Elon Musk: The future we're building -- and boring
อีลอน มัสค์: อนาคตที่เรากำลังสร้างและขุด
Elon Musk is the CEO and product architect of Tesla Motors and the CEO/CTO of Space Exploration Technologies (SpaceX). Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
Elon, hey, welcome back to TED.
ยินดีตอนรับกลับสู่ TED
ว่าอนาคตที่น่าตื่นเต้นจะเป็นอย่างไร
an exciting future might look like,
ที่ออกจะประชดประชันเล็กน้อย
the first question a little ironic:
เครือข่ายอุโมงค์ 3 มิติ
be a 3D network of tunnels
soul-destroying things is traffic.
มากที่สุดอย่างหนึ่งคือ การจราจร
in every part of the world.
ทุกแห่งในโลก
มากับคุณด้วย
that's been shown of this.
So this is the first time --
that are important
and exit of the tunnel
ได้อย่างไร้รอยต่อ
that's on an elevator,
and exits to the tunnel network
to operate at 200 kilometers an hour.
ที่ความเร็ว 200 กิโลเมตรต่อชั่วโมง
or about 130 miles per hour.
หรือประมาณ 130 ไมล์ต่อชั่วโมง
to get from, say, Westwood to LAX
ไปยังสนามบินแอลเอ
of toll road-type basis.
alleviates some traffic
มันจะช่วยบรรเทาการจราจร
if people noticed it in the video,
สิ่งนี้ในวีดีโอหรือไม่
ว่าจะมีอุโมงค์ได้กี่ระดับ
to how many levels of tunnel you can have.
than you can go up.
than the tallest buildings are tall,
ความสูงของตึกที่สูงที่สุด
level of urban congestion
ได้ทุกระดับความรุนแรง
is that if you add one layer of tunnels,
ถ้าคุณเพิ่มอุโมงค์ชั้นหนึ่ง
it will get used up,
back with congestion.
คือจราจรติดขัดอีก
arbitrary number of tunnels,
it's incredibly expensive to dig,
the LA subway extension,
ของแอลเอ
a two-and-a-half mile extension
for two billion dollars.
to do the subway extension in LA.
สำหรับอุโมงค์ 1 ไมล์ใต้แอลเอ
utility subway in the world.
to dig tunnels normally.
at least a tenfold improvement
อย่างน้อยสิบเท่า
an order of magnitude improvement,
is to cut the tunnel diameter
according to regulations
ถ้าว่ากันตามกฎระเบียบแล้ว
maybe 28 feet in diameter
and emergency vehicles
for combustion engine cars.
สำหรับรถยนต์สันดาป
to what we're attempting,
ตามที่เราต้องการ
to get an electric skate through,
ลงได้ครึ่งหนึ่ง
by a factor of four,
with the cross-sectional area.
of magnitude improvement right there.
สำหรับการลดต้นทุนที่ตั้งใจไว้
for half the time, then they stop,
จะทำงานครึ่งหนึ่งของเวลาก่อสร้างทั้งหมด
is putting in reinforcements
สำหรับการเสริมความแข็งแรง
tunneling and reinforcing,
a factor of two improvement.
ก็จะทำให้กลายเป็น 8 เท่าตัว
at their power or thermal limits,
to the machine substantially.
at least a factor of two,
improvement on top of that.
straightforward series of steps
of an order of magnitude improvement
from "South Park,"
of going 14 times faster
dreaming about future cities,
the solution is flying cars, drones, etc.
so I like things that fly.
against flying things,
will be very high.
flying over your head,
going all over the place,
"Well, I feel better about today."
"Did they service their hubcap,
"พวกเค้าดูแลดุมล้อดีหรือไม่
and guillotine me?"
3D networks of tunnels underneath.
to use for this Hyperloop idea
sort of puttering around
adjacent to SpaceX,
ideas in transport.
the biggest vacuum chamber in the world
but it was kind of a hobby thing,
ในแบบงานอดิเรก
to push the student pods,
how fast we can make the pusher go
than the world's fastest bullet train
รถไฟหัวกระสุนที่เร็วที่สุด
into tiny pieces or go quite fast.
หรือวิ่งได้เร็วมาก ๆ
then, a Hyperloop in a tunnel
in order to make a tunnel,
a tunnel wall to be good
ที่ 1 เท่าของชั้นบรรยากาศ
that automatically,
to resist the water table,
capable of holding vacuum.
is in Elon's future to running Hyperloop?
ของความยาวอุโมงค์
to go underground the entire way
a lot of buildings and houses,
well, it's going to be pretty annoying
tunnel diameters beneath your house,
to detect it being dug at all.
to detect the tunnel being dug,
for that device from the Israeli military,
ด้วยการขายให้กองทัพอิสราเอล
tunnels from Hamas,
that try and detect drug tunnels.
ที่จะใช้ค้นหาอุโมงค์ขนยาเสพติด
at absorbing vibrations,
is below a certain level,
seismic instrument,
a new company to do this
hobby looks like.
and people doing it part time.
but it's making good progress, so --
cars and transport through Tesla.
และการขนส่งของเทสล่า
for the tunneling project
ของโครงการขุดอุโมงค์นี้หรือไม่
and where they're self-driving,
ซึ่งไร้คนขับ
more cars on the roads
that when you make cars autonomous,
and that will alleviate congestion.
และลดการจราจรลงได้
where it's much cheaper to go by car
การเดินทางด้วยรถจะถูกลง
will be better than that of a bus.
will be much greater with shared autonomy,
จะเพิ่มขึ้น
with the goal of persuading the world
was the future of cars,
people were laughing at you.
every auto manufacturer
ที่บริษัทผลิตรถยนต์ทุกค่าย
serious electrification plans
has some electric vehicle program.
about transitioning entirely to electric,
are still pursuing fuel cells,
กับการผลิตเซลล์พลังงาน
จะอยู่ได้อีกไม่นาน
and say, you know, "We did it."
and you go on and focus on other stuff?
as far into the future as I can imagine,
things that we have coming.
to be coming in July-ish.
for starting production in July.
that people are so excited about
would look like.
in Model S right now.
only cameras and GPS.
or radar being used here.
หรือแม้กระทั่งเรดาร์
which is essentially what a person uses.
is meant to be navigated
it's not solved.
ระบบก็ไม่เกิด
so heavily on having a vision neural net
ระบบรับภาพที่คล้ายระบบประสาท
are going the LIDAR route.
ใช้ระบบแสงเลเซอร์ตรวจจับ
be superhuman with just cameras.
ten times better than humans would,
have eight cameras in them.
for being able to go cross-country
of the year, fully autonomous.
เต็มรูปแบบ ภายในสิ้นปีนี้
of the year, you're saying,
without touching the steering wheel,
by the end of 2017.
ณ ปลายปี 2017
November or December of this year,
from a parking lot in California
ในแคลิฟอร์เนีย
during the entire journey.
of Teslas driving all these roads.
of data of that national road system.
จากระบบถนนของประเทศ
that will be interesting
it will be able to do that route
at one specific route, that's one thing,
really be very good,
to LA to New York.
and make it Seattle-Florida,
regulation for a second,
will be able to buy one of your cars
off the wheel and go to sleep
is not how do you make it work
one in a thousand times,
to be comfortable falling asleep.
or a thousand lifetimes,
if I were to live a thousand lives,
ถ้าเรามีชีวิตใหม่ได้ 1,000 ครั้ง
never experience a crash,
is that people may actually
to think that this is safe,
incident happen that puts things back.
ที่ทำให้สิ่งต่าง ๆ ชะงัก
is likely to at least mitigate the crash,
อย่างน้อยจะช่วยลดการชน
ที่เกิดได้น้อยมาก
about vehicle safety
a human driver gets in a car,
that is their fault.
โดยที่พวกเขาผิดเอง
need to be than a person
literally safe hands-off driving,
the whole industry seems massive,
of people being able to buy a car,
and then you let it go
service to other people,
of your lease of that car,
this is what will happen.
to use that car exclusively,
only by friends and family,
who are rated five star,
but not other times.
ในเวลาที่ต้องการ
to announce this in September,
ในเดือนกันยายน
anything you could show us today?
a teaser shot of the truck.
where we want to be cautious
just a little friendly neighborhood truck.
long-range semitruck.
และขับระยะทางไกล
the heavy-duty trucking loads.
people do not today think is possible.
power or it doesn't have enough range,
วิ่งไม่ได้ไกล
will tug the diesel semi uphill.
And short term, these aren't driverless.
that truck drivers want to drive.
really fun about this
with an electric motor,
เป็นเส้นตรงตามรอบเครื่อง
of internal combustion engine car,
that looks like a hill.
around like a sports car.
It's, like, single speed.
คุณเหยียบคันเร่งไปเรื่อย ๆ
to be made here somewhere.
and I don't know that it ends well,
for the first truck.
because you're driving around
and you're in this giant truck.
already driven a prototype?
around the parking lot,
driving this giant truck
OK, from a really badass picture
from "Desperate Housewives" or something.
the picture of the future
in the driveway.
the electric car and the house,
stacked up against the side of the house,
well, admittedly, it's a real fake house.
basically solar power, the ability to --
the texture and the color
sort of microlouvers in the glass,
at the roof from street level
behind it or not.
from a helicopter,
to look through and see
a solar cell behind them and some do not.
that are likely to see a lot of sun,
super affordable, right?
than just tiling the roof.
that the cost of the roof
than the cost of a normal roof
the warranty be infinity,
like were just talking rubbish,
in a couple week's time, I think,
with two, two initially,
will be introduced early next year.
could end up having this type of roofing?
the time scale here
ทุก 20-25 ปี
is replaced every 20 to 25 years.
all roofs immediately.
if you say were to fast-forward
that does not have solar.
that people don't get here
the economics of solar power,
enough sunlight on their roof
power all their needs.
relative to the roof area,
have enough roof area
of lithium-ion batteries,
the core competency.
the world's largest manufacturing plant
of lithium-ion batteries,
ทั่วโลกให้เป็นสองเท่า
a diamond shape overall,
it'll look like a giant diamond,
ให้อยู่ทางทิศเหนือที่แท้จริง
of batteries a year.
We think probably more, but yeah.
เราคิดว่าทำได้มากกว่านั้น แต่ก็ใช่
being produced right now.
CA: You guys put out this video.
ที่ทำให้ช้าลง
without a strobe light.
about what makes an exciting future
feel guilty about energy.
does it take to get us there?
ที่จะทำให้เราไปสู่จุดนั้นได้
off this vast fossil fuel thing.
that you can picture that project.
announce another two this year.
คุณวางแผนที่จะสร้างอีก 2 แห่งในปีนี้
and four Gigafactories later this year.
ช่วงปลายปีนี้
about politics, only one.
but I do want to ask you this.
giving advice to a guy --
really believe in climate change,
who think you shouldn't be doing that.
of going around the room
every month or two.
that there are people in the room
of doing something about climate change,
เท่าที่ผมได้เข้าร่วม
and in favor of climate change.
เรื่องคนเข้าเมืองและภาวะโลกร้อน
เป็นวาระล่วงหน้ามาก่อน
but at least the words were said.
แต่อย่างน้อยก็ได้ถูกพูดออกไป
a kind of incredibly ambitious dream
that were actually reusable.
What are we looking at here?
very high and fast in space.
at sort of Mach 7 or so,
หรือช่วงนั้น
the sped-up version.
figured out how to do it,
what, five or six times?
one of the rockets that landed.
and flew it again,
of an orbital booster
ของจรวดขับเคลื่อนระดับวงโคจร
that reusability is only relevant
to Boeing in-between flights.
ก่อนขึ้นบินใหม่
to dream of this really ambitious idea
this outrageous rocket to do it.
the scale of this thing.
you can see that's a person.
a 40-story skyscraper?
the thrust of the Saturn V moon rocket.
ที่ใช้ไปดวงจันทร์
rocket humanity ever created before.
ของจรวดใหญ่ที่สุดที่มนุษย์เคยสร้าง
EM: Yeah.
อีลอน: ใช่
a quarter of a million pounds of thrust,
of 120 747s, with all engines blazing.
ขับเคลื่อนไปพร้อม ๆ กัน
designed to escape Earth's gravity,
take a fully loaded 747,
ที่มีเชื้อเพลิงเต็มถัง
a fully loaded 747 with maximum fuel,
maximum cargo on the 747 --
this Interplanetary Transport System
30 years time? 20 years time?
30 หรือ 20 ปีจากนี้
an eight- to 10-year time frame.
มันน่าจะเกิดขึ้นใน 8-10 ปีนี้
are more aggressive, but I think --
with other rockets,
will be truly enormous.
on it in your lifetime,
what you've said you'd love to do?
and you want to live.
being out there among the stars
that we're going to have.
as an either or,
happening on the planet now
to, you know, you pick your issue.
a fair old bit to actually do that
from the standpoint of probabilities.
stream of probabilities,
that affect those probabilities
or slow down another thing.
to the probability stream.
เข้าไปในกระแสของความเป็นไปได้
will happen no matter what.
if Tesla never existed,
it means you have unsustainable energy.
แปลว่าพลังงานที่มีนั้นไม่ยั่งยืน
will drive civilization
of a company like Tesla
the advent of sustainable energy,
of a company like Tesla,
potentially more than a decade,
หรือมากกว่า
aspirational good of Tesla.
species and space-faring civilization.
หรือการเดินทางทางอวกาศ
this is not inevitable.
ที่มันไม่ใช่สิ่งที่หลีกเลี่ยงไม่ได้
I think is largely inevitable,
ผมคิดว่ามันหลีกเลี่ยงไม่ได้เลย
is definitely not inevitable.
ไม่ใช่เรื่องที่เลี่ยงไม่ได้
to send somebody to the moon.
take people to low Earth orbit.
could take no one to orbit.
just automatically improves.
work very hard to make it better,
เพื่อให้มันดีขึ้น
by itself degrade, actually.
เทคโนโลยีจะถดถอยลง
like Ancient Egypt,
they built these incredible aqueducts.
listening to you
things you've done,
double motivation on everything
for humanity's long-term good.
ในระยะยาวของมนุษย์
to do something exciting.
like you need the one to drive the other.
to have sustainable energy,
exciting cars to do it.
about your newest thing,
สิ่งที่คุณทำล่าสุดด้วยซ้ำ
ปัญประดิษฐ์ที่ไม่ดี
this really cool brain-machine interface
ที่เชื่อมต่อสมองเข้ากับจักรกล
and telepathy and so forth.
การใช้โทรจิต และอื่น ๆ
like what you're saying is,
of beauty and inspiration
to happen inevitably.
อย่างเลี่ยงไม่ได้
you dream this stuff,
would dare dream,
would be capable of dreaming
is a really remarkable thing.
เป็นสิ่งที่ยิ่งใหญ่จริง ๆ
to dream a bit bigger.
starts getting genuinely insane, right?
That was really, really fantastic.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Elon Musk - Serial entrepreneurElon Musk is the CEO and product architect of Tesla Motors and the CEO/CTO of Space Exploration Technologies (SpaceX).
Why you should listen
At SpaceX, Musk oversees the development of rockets and spacecraft for missions to Earth orbit and ultimately to other planets. In 2008, SpaceX’s Falcon 9 rocket and Dragon spacecraft won the NASA contract to provide cargo transport to space. In 2012, SpaceX became the first commercial company to dock with the International Space Station and return cargo to Earth with the Dragon.
At Tesla, Musk has overseen product development and design from the beginning, including the all-electric Tesla Roadster, Model S and Model X, and the rollout of Supercharger stations to keep the cars juiced up. (Some of the charging stations use solar energy systems from SolarCity, of which Musk is the non-executive chair.) Transitioning to a sustainable energy economy, in which electric vehicles play a pivotal role, has been one of his central interests for almost two decades. He co-founded PayPal and served as the company's chair and CEO.
Elon Musk | Speaker | TED.com