the walls.
38
118706
2400
es sāku tos krāsot uz sienām.
02:17
So I'll be sharing some of these noes with you.
39
121106
2706
Es padalīšos ar jums dažos no šiem „nē”.
02:19
No to a new Pharaoh, because whoever comes next
40
123812
2598
Nē jaunam faraonam, jo jebkuram, kas nāks vietā,
02:22
should understand that we will never be ruled by another dictator.
41
126410
3906
ir jāsaprot, ka mūs nekad nepārvaldīs cits diktators.
02:26
No to violence: Ramy Essam came to Tahrir
42
130316
4146
Nē vardarbībai: Rami Aisams ieradās Tahrira laukumā
02:30
on the second day of the revolution,
43
134462
1868
otrajā revolūcijas dienā
02:32
and he sat there with this guitar, singing.
44
136330
3460
un dziedādams sēdēja tur ar savu ģitāru.
02:35
One month after Mubarak stepped down, this was his reward.
45
139790
4289
Mēnesi pēc Mubaraka atkāpšanās,
tas bija viņa atalgojums.
tas bija viņa atalgojums.
02:39
No to blinding heroes. Ahmed Harara lost his right eye
46
144079
5026
Nē redzes atņemšanai varoņu.
Ahmeds Harara pazaudēja savu labo aci
Ahmeds Harara pazaudēja savu labo aci
02:45
on the 28th of January,
47
149105
1751
28. janvārī,
02:46
and he lost his left eye on the 19th of November,
48
150856
3346
un savu kreiso aci viņš zaudēja 19. novembrī
02:50
by two different snipers.
49
154202
3486
divu dažādu snaiperu dēļ.
02:53
No to killing, in this case no to killing men of religion,
50
157688
3325
Nē nogalināšanai, šajā gadījumā reliģiozu cilvēku nogalināšanai,
02:56
because Sheikh Ahmed Adina Refaat was shot
51
161013
3186
jo Šeihs Ahmeds Adina Refāts nošāva
03:00
on December 16th, during a demonstration,
52
164199
3362
16. decembrī demonstrācijas laikā,
03:03
leaving behind three orphans and a widow.
53
167561
3860
atstājot trīs bāreņus un atraitni.
03:07
No to burning books. The Institute of Egypt was burned
54
171421
3283
Nē grāmatu dedzināšanai.
Ēģiptes Institūtu nodedzināja
Ēģiptes Institūtu nodedzināja
03:10
on December 17th, a huge cultural loss.
55
174704
4220
17. decembrī, milzīgs zaudējums kultūrai.
03:14
No to stripping the people,
56
178924
2389
Nē cilvēku izģērbšanai,
03:17
and the blue bra is to remind us of our shame
57
181313
3494
zilais krūšturis atgādina
par mūsu kaunu kā nācijai,
par mūsu kaunu kā nācijai,
03:20
as a nation when we allow a veiled woman to be stripped
58
184807
3950
mums ļaujot plīvurā tērptu sievieti uz ielas
03:24
and beaten on the street, and the footprint reads,
59
188757
4001
izģērbt un piekaut, pēdas nospiedums lasās kā:
03:28
"Long live a peaceful revolution,"
60
192758
2152
„Lai dzīvo miermīlīga revolūcija”,
03:30
because we will never retaliate with violence.
61
194910
3520
jo mēs nekad nevarēsim atriebt ar vardarbību.
03:34
No to barrier walls. On February 5th,
62
198430
3415
Nē robežmūriem. 5. februārī
03:37
concrete roadblocks were set up in Cairo
63
201845
4193
Kairā izvietoja betona barikādes,
03:41
to protect the Ministry of Defense from protesters.
64
206038
5681
lai aizsargātu Aizsardzības ministriju no protestētājiem.
03:47
Now, speaking of walls, I want to share with you the story
65
211719
2445
Runājot par mūriem, es vēlos jums pastāstīt stāstu
03:50
of one wall in Cairo.
66
214164
2802
par kādu mūri Kairā.
03:52
A group of artists decided to paint a life-size tank
67
216966
4307
Mākslinieku grupa nolēma uz mūra uzgleznot dabiska lieluma tanku.
03:57
on a wall. It's one to one.
68
221273
1842
Tas ir lielumā viens pret vienu.
03:59
In front of this tank there's a man on a bicycle
69
223115
3864
Šī tanka priekšā atradās vīrs uz divriteņa,
04:02
with a breadbasket on his head. To any passerby,
70
226979
3114
ar maizes grozu uz galvas. Nevienam garāmgājējam
04:05
there's no problem with this visual.
71
230093
2854
šis zīmējums neradīja problēmas.
04:08
After acts of violence, another artist came,
72
232947
3914
Pēc vardarbības aktiem ieradās cits mākslinieks,
04:12
painted blood, protesters being run over by the tank,
73
236861
4473
uzgleznoja asinis un protestētājus, kuriem pāri brauc tanks,
04:17
demonstrators, and a message that read,
74
241334
3046
demonstrantus un ziņu, kas vēstīja:
04:20
"Starting tomorrow, I wear the new face,
75
244380
3347
„Sākot ar rītdienu, man būs jauna seja,
04:23
the face of every martyr. I exist."
76
247727
3719
ikviena mocekļa seja. Es eksistēju.”
04:27
Authority comes, paints the wall white,
77
251446
2901
Ierodas varas pārstāvji, nokrāso sienu baltu,
04:30
leaves the tank and adds a message:
78
254347
2642
atstāj tanku un pievieno vēstījumu:
04:32
"Army and people, one hand. Egypt for Egyptians."
79
256989
5029
„Armija un cilvēki, viena roka. Ēģipti ēģiptiešiem.”
04:37
Another artist comes, paints the head of the military
80
262018
3635
Ierodas cits mākslinieks un uzglezno militāristu priekšnieku
04:41
as a monster eating a maiden in a river of blood
81
265653
3362
kā briesmoni, kas ēd jaunavu asins upē
04:44
in front of the tank.
82
269015
2692
tanka priekšā.
04:47
Authority comes, paints the wall white, leaves the tank,
83
271707
4001
Atnāk varas pārstāvji, nokrāso sienu baltu, atstāj tanku,
04:51
leaves the suit, and throws a bucket of black paint
84
275708
2628
atstāj formastērpu, un uzlej spaini melnas krāsas.
04:54
just to hide the face of the monster.
85
278336
1607
lai tikai paslēptu briesmoņa seju.
04:55
So I come with my stencils, and I spray them on the suit,
86
279943
3893
Tad ierados es ar saviem trafaretiem
un uzpūtu tos uz formastērpa,
un uzpūtu tos uz formastērpa,
04:59
on the tank, and on the whole wall,
87
283836
2425
tanka un uz visas sienas,
05:02
and this is how it stands today
88
286261
2074
un tā tas izskatās līdz šai dienai
05:04
until further notice. (Laughter)
89
288335
1779
līdz turpmākam paziņojumam. (Smiekli)
05:06
Now, I want to leave you with a final no.
90
290114
4266
Nu es vēlētos jūs atstāt ar beidzamo „nē”.
05:10
I found Neruda scribbled on a piece of paper
91
294380
3615
Es atradu Nerudas citātu, uzkricelētu uz papīra lapiņas
05:13
in a field hospital in Tahrir, and I decided to take a no of
92
297995
5229
lauka hospitālī Tahrira laukumā, un nolēmu paņemt „nē” no
05:19
Mamluk Mausoleum in Cairo.
93
303224
2314
Mamluku mauzoleja Kairā.
05:21
The message reads,
94
305538
1785
Tas vēsta:
05:23
[Arabic]
95
307323
6409
[Arābu valoda]
05:29
"You can crush the flowers, but you can't delay spring."
96
313732
3677
„Tu vari samīt ziedus, bet nevari aizkavēt pavasari.'”
05:33
Thank you. (Applause)
97
317409
3855
Paldies. (Aplausi)
05:37
(Applause)
98
321264
9021
(Aplausi)
05:46
Thank you. Shukran. (Applause)
99
330285
5762
Paldies. Šukran. (Aplausi)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Bahia Shehab - Artist and historianTED Fellow Bahia Shehab sends an important message through her street art in Cairo: “You can crush the flowers, but you can’t delay spring."
Why you should listen
Bahia Shehab is an artist, designer and art historian. She is associate professor of design and founder of the graphic design program at The American University in Cairo, where she has developed a full design curriculum mainly focused on visual culture of the Arab world. She has taught over fourteen courses on the topic.
Shehab's artwork has been on display in exhibitions, galleries and streets in Canada, China, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Japan, Lebanon, Morocco, Turkey, UAE and the US. The documentary Nefertiti's Daughters featuring her street artwork during the Egyptian uprising was released in 2015. Her work has received a number of international recognitions and awards; TED fellowship (2012) and TED Senior fellowship (2016), BBC 100 Women list (2013, 2014), The American University in Beirut distinguished alumna (2015), Shortlist for V&A’s Jameel Prize 4 (2016), and a Prince Claus Award (2016). Her book A Thousand Times NO: The Visual History of Lam-Alif was published in 2010.
Bahia Shehab | Speaker | TED.com