Antonio Donato Nobre: The magic of the Amazon: A river that flows invisibly all around us
Antonio Donato Nobre: Virs mums plūst upe
Antonio Donato Nobre researches the “ingenious systems” of the Amazon. His work illustrates the beautiful complexity of this region, as well as its fragility against a backdrop of climate change. Full bio
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Sir Ken's memorable TED Talk,
sera Kena neaizmirstamo TED runu,
of what he describes
ko viņš apraksta
of transport for the head,"
after these first two talks
who became a philosopher,
kas kļuvis par filozofu,
to talk about water.
lai runātu par ūdeni.
do not match, right?
īsti neiet kopā, vai ne?
water in the Amazon,
runāt par Amazones ūdeņiem,
of life. Fresh life.
svaigs dzīvības šūpulis.
although I'm carrying
this inspiration.
vai mēģinātu dalīties ar šo iedvesmu.
and that you'll spread the word.
un jūs to nodosiet tālāk.
to have vital gases exchanged
dzīvībai svarīgu gāzu apmaiņu
the storehouse of biodiversity.
par bioloģiskās daudzveidības krātuvi.
has more eyes than leaves."
ir vairāk acu nekā lapu.
to show you something.
un es mēģināšu jums ko parādīt.
a different approach,
two initiatives here,
šīs divas iniciatīvas,
that's slightly materialistic,
kas ir nedaudz materiālistiska,
that, in nature, there is
filozofija un harmonija.
of the reality I'm going to show you.
tās pasaules mūziku, par kuru stāstīšu.
not about lungs,
nevis par plaušām,
ar cilvēka fizioloģiju,
distributes fresh blood,
iznēsā svaigas asinis,
to be renewed.
jau izlietotās asinis.
the power of all these processes.
is the years passing in seconds.
What do you see?
Ko mēs tur redzam?
for the world's climate.
taking place here.
moist air in gray,
mitrais — pelēkā,
resurgence in the Amazon.
gush from the ground into the atmosphere
celties augšup, atmosfērā,
that it can be seen from space?
ka tas saskatāms no kosmosa?
heated by magma,
pazemes ūdens,
into the atmosphere.
unless I am wrong.
that plays the same role,
from the ground into the atmosphere.
no augsnes augšup atmosfērā.
in the Amazon forest, 600 billion geysers.
600 miljardi geizeru,
an extraordinary sophistication.
tipiski saulainas dienas laikā Amazonē,
to transfer 1,000 liters of water
spēj transportēt 1000 litru ūdens —
that is released by transpiration,
the largest river on Earth,
lielākā upe uz Zemes,
whole world and ends up in the oceans,
ieplūst okeānos,
17 miljardus tonnu ūdens.
of water a day in the Atlantic Ocean.
and goes into the atmosphere
a power socket, an electric one,
elektriskā tējkanna,
metric tons of water in it,
20 miljardus tonnu ūdens,
to have this water evaporated?
lai panāktu šī ūdens iztvaikošanu?
Patiešām liela tējkanna.
hydroelectric plant in the world.
lielākā hidroelektrostacija pasaulē,
than 30 percent of the power
no Brazīlijā patērētās enerģijas.
doing this for free.
providing environmental services.
vides pakalpojumu rūpnīca.
what I call the paradox of chance,
par nejaušības paradoksu,
in the equatorial zone,
at 30 degrees north latitude,
30 platuma grādus uz ziemeļiem
hemisphere, the Atacama;
Atacamas tuksnesis,
the Australian desert.
Austrālijas tuksnesis.
the Sahara, Sonoran, etc.
Sahāras, Sonoras un citi tuksneši.
Cuiabá to Buenos Aires,
no Kujabas līdz Buenosairesai
was supposed to be a desert.
I call it the paradox of chance.
par nejaušības paradoksu.
that is different?
circulating in the landscape,
they drain the tissue of nature.
the tissues of nature
pumped by the green ocean —
zaļais okeāns to arī sūknē —
GDP comes from that area.
Dienvidamerikā nāk no šī apgabala,
on this floating hotel,
šūpojamies līdzi
the Negro River.
but we are floating here,
bet te nu mēs esam
invisible river running above us.
we used to have two seasons,
mitrā un vēl mitrākā.
and the even more humid season.
kas citādi būtu tuksnesis.
And it is not.
You see that I'm struggling here
kā redzat, man nenākas viegli
from one side to the other.
kā tas viss strādā un kāpēc,
are generating a series of discoveries,
ārkārtīgi neparastiem atklājumiem,
and the wonder that we have,
šo brīnumu, kas mums ir,
and forms pretty few clouds;
un mākoņi veidojas visai maz.
but forms a lot of rain.
bet tas veido ļoti daudz lietus.
and there is torrential rain.
kas nolīst kā lietusgāzes.
which is the forest,
which is the atmosphere,
water and seeds,
and gives water back,
ūdeni atpakaļ lietus veidā,
another function: the liver!
and radiation are combined
generous vitamin C in the form of gas,
lielu daudzumu gāzveida C vitamīna,
on Earth, here in the Amazon,
vistīrāko gaisu pasaulē,
of this characteristic as well.
procesus arī pašos augos,
gets cleaned up from the excess of dust.
no pārlieku liela daudzuma putekļu.
is cleaned by our airways.
no putekļiem attīra mūsu elpceļi.
from affecting the rainfall.
ietekmēt nokrišņu daudzumu.
it stops raining,
which I told you about before,
into the atmosphere, like hormones,
tāpat kā hormoni,
as I've said, cleaning the air.
līdzīgi aknām un nierēm tās attīra gaisu.
in a very simple way.
ko var izskaidrot ļoti vienkārši.
It will always be dry.
Tas paliks vienmēr sauss.
the opposite situation, a forest,
is much greater, because of the trees,
ir daudz lielāka koku dēļ,
is sucked into the continent
tiek iesūkts kontinentā,
was taken one month ago —
aptuveni pirms mēneša,
we're down there —
that flows into a canal.
kas plūst kā kanāls.
that irrigates South America,
Dienvidameriku un veic ne tikai to.
visu reģistrēto orkānu trajektorijas.
that have been recorded.
there hardly are any hurricanes.
orkānu gandrīz nav.
the moisture into the continent
kas iesūknē mitro gaisu kontinentā,
something a little different.
of these theories.
these processes before
is messed up.
that, yes, we can
in those other areas,
and she has a motto.
un viņai ir sava devīze.
"Gardening back the biosphere,"
„Gardening back the biosphere”,
rebuilding ecosystems.
ekosistēmu atjaunošanas darbu.
pastāstīt kādu stāstiņu.
of a text by Davi Kopenawa,
of the Yanomami people,
janomami tautas pārstāvis.
there will be no more rain?
vairs nebūs lietus?
with a super computer,
20 gadus ar jaudīgiem datoriem,
conclusion, which he already knows!"
pie secinājuma, kas viņam jau zināms!”
have never deforested.
nekad nav iznīcinājuši mežus.
ka vairs nebūtu lietus?
I met him at another event and said,
es viņu satiku citā pasākumā un jautāju:
was destroyed, there'd be no more rain?"
ka, iznīcinot mežu, vairs nebūs lietus?”
"The spirit of the forest told us."
„Mums to pateica meža gars.”
that he already knows?"
kas viņam jau zināms?”
absolutely critical hit me,
pointed out:
iepriekšējais runātājs —
we don't register the information.
mēs nepiefiksējam šo informāciju.
wouldn't like the idea —
upside down.
of the universe.
praktiska realitāte —
statistiskā iespējamība ir niecīga.
despite the droughts of the Negro River,
un taifūniem un tā tālāk,
and typhoons, etc.,
that we know of.
nekā mums zināma.
we live in every day,
kurā ik dienas dzīvojam.
since that's what we need.
jo mums tas ir vajadzīgs.
that I think I missed.
ko es, šķiet, esmu zaudējis.
what I haven't seen.
ko nezinu un neesmu redzējis.
with veneration and reverence,
and the spirits taught him.
so let's look into the forest.
into the bushes and get lost,
why they called it the green inferno.
of fungi, bacteria, etc.
sēņu, baktēriju un citu sugu.
of light years away from the Earth,
attālumā no Zemes,
to our newspapers everyday.
avīzēs ziņo Habls.
in the forest,
the door to heaven,
atstājis vaļā paradīzes durvis,
because it's so beautiful.
tik ļoti skaista tā ir!
mēs esam augstprātīgi.
technological competence of life,
kompetences piemēram,
possibility of surviving on this planet,
izdzīvot uz šīs planētas.
Again, Hubble is there.
Un atkal — tas ir Habls.
Why is it blue?
kāpēc tie ir zili.
of the invisible humiliates
padara par iesācējiem.
there is another side to it.
tiem piemīt vēl kas.
neparastās struktūrās,
structures has a function.
it is not blue;
according to people who studied it,
sophisticated crystals.
nekā tamlīdzīga nebija.
nothing like that at the time.
to transmit —
lai vadītu...
times, talks about it: biomimetics.
kas šeit vairākkārt ir uzstājusies.
what is at the base of this capacity,
kompetences pamatā,
šos brīnišķīgos pakalpojumus —
which is an internal wonder.
iekšējais brīnums.
I won't talk much longer,
es par to neko vairāk nestāstīšu,
including myself,
tostarp man,
micromachines in their body,
šo lielisko pastāvēšanu.
in the Amazon forest:
to ir Amazones mežos!
than the number of stars in the sky.
Tas ir vairāk nekā debesīs zvaigžņu.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Antonio Donato Nobre - ScientistAntonio Donato Nobre researches the “ingenious systems” of the Amazon. His work illustrates the beautiful complexity of this region, as well as its fragility against a backdrop of climate change.
Why you should listen
Antonio Donato Nobre sees nature as a well-orchestrated symphony. A visiting scientist at Brazil’s National Institute for Space Research (INPE) and a senior researcher at the National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA), he studies the soil, hydrology and biochemistry of the Amazon, to learn more about the complex, interlocking systems of this geographical marvel. He seeks to understand the interactions between the forest and the atmosphere, and how "the sweat of the forest" runs in a stream overhead that carries moisture to other parts of South America and the world, playing a large role in climate stability. His study “El Futuro Climático de la Amazonía” synthesizes research on how human beings are affecting the delicate balance of this region, and the huge risk we run if we lose it.
Antonio Donato Nobre | Speaker | TED.com