Anote Tong: My country will be underwater soon -- unless we work together
Аноте Тонг: Моя страна скоро уйдёт под воду, если мы не объединимся
Anote Tong has built worldwide awareness of the potentially devastating impacts of climate change. Full bio
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by just telling us about your country.
начать с рассказа о вашей стране.
Those dots are pretty huge.
и они довольно больши́е,
is about the size of California.
by saying how deeply grateful I am
выразить глубочайшую благодарность
with people who do care.
с неравнодушными людьми.
a lot of people who don't care too much.
которым всё равно.
of three groups of islands:
is perhaps the only country
это, возможно, единственная страна,
in the four corners of the world,
четырёх сторонах света:
in the Southern Hemisphere,
и Южном полушариях,
of the International Date Line.
от линии перемены даты.
made up of coral atolls,
из коралловых атоллов
two meters above sea level.
на два метра выше уровня моря.
than two kilometers in width.
двух километров в ширину.
I've been asked by people,
why don't you move back?"
почему не переехать вглубь?»
of what it is that's involved.
о чём идёт речь.
"Well, you can move back."
«Вы же можете переехать вглубь».
on the other side of the ocean. OK?
мы окажемся на другом берегу океана, ясно?
that people don't understand.
которые люди не понимают.
just a picture of fragility there.
impending peril for your country?
has been one that has been going on
климата продолжается
at the United Nations General Assembly,
на Генеральной Ассамблее ООН,
this controversy among the scientists
всё ещё шла полемика,
whether it was real or it wasn't.
и существует ли оно на самом деле.
was fairly much concluded in 2007
закончилась примерно в 2007 году
Report of the IPCC,
Комиссии по климатическим изменениям,
that it is real, it's human-induced,
что проблема реальна и вызвана человеком,
some very serious scenarios
очень серьёзные варианты развития событий
the predictions came in 2007,
варианты развития событий, прогнозы,
I think, that by 2100,
perhaps three feet.
повыситься почти на метр.
it's higher than that, for sure,
где уровень моря ещё выше,
to a skeptic who said,
скептикам, говорящим:
six feet above sea level.
выше уровня моря.
it's got to be understood
большого количества земель,
земель находится в низине.
we are getting the swells at the moment.
that is happening in the future.
bottom end of the spectrum.
who already have been dislocated.
которые были вынуждены переехать.
and every parliament session,
from different communities
мне поступают жалобы
about the freshwater lens
подземных резервуаров пресной воды, —
to the different islands,
что в посёлках люди
with the loss of food crops,
с потерей урожая пищевых культур,
perhaps leaving, having to relocate,
suffered its first cyclone,
впервые пострадала от урагана,
What happened here?
Что произошло?
that when you're on the equator,
понимают, что на экваторе
We're not supposed to get the cyclones.
у нас не должно быть ураганов.
either north or south.
либо на север, либо на юг.
at the beginning of this year,
which destroyed Vanuatu,
the very edges of it actually touched
when Hurricane Pam struck.
from my own constituency,
which had been there for decades,
которые росли там десятилетиями,
about the rising sea level,
о повышении уровня моря,
that happens gradually.
it comes with the swells,
и нарастания волн,
is the change in the weather pattern,
а именно изменение погодных условий —
than perhaps the rising sea level.
is already seeing effects now.
as a country, as a nation?
this story every year.
to try and get people to understand.
попытаться заставить людей понять.
мы думаем, что у нас есть план.
I think I spoke in Geneva
я произнёс речь в Женеве,
who was interviewing me
который брал у меня интервью
at floating islands,"
о плавающих островах».
but somebody said,
но кто-то сказал:
These people are looking for solutions."
Эти люди ищут решение».
at floating islands.
in building floating islands.
в постройке плавающих островов.
we have made a commitment
we will try as much as possible
something quite significant,
to continue to stay out of the water
чтобы не уйти под воду,
and as the storms get more severe.
а ураганы становятся сильнее.
very, very difficult
that we would need.
is some form of forced migration.
вынужденная миграция.
that nothing comes forward
если не будет никакой реакции
like what's happening in Europe.
что происходит в Европе.
at some point in time.
в определённый момент.
to give the people the choice today,
дать людям выбор сегодня,
and want to do that, to migrate.
смогли это сделать.
that they are forced to migrate
что вынудило бы их мигрировать,
our society is very different,
сильно отличаются,
into a different environment,
в другое окружение,
of adjustments that are required.
множество изменений.
in your country's past,
уже была вынужденная миграция.
or the day before yesterday,
I think somebody was asking
По-моему, кто-то спрашивал,
to visit that place.
a community of Kiribati people
потому что есть посёлок людей с Кирибати,
of the Solomon Islands,
from the Phoenix Islands, in fact,
с архипелага Феникс
could not continue to live on the island,
люди не могли продолжать жить на острове,
to live here in the Solomon Islands.
to meet with these people.
было очень интересно.
They hadn't heard of me.
они не слышали обо мне.
the opportunity to welcome me formally.
хотели встретиться официально.
was very interesting
было очень интересным:
they spoke back, they replied,
и, конечно, они отвечали,
not to be able to speak Kiribati properly.
не могут говорить на кирибати правильно.
this lady with red teeth.
с красными зубами.
the local people here,
there are bound to be changes.
a certain loss of identity,
потеря национальных черт,
looking for in the future
just an extraordinarily emotional day
чрезвычайно эмоциональный день
о национальной идентичности,
an emphasized sense of what they had lost.
и, может быть, острого чувства потери.
you're going to fight to the end
что вы собираетесь бороться до конца,
the nation in a location.
в процессе переселения.
a very difficult decision for me.
очень сложным решением.
to leave your island, your home,
покинуть свой остров, свой дом.
on a number of occasions,
and I've tried to live with it,
и я пытаюсь с этим примириться.
of not trying to solve the problem
что я не пытаюсь решить проблему,
to be done collectively.
and as I've often argued,
о чём я неоднократно говорил.
when we come to the United Nations --
the Pacific Island Forum countries
are also members,
Австралия и Новая Зеландия,
that to cut emissions,
that they're unable to do
на развитие промышленности.
выбросы в атмосферу,
само наше существование.
to weigh this, these moral issues.
the survival of a people.
и выживанием народа».
what made you angry,
But then you paused.
Но затем вы остановились.
statement at the United Nations.
моё заявление в ООН, сделанное ранее.
and then depressed.
а затем и подавлен.
that we have no hope of winning.
где у нас нет шансов на победу.
to somebody who was rational,
whatever that is.
абсолютно рациональным.
of your nation's identity is fishing.
неотъемлемая часть вашей нации.
is involved in fishing in some way.
в той или иной мере занят в нём.
every day, every day,
that our rate of consumption of fish
что наша норма потребления рыбы,
both at the local level
как на местном уровне,
that the country receives
you took a very radical step.
вы предприняли радикальные меры.
right here in the Phoenix Islands.
прямо здесь, на островах Феникс.
of what fish means for us.
что значит для нас рыба.
tuna fisheries remaining in the world.
something like 60 percent
for some species, but not all.
major resource owners,
percent of our revenue
schools and what have you.
и всего, что мы имеем.
and it was a very difficult decision.
а это было нелегко.
locally, it was not easy,
так и на политическом уровне.
that the fishery remains sustainable.
that some of the species,
was under serious threat.
and so that was the reason I did that.
вот почему я так поступил.
the international community
к международному сообществу,
in order to fight climate change,
с изменениями климата,
there has got to be commitment.
взять на себя обязательство.
to make a sacrifice,
need to make that sacrifice.
what that loss would be
at the beginning of this year,
of the lost revenue.
playing into this.
it may prompt healthier fisheries.
более здоровых рыбных питомников.
to move the price up
на оставшихся территориях?
have been very difficult,
to raise the cost of a vessel day.
to come in to fish for a day,
it was $6,000 and $8,000,
that significant increase.
what's important to note is,
and maybe catch 10 tons,
because they've become so efficient.
они вылавливают 100 тонн.
because the technology has so improved.
так как улучшились технологии.
moved from the Atlantic to the Pacific.
переместить из Атлантики в Тихий океан.
if they could, per se.
and they've become so efficient.
эти попытки стали очень эффективны.
of what it's like in those negotiations?
каково вести такие переговоры?
of dollars at stake, essentially.
with the same companies
с теми же компаниями о том,
the most for your country,
too often on licensing
сводим всё к лицензированию,
from license fees
мы получаем
of the landed value of the catch
not in the retail shops.
to do over the years
our participation in the industry,
we have to become more involved.
мы должны участвовать активнее.
that the world has changed.
что мир изменился.
и продавать рыбу.
for your local fishermen,
Are the waters depleted?
Истощены ли водные ресурсы?
on a sustainable basis?
in the commercial fishing activity
рыбной деятельности,
entirely for the foreign market,
для международного рынка,
to be able to catch yellowfin
out of the water by the hundreds of tons
of beautiful girls from your country.
из вашей страны.
would you have for the world?
that we really have to do something
что мы должны что-то предпринять
the future of these children.
будущее наших детей.
about the same age as these young girls,
они того же возраста, что эти девочки,
their own national interest,
regrettably, unfortunately,
климатические изменения
as a national problem. It's not.
но это не так.
we got into recently with our partners,
с нашими партнёрами,
"We can't cut any more."
что не могут сократить выбросы.
the Australian leader, said,
we are cutting back.
и сократили выбросы насколько могли.
Why don't you keep it?
Почему бы вам их не оставить себе?
the rest of your emissions
within your borders,
you're sending it our way,
the future of our children.
of the problem of climate change today.
причина климатических изменений.
at the end of this year,
as a global phenomenon,
глобальную проблему,
individually, as nations,
to do anything about it,
что-то предпринять на этот счёт
национальной проблемой,
dealt with collectively.
at responding to graphs and numbers,
в графиках и цифрах,
at responding to that sometimes.
very possible that your nation,
the intense problems you face,
to the world that shines most visibly,
I'm sure, on behalf of all of us,
and for being here.
и за то, что вы здесь.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Anote Tong - President of the Republic of KiribatiAnote Tong has built worldwide awareness of the potentially devastating impacts of climate change.
Why you should listen
His Excellency Anote Tong is the fourth President of the Republic of Kiribati. He was first elected as President on 10 July 2003 and subsequently won two more elections in 2007 and in 2012. He is now serving his last term, which will end in mid-2015. Under his leadership, President Anote Tong also holds the portfolio of Head of State and Minister of Foreign Affairs and Immigration.
Anote Tong was born in 1952 on Fanning Island (also known as Tabuaeran) in the Line Islands and is a member of the Kiribati House of Parliament from the constituency of Maiana Island in the central Kiribati group.
Educated in New Zealand and in England at the University of Canterbury and the London School of Economics respectively, President Tong holds a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Economics under his belt.
Since the beginning of his presidency, President Anote Tong has become a strong climate change advocate and has built worldwide awareness of the potentially devastating impacts of climate change.
He has stated on many occasions that Kiribati may cease to exist altogether and that its entire population may need to be resettled not as climate change refugees but as citizens who migrate on merit and with dignity.
With one of the lowest carbon-emission footprints in the world, Tong has often described Kiribati as a “frontline country” that has been among the first to experience dramatic climate change impacts.
As an extraordinary measure to set an example for the rest of the world, President Tong created the Phoenix Islands Protected Area, one of the largest marine protected areas in the world with a size of 408,250 square kilometers which was inscribed as a United Nations World Heritage site in 2008.
President Tong has won a number of awards and recognition that acknowledges his contribution and leadership on climate change and ocean conservation.
Anote Tong | Speaker | TED.com