Elon Musk: The future we're building -- and boring
Īlons Masks: Nākotne, ko veidojam... un urbjam
Elon Musk is the CEO and product architect of Tesla Motors and the CEO/CTO of Space Exploration Technologies (SpaceX). Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
Elon, hey, welcome back to TED.
Īlon, sveiks! Laipni lūgts atkal TED!
iepazīsimies ar tavu redzējumu
an exciting future might look like,
kas mūs, iespējams, sagaida,
the first question a little ironic:
laikam liek skanēt mazliet ironiski –
zem Losandželosas,
be a 3D network of tunnels
soul-destroying things is traffic.
lietām ir satiksme.
in every part of the world.
that's been shown of this.
So this is the first time --
that are important
ir svarīgas pāris lietas.
nemanāmi ieaust pilsētas audumā.
and exit of the tunnel
that's on an elevator,
and exits to the tunnel network
to operate at 200 kilometers an hour.
būs ap 200 kilometriem stundā.
or about 130 miles per hour.
jeb aptuveni 130 jūdzes stundā.
to get from, say, Westwood to LAX
līdz Losandželosas lidostai
piecās, sešās minūtēs.
būs maksas ceļš.
of toll road-type basis.
alleviates some traffic
satiksmi arī virszemes ielās?
if people noticed it in the video,
to how many levels of tunnel you can have.
nav ierobežojumu.
than you can go up.
than the tallest buildings are tall,
nekā augstākās celtnes – augstas.
level of urban congestion
jebkādu sastrēgumu līmeni pilsētās.
is that if you add one layer of tunnels,
ka, pievienojot vienu tuneļu līmeni,
it will get used up,
bet vieta atkal aizpildīsies,
back with congestion.
pie tiem pašiem sastrēgumiem.
arbitrary number of tunnels,
līmeņu skaits nav ierobežots.
it's incredibly expensive to dig,
ka rakšana ir ārkārtīgi dārga,
the LA subway extension,
Losandželosas metro līnijas pagarinājums,
a two-and-a-half mile extension
for two billion dollars.
to do the subway extension in LA.
par metro kilometru Losandželosā.
utility subway in the world.
to dig tunnels normally.
at least a tenfold improvement
jāsamazina tuneļu izmaksas uz kilometru.
paveicot tikai divas lietas,
an order of magnitude improvement,
izmaksu samazinājumu,
is to cut the tunnel diameter
jāsamazina tuneļa diametrs.
according to regulations
jābūt ap 8 līdz 8,5 metriem diametrā,
maybe 28 feet in diameter
and emergency vehicles
un ārkārtas transporta līdzekļiem
for combustion engine cars.
iekšdedzes dzinēju automobiļiem.
to what we're attempting,
nepilniem 4 metriem,
to get an electric skate through,
elektriskajai autoplatformai,
by a factor of four,
with the cross-sectional area.
ar šķērsgriezuma laukumu,
no desmitkārtīgā uzlabojuma.
of magnitude improvement right there.
pusi no laika strādā un tad stāv,
for half the time, then they stop,
is putting in reinforcements
tuneļa sienu nostiprināšanas darbi.
tunneling and reinforcing,
a factor of two improvement.
tas jau ir astoņkārtīgs uzlabojums.
at their power or thermal limits,
no to jaudas vai termiskajām robežām.
to the machine substantially.
var ievērojami uzlabot.
at least a factor of two,
vismaz divkārtīgi,
improvement on top of that.
straightforward series of steps
jāsper visai vienkārši soļi,
of an order of magnitude improvement
samazinātu izmaksas uz kilometru.
from "South Park,"
no „Dienvidparka”,
of going 14 times faster
14 reizes ātrāk
dreaming about future cities,
par nākotnes pilsētām, iedomājas,
the solution is flying cars, drones, etc.
droni un tamlīdzīgi.
so I like things that fly.
man patīk lidojoši objekti.
against flying things,
will be very high.
flying over your head,
lidinās jums virs galvas
going all over the place,
vesels lērums mašīnu,
"Well, I feel better about today."
„Es tagad jūtos drošāk.”
ir pārbaudījuši diska uzlikas,
"Did they service their hubcap,
and guillotine me?"
par nākotnes pilsētām
3D networks of tunnels underneath.
pazemes tuneļu tīklus.
to use for this Hyperloop idea
hipercilpas idejai,
sort of puttering around
esam spēlējušies ar domu par hipercilpu.
adjacent to SpaceX,
hipercilpas izmēģinājuma tuneli
ideas in transport.
transporta idejas.
the biggest vacuum chamber in the world
vakuuma kamera pasaulē,
but it was kind of a hobby thing,
bet tas bija tikai tāds vaļasprieks,
to push the student pods,
uzbūvējām mazu stūmēju,
how fast we can make the pusher go
cik ātri stūmējs spēj pārvietoties,
than the world's fastest bullet train
pasaules ātrvilciens,
into tiny pieces or go quite fast.
vai arī trauksies visai ātri.
then, a Hyperloop in a tunnel
ka hipercilpa ir tunelī
in order to make a tunnel,
pret gruntsūdeņu iedarbību,
a tunnel wall to be good
that automatically,
spiedienu izturīgu tuneli,
to resist the water table,
capable of holding vacuum.
ir tunelis hipercilpas darbināšanai?
is in Elon's future to running Hyperloop?
ka garuma ierobežojuma īsti nav.
no Vašingtonas līdz Ņujorkai,
to go underground the entire way
visā garumā būvēt zem zemes,
a lot of buildings and houses,
celtnēm un mājām,
ka tas būs visai nepatīkami,
well, it's going to be pretty annoying
tunnel diameters beneath your house,
tuneļa diametrus zem mājas,
to detect it being dug at all.
to detect the tunnel being dug,
ka zem jūsu mājas rok tuneli,
for that device from the Israeli military,
jums par to maksās lielu naudu,
tunnels from Hamas,
Hamas raktos tuneļus.
that try and detect drug tunnels.
kas cenšas atklāt narkotiku tuneļus.
absorbē vibrācijas
at absorbing vibrations,
is below a certain level,
seismic instrument,
seismisks instruments,
a new company to do this
jaunu uzņēmumu,
Tāds izskatās Īlona Maska vaļasprieks!
hobby looks like.
and people doing it part time.
un pusslodzes darbinieki.
but it's making good progress, so --
bet esam jau diezgan tālu tikuši.
cars and transport through Tesla.
ar ko nodarbojas Tesla.
for the tunneling project
and where they're self-driving,
ir elektriski un brauc paši,
more cars on the roads
that when you make cars autonomous,
and that will alleviate congestion.
where it's much cheaper to go by car
braukt ar auto būs daudz lētāk,
will be better than that of a bus.
nekā autobusa biļete.
will be much greater with shared autonomy,
braukšanas būs daudz vairāk
krietni pasliktināsies.
with the goal of persuading the world
ar mērķi pārliecināt pasauli,
was the future of cars,
people were laughing at you.
every auto manufacturer
ka tikpat kā katrs autoražotājs
serious electrification plans
elektrifikācijas plāniem
has some electric vehicle program.
ir kāda elektrifikācijas programma.
about transitioning entirely to electric,
pievēršas ļoti nopietni,
ar degvielas elementiem,
are still pursuing fuel cells,
and say, you know, "We did it."
un teikt „mēs to paveicām”?
and you go on and focus on other stuff?
varat koncentrēties uz kaut ko citu.
as far into the future as I can imagine,
cik vien tālā nākotnē varu iedomāties,
things that we have coming.
to be coming in July-ish.
for starting production in July.
ka jūlijā varēsim sākt ražošanu.
that people are so excited about
would look like.
in Model S right now.
jau tagad ir Model S.
only cameras and GPS.
tikai kameras un GPS.
or radar being used here.
which is essentially what a person uses.
ko principā izmanto arī cilvēks.
is meant to be navigated
jeb redzes jautājumu,
it's not solved.
tad tā nav atrisināta.
so heavily on having a vision neural net
uz redzes neironu tīklu,
are going the LIDAR route.
kameras apvienojumā ar radaru.
be superhuman with just cameras.
tikai ar kamerām.
ten times better than humans would,
desmitreiz labāk nekā cilvēks
have eight cameras in them.
ir iebūvētas astoņas kameras.
for being able to go cross-country
uz to, lai šķērsotu visu valsti
of the year, fully autonomous.
šī gada beigās pilnīgi autonomā režīmā.
of the year, you're saying,
without touching the steering wheel,
vairs nekad nevajadzēs pieskarties stūrei.
by the end of 2017.
November or December of this year,
novembri vai decembri
from a parking lot in California
no autostāvvietas Kalifornijā
during the entire journey.
visa ceļojuma garumā.
of Teslas driving all these roads.
kas braukā pa šiem ceļiem.
of data of that national road system.
uzkrājat milzīgu datu apjomu.
that will be interesting
it will be able to do that route
ka tas spēs veikt šo maršrutu,
at one specific route, that's one thing,
tikai vienā konkrētā maršrutā,
really be very good,
jābūt ļoti labam...
jums būtu jāspēj aizbraukt jebkur,
jebkurā valstī.
to LA to New York.
and make it Seattle-Florida,
braukt no Sietlas uz Floridu
no Losandželosas uz Ņujorku,
regulation for a second,
will be able to buy one of your cars
vienu no jūsu ražotajiem auto
off the wheel and go to sleep
kad to varēs droši darīt?
is not how do you make it work
one in a thousand times,
vienā no tūkstoš gadījumiem,
to be comfortable falling asleep.
nevarēsiet mierīgi aizmigt.
or a thousand lifetimes,
if I were to live a thousand lives,
ja es dzīvotu tūkstoš dzīves,
never experience a crash,
nepiedzīvotu avāriju,
is that people may actually
kārdinājums paļauties, ka tas ir droši,
to think that this is safe,
incident happen that puts things back.
kas visu stipri aizkavēs.
is likely to at least mitigate the crash,
sadursmes sekas ticamāk vismaz mazinās,
about vehicle safety
valda iespējamība.
a human driver gets in a car,
sēžas pie stūres, ir iespējams,
that is their fault.
sasniedzamais slieksnis ir tas,
need to be than a person
nekā cilvēkam pie stūres,
literally safe hands-off driving,
bezpilota braukšana ir sasniegta,
the whole industry seems massive,
of people being able to buy a car,
cilvēki var nopirkt auto,
and then you let it go
un ļaut tai braukt tālāk
service to other people,
of your lease of that car,
mašīnas līzinga izmaksas,
this is what will happen.
to use that car exclusively,
vai izmantosiet to tikai pats
only by friends and family,
tikai draugiem un ģimenei,
who are rated five star,
kuriem ir pieczvaigžņu vērtējums.
but not other times.
citu reizi ne.
to announce this in September,
šī gada septembrī,
ko varētu parādīt šodien.
anything you could show us today?
a teaser shot of the truck.
where we want to be cautious
kad gribam būt piesardzīgi
just a little friendly neighborhood truck.
draudzīgs bulciņu vāģis.
long-range semitruck.
tālbraucēju kravas auto.
the heavy-duty trucking loads.
smagsvara pārvadājumu atvieglošanai.
people do not today think is possible.
ka tas nav iespējams.
power or it doesn't have enough range,
vai tas nevar braukt pietiekoši tālu,
ka, nē, elektriskais kravas auto
var pārspēt jebkuru kravas dīzeļauto.
will tug the diesel semi uphill.
dīzeļa kravinieku uzvilktu kalnā.
And short term, these aren't driverless.
Un īstermiņā tie nebūs bezpilota.
ar ko tālbraucēji gribēs braukt.
that truck drivers want to drive.
really fun about this
with an electric motor,
ir izlīdzināts griezes moments,
of internal combustion engine car,
vai jebkuram iekšdedzes dzinējam
that looks like a hill.
around like a sports car.
It's, like, single speed.
to be made here somewhere.
un vai tā beigtos laimīgi,
and I don't know that it ends well,
ar to bija diezgan dīvains,
for the first truck.
izmēģinājuma prototipu.
because you're driving around
kaut esat milzīgā kravas auto.
and you're in this giant truck.
already driven a prototype?
braucis ar prototipu?
around the parking lot,
un tas bija kaut kas traks!
driving this giant truck
un veicat ārprātīgus manevrus.
OK, from a really badass picture
Labi, tagad no ļoti skarba attēla
from "Desperate Housewives" or something.
mājsaimniecēm” vai kas tamlīdzīgs?
the picture of the future
in the driveway.
the electric car and the house,
stacked up against the side of the house,
viena virs otras pie mājas sienas,
saules bateriju jumts.
well, admittedly, it's a real fake house.
pareizāk sakot, īsta neīsta māja.
basically solar power, the ability to --
saules baterijas, un tie spēj...
the texture and the color
sort of microlouvers in the glass,
ir tādas kā mikrožalūzijas.
at the roof from street level
behind it or not.
ir saules baterija vai nav.
from a helicopter,
to look through and see
ir saules baterijas, bet citos ne.
a solar cell behind them and some do not.
ko vairāk apspīd saule,
that are likely to see a lot of sun,
cenas ziņā viegli pieejamus, vai ne?
super affordable, right?
kā parasts jumta segums.
than just tiling the roof.
that the cost of the roof
ka jumta izmaksas
than the cost of a normal roof
kopā ar elektrības izmaksām.
un kalpos ilgi.
the warranty be infinity,
it kā mēs muldētu pa tukšo,
like were just talking rubbish,
in a couple week's time, I think,
with two, two initially,
sākumā ar diviem,
will be introduced early next year.
nākamā gada sākumā.
could end up having this type of roofing?
varētu uzlikt šāda veida jumtu?
būs saules bateriju jumti.
the time scale here
is replaced every 20 to 25 years.
katrus 20 līdz 25 gadus.
all roofs immediately.
if you say were to fast-forward
that does not have solar.
bez saules baterijām.
that people don't get here
šķērslis, ko cilvēki nespēj pārvarēt?
the economics of solar power,
Saules enerģijas izmaksās,
enough sunlight on their roof
Saule apspīd pietiekami,
enerģiju visām vajadzībām.
power all their needs.
visu enerģijas patēriņu.
relative to the roof area,
attiecībā pret jumta platību,
have enough roof area
jumta platība ir pietiekoša,
visas mājas vajadzības.
of lithium-ion batteries,
the core competency.
the world's largest manufacturing plant
pasaules lielāko rūpnīcu,
of lithium-ion batteries,
litija bateriju piedāvājumu.
ar Gigarūpnīcas celtniecību.
ka tai ir dimanta forma, –
a diamond shape overall,
it'll look like a giant diamond,
tā līdzināsies milzīgam dimantam,
uz ziemeļiem; tāda neliela detaļa.
of batteries a year.
We think probably more, but yeah.
Droši vien vairāk, bet jā.
Ī.M.: Tieši tā.
being produced right now.
CA: You guys put out this video.
without a strobe light.
bez stroboskopiskās lampas.
about what makes an exciting future
kas dara nākotni aizraujošu,
feel guilty about energy.
par patērēto enerģiju.
does it take to get us there?
off this vast fossil fuel thing.
no milzīgās degizrakteņu atkarības.
līdz desmit miljardus.
that you can picture that project.
iedomāties šādu projektu!
announce another two this year.
par vēl divu rūpnīcu celšanu?
and four Gigafactories later this year.
about politics, only one.
par politiku, tikai vienu.
but I do want to ask you this.
bet es vēlos jums to pajautāt.
giving advice to a guy --
kas konsultē to puisi...
ka īsti netic klimata izmaiņām,
really believe in climate change,
who think you shouldn't be doing that.
ka tev nevajadzētu to darīt.
of going around the room
every month or two.
that there are people in the room
ka telpā ir cilvēki,
of doing something about climate change,
klimata pārmaiņu novēršanai
and in favor of climate change.
un klimata pārmaiņu novēršanu.
but at least the words were said.
bet vismaz tas ir pateikts.
a kind of incredibly ambitious dream
kā neticami ambiciozs mērķis
that were actually reusable.
What are we looking at here?
Ko mēs šeit redzam?
very high and fast in space.
at sort of Mach 7 or so,
te varētu būt aptuveni 7,
the sped-up version.
ka tas bija paātrināts video.
līdz beidzot sapratāt, kā to paveikt,
figured out how to do it,
what, five or six times?
piecas vai sešas reizes?
one of the rockets that landed.
vienu no raķetēm, kas jau nosēdusies.
and flew it again,
un palaidām vēlreiz.
of an orbital booster
atkārtota palaišana,
that reusability is only relevant
izmantošanai jēga ir tikai tad,
to Boeing in-between flights.
nesūta uz Boeing rūpnīcu atjaunot.
to dream of this really ambitious idea
par šo patiesi ambiciozo ideju
this outrageous rocket to do it.
ir veidota tā, lai varētu to paveikt.
the scale of this thing.
you can see that's a person.
a 40-story skyscraper?
ka tas būtu 40 stāvus augsts?
the thrust of the Saturn V moon rocket.
jaudīgāka par Saturn V mēness raķeti.
rocket humanity ever created before.
raķeti, ko cilvēce jebkad radījusi?
EM: Yeah.
Ī.M.: Jā.
a quarter of a million pounds of thrust,
ir tikai aptuveni 110 tonnas,
of 120 747s, with all engines blazing.
būt līdzvērtīgs ap 120 Boeing 747 spēkam.
designed to escape Earth's gravity,
Zemes pievilkšanas spēka pārvarēšanai,
varētu pacelt pilnībā piekrautu Boeing 747
take a fully loaded 747,
a fully loaded 747 with maximum fuel,
var pacelt pilnībā piekrautu Boeing 747
un maksimālu kravas apjomu.
maximum cargo on the 747 --
this Interplanetary Transport System
Starpplanētu transporta sistēmu,
30 years time? 20 years time?
pēc 30, pēc 20 gadiem?
an eight- to 10-year time frame.
astoņu līdz 10 gadu jautājums.
are more aggressive, but I think --
bet es domāju...
with other rockets,
ar citām raķetēm,
will be truly enormous.
būs patiešām milzīgi.
on it in your lifetime,
tavas dzīves laikā?
what you've said you'd love to do?
ka vēlies sasniegt.
and you want to live.
un gribēt dzīvot.
being out there among the stars
that we're going to have.
as an either or,
grib pozicionēt kā "vai nu - vai",
happening on the planet now
tik daudz steidzamu jautājumu –
to, you know, you pick your issue.
problēmu, kā zināms, netrūkst.
a fair old bit to actually do that
diezgan daudz tā visa labā
from the standpoint of probabilities.
no iespējamību skatpunkta.
stream of probabilities,
kas sazarojas,
that affect those probabilities
kas ietekmē šīs iespējamības,
or slow down another thing.
to the probability stream.
varu ienest kaut ko jaunu.
will happen no matter what.
if Tesla never existed,
ja Teslas nekad nebūtu bijis,
it means you have unsustainable energy.
tad ir neilgtspējīga enerģija.
will drive civilization
of a company like Tesla
the advent of sustainable energy,
ilgtspējīgas enerģijas ieviešanu
of a company like Tesla,
potentially more than a decade,
vai potenciāli vairāk nekā desmit,
aspirational good of Tesla.
species and space-faring civilization.
un kosmosa braucēju civilizāciju.
this is not inevitable.
I think is largely inevitable,
es domāju, ka principā ir neizbēgama,
is definitely not inevitable.
noteikti nav neizbēgamība.
apgūšanas progresu,
to send somebody to the moon.
aizsūtīt kādu uz mēnesi.
take people to low Earth orbit.
tikai līdz Zemes zemajai orbītai.
could take no one to orbit.
nogādāt vairs nevienu.
just automatically improves.
work very hard to make it better,
smagi strādā, lai to uzlabotu,
by itself degrade, actually.
tā pati no sevis panīkst.
like Ancient Egypt,
civilizācijām kā Seno Ēģipti,
they built these incredible aqueducts.
šos brīnišķīgos akveduktus.
listening to you
un raugoties uz tevis paveikto,
things you've done,
ir šī unikālā dubultmotivācija,
double motivation on everything
for humanity's long-term good.
cilvēces ilgtermiņa labā.
to do something exciting.
like you need the one to drive the other.
ka pirmais dzen uz priekšu otro.
to have sustainable energy,
ilgtspējīgu enerģiju,
exciting cars to do it.
šos superseksīgos, aizraujošos auto.
tāpēc jāizveido šie brīnišķīgie jumti.
tavam jaunākajam projektam,
about your newest thing,
no slikta mākslīgā saprāta,
this really cool brain-machine interface
smadzeņu-mašīnas saskarni,
un telepātijas spējas, un tamlīdzīgi.
and telepathy and so forth.
like what you're saying is,
šķiet, ka tevis teiktais, ir:
of beauty and inspiration
un iedvesmas nozīme
es necenšos būt kaut kāds glābējs.
piekristu, ka tas nav...
to happen inevitably.
you dream this stuff,
would dare dream,
neuzdrošinās sapņot
would be capable of dreaming
is a really remarkable thing.
ir tiešām ievērības cienīgi.
sapņot lielākus sapņus!
to dream a bit bigger.
starts getting genuinely insane, right?
patiešām sākšu izklausīties vājprātīgs?
That was really, really fantastic.
Tas patiešām bija fantastiski.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Elon Musk - Serial entrepreneurElon Musk is the CEO and product architect of Tesla Motors and the CEO/CTO of Space Exploration Technologies (SpaceX).
Why you should listen
At SpaceX, Musk oversees the development of rockets and spacecraft for missions to Earth orbit and ultimately to other planets. In 2008, SpaceX’s Falcon 9 rocket and Dragon spacecraft won the NASA contract to provide cargo transport to space. In 2012, SpaceX became the first commercial company to dock with the International Space Station and return cargo to Earth with the Dragon.
At Tesla, Musk has overseen product development and design from the beginning, including the all-electric Tesla Roadster, Model S and Model X, and the rollout of Supercharger stations to keep the cars juiced up. (Some of the charging stations use solar energy systems from SolarCity, of which Musk is the non-executive chair.) Transitioning to a sustainable energy economy, in which electric vehicles play a pivotal role, has been one of his central interests for almost two decades. He co-founded PayPal and served as the company's chair and CEO.
Elon Musk | Speaker | TED.com