ABOUT THE SPEAKER

Andrew McAfee - Management theorist
Andrew McAfee studies how information technology affects businesses and society.

Why you should listen

Andrew McAfee studies the ways that information technology (IT) affects businesses, business as a whole, and the larger society. His research investigates how IT changes the way companies perform, organize themselves and compete. At a higher level, his work also investigates how computerization affects competition, society, the economy and the workforce.

He's a principal research scientist at the Center for Digital Business at the MIT Sloan School of Management. His books include Enterprise 2.0 and Race Against the Machine (with Erik Brynjolfsson). Read more on his blog.

More profile about the speaker
Andrew McAfee | Speaker | TED.com

TED2013

Andrew McAfee: What will future jobs look like?

Andrew McAfee: Si do ngjajne punet e se ardhmes?

Filmed: 2013-02-28

Readability: 4.4

4,442,966 views

Ekonomisti Andrew McAfee sugjeron se, po, ndoshta, androidet do na marin punet -- ose te pakten ato lloj punesh qe ne njohim tashme. Ne kete fjalim largpames, ai mendon permes asaj se si do ngjajne punet e se ardhmes, dhe si te edukojme brezin e ardhshem per ti mbajtur ata.

Andrew McAfee - Management theorist
Andrew McAfee studies how information technology affects businesses and society. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12

The writer George Eliot cautioned us that,

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Shkrimtarja George Eliot
na terhoqi vemendjen se,

00:15

among all forms of mistake,

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nga te gjitha format e gabimit

00:17

prophesy is the most gratuitous.

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profesia eshte me e lira.

00:19

The person that we would all acknowledge

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Personi qe te gjithe do njihnim

00:21

as her 20th-century counterpart, Yogi Berra, agreed.

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si homologu i saj i shekullit te 20-te,
Yogi Berra, ra dakort me te.

00:25

He said, "It's tough to make predictions,

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Ai tha, "Eshte e veshtire te parashikosh,

00:27

especially about the future."

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sidomos mbi te ardhmen."

00:30

I'm going to ignore their cautions

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Une do anashkaloj paralajmerimet e tyre

00:32

and make one very specific forecast.

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dhe do bej nje parashikim shume specifik.

00:34

In the world that we are creating very quickly,

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Ne boten qe ne po krijojme shume shpejt,

00:36

we're going to see more and more things

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do shohim gjithnje e me shume gjera

00:38

that look like science fiction,

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qe ngjajne me fantashkence,

00:40

and fewer and fewer things that look like jobs.

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dhe shume pak gjera qe ngjajne me pune.

00:43

Our cars are very quickly going to start driving themselves,

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Makinat tona shume shpejt do drejtohen vete

00:46

which means we're going to need fewer truck drivers.

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qe do te thote se do na duhen me
pak shofera kamioni.

00:48

We're going to hook Siri up to Watson

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Do lidhim Siri me Watson

00:51

and use that to automate a lot of the work

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dhe ta perdorim ate per te automatizuar
shume pune

00:53

that's currently done by customer service reps

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qe momentalisht behen nga
perfaqesues te sherbimit te klientit

00:55

and troubleshooters and diagnosers,

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dhe ekspert dhe diagnostikues,

00:58

and we're already taking R2D2,

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dhe tashme po marim R2D2,

01:00

painting him orange, and putting him to work

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te lyer portokalli, dhe e veme ne pune

01:04

carrying shelves around warehouses,

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per te mbajtur rafte ne magazina,

01:06

which means we need a lot fewer people

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qe do te thote se na duhen me pak njerez

01:08

to be walking up and down those aisles.

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per te ecur larte e poshte
neper ato korridore.

01:10

Now, for about 200 years,

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Per rreth 200 vjet,

01:14

people have been saying exactly what I'm telling you --

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njerezit kane thene ekzaktesisht
ate cka po ju them une--

01:16

the age of technological unemployment is at hand —

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mosha e papunesise teknologjike eshte afer--

01:19

starting with the Luddites smashing looms in Britain

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duke filluar me Ludditet qe
shkaterruan tezgjahet ne Britani

01:22

just about two centuries ago,

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rreth dy shekuj me pare,

01:23

and they have been wrong.

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dhe eshte e gabuar.

01:25

Our economies in the developed world have coasted along

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Ekonomite tona ne boten
e zhvilliuar kane arritur

01:28

on something pretty close to full employment.

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ne dicka qe ngjason me punesim te plote.

01:30

Which brings up a critical question:

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E cila sjell nje pyetje kritike:

01:32

Why is this time different, if it really is?

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Pse eshte ndryshe kete radhe,
nese eshte vertet?

01:35

The reason it's different is that, just in the past few years,

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Arsyeja pse eshte ndryshe
eshte sepse vitet e fundit

01:38

our machines have started demonstrating skills

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makinerite tona kane filluar
te demostrojne aftesi

01:40

they have never, ever had before:

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qe nuk i kane pasur kurre me pare:

01:43

understanding, speaking, hearing, seeing,

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per te kuptuar, te folur, te degjuar, te shikuar,

01:46

answering, writing, and they're still acquiring new skills.

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per tu pergjigjur, te shkruar, dhe
jane ne kerkim te aftesive te reja.

01:50

For example, mobile humanoid robots

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Per shembull, robotet humanoid te levizshem

01:53

are still incredibly primitive,

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jane akoma teper primitiv,

01:55

but the research arm of the Defense Department

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por sektori i kerkimit
ne Departamentin e Mbrojtjes

01:57

just launched a competition

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sapo hapi nje konkurs

01:58

to have them do things like this,

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per te arritur qe ata te bejne gjera si keto,

02:00

and if the track record is any guide,

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dhe nese gjykojme
nga publikimet e meparshme,

02:02

this competition is going to be successful.

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ky konkurs do jete i suksesshem.

02:05

So when I look around, I think the day is not too far off at all

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Kur shikoj perreth, mendoj se
nuk eshte aspak e larget dita

02:08

when we're going to have androids

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kur androidet

02:10

doing a lot of the work that we are doing right now.

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do te bejne shumicen e punes
qe ne bejme tani.

02:13

And we're creating a world where there is going to be

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Ne po ndertojme nje bote ku do te kete

02:17

more and more technology and fewer and fewer jobs.

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shume e me shume teknologji
dhe pak e me pak pune.

02:21

It's a world that Erik Brynjolfsson and I are calling

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Eshte nje bote qe Erik Brynjolfsson
dhe une e quajme

02:23

"the new machine age."

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"Epoka e re e makines."

02:24

The thing to keep in mind is that

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Dicka per tu mbajtur ne mendje eshte se

02:27

this is absolutely great news.

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keto jane absolutisht lajme te mira.

02:29

This is the best economic news on the planet these days.

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Keto jane lajmet me te mira ekonomike
ne planet ne kete moment.

02:32

Not that there's a lot of competition, right?

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Jo se ka shume kompeticion, apo jo?

02:36

This is the best economic news we have these days

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Keto jane lajmet me te mira
ekonomike keto dite

02:38

for two main reasons.

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per dy arsye kryesore.

02:39

The first is, technological progress is what allows us

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E para, eshte progresi teknologjik
ai qe na lejon ne

02:42

to continue this amazing recent run that we're on

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te vazhdojme kete vrap mahnites
ne te cilen ndodhemi

02:46

where output goes up over time,

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aty ku prodhimi rritet gjate kohes,

02:49

while at the same time, prices go down,

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ndersa cmimet bien,

02:52

and volume and quality just continue to explode.

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dhe sasia dhe cilesia thjesht
vazhdojne te shperthejne.

02:56

Now, some people look at this and talk about

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Disa njerez e shohin kete si

02:58

shallow materialism,

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materialismin e ceket,

03:00

but that's absolutely the wrong way to look at it.

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por kjo eshte absolutisht menyra
e gabuar per ta pare ate.

03:02

This is abundance, which is exactly

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Ky eshte bollek, qe eshte saktesisht

03:05

what we want our economic system to provide.

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ajo qe duam qe te siguroje sistemi ekonomik.

03:08

The second reason that the new machine age

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Arsyeja e dyte, qe epoka e re makines

03:11

is such great news is that, once the androids

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eshte kaq lajm i mire eshte sepse,
sapo androidet

03:14

start doing jobs, we don't have to do them anymore,

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te fillojne te kryejne pune,
nuk do na duhet me ti bejme ne

03:17

and we get freed up from drudgery and toil.

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dhe do te lirohemi nga angaria
dhe punet e rendomta.

03:21

Now, when I talk about this with my friends

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Kur e diskutoj kete me miqte e mi

03:23

in Cambridge and Silicon Valley, they say,

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ne Cambridge dhe ne Silicon Valley, ata thone,

03:25

"Fantastic. No more drudgery, no more toil.

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"Fantastike. Nuk ka me angari,
nuk ka me pune te rendomta.

03:27

This gives us the chance to imagine

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Kjo na jep mundesine te imagjinojme

03:29

an entirely different kind of society,

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nje shoqeri komplet ndryshe,

03:32

a society where the creators and the discoverers

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nje shoqeri ku krijuesit dhe zbuluesit

03:35

and the performers and the innovators

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dhe performuesit dhe novatoret

03:36

come together with their patrons and their financiers

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bashkohen me klientet dhe financuesit e tyre

03:40

to talk about issues, entertain, enlighten,

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per te diskutuar mbi subjekte te ndryshme,

03:43

provoke each other."

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frymezojne dhe konfrontojne njeri tjetrin."

03:45

It's a society really, that looks a lot like the TED Conference.

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Eshte nje shoqeri, e cila ngjason
shume me Konferencen TED.

03:49

And there's actually a huge amount of truth here.

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Dhe ka nje te vertete te madhe ketu.

03:52

We are seeing an amazing flourishing taking place.

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Po shohim nje lulezim te mahnitshem.

03:55

In a world where it is just about as easy

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Ne nje bote ku eshte po aq e thjeshte

03:57

to generate an object as it is to print a document,

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te prodhosh nje objekt
apo te printosh nje dokument,

04:00

we have amazing new possibilities.

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kemi mundesi te reja te mahnitshme.

04:02

The people who used to be craftsmen and hobbyists

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Njerezit te cilet kane qene
mjeshter dhe amatore

04:06

are now makers, and they're responsible

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tashme jane krijues, dhe jane pergjegjes

04:08

for massive amounts of innovation.

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per nje numer te madh risish.

04:10

And artists who were formerly constrained

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Artiste qe me pare kane qene te limituar

04:13

can now do things that were never, ever possible

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tashme mund te bejne gjera qe
nuk kane qene kurre te mundshme

04:16

for them before.

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me pare per ata.

04:18

So this is a time of great flourishing,

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Pra kjo eshte nje kohe lulezimi

04:20

and the more I look around, the more convinced I become

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dhe sa me shume shoh perreth,
me shume bindem

04:23

that this quote, from the physicist Freeman Dyson,

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qe citati i fizikantit Freeman Dyson,

04:26

is not hyperbole at all.

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nuk eshte aspak hiperbolik.

04:28

This is just a plain statement of the facts.

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Kjo eshte thjesht nje deklarate
e qarte mbi fakte.

04:31

We are in the middle of an astonishing period.

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Jemi ne mes te nje periudhe mahnitese.

04:32

["Technology is a gift of God. After the gift of life it is perhaps the greatest of God's gifts. It is the mother of civilizations, of arts and of sciences." — Freeman Dyson]

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("Teknologjia eshte nje dhurate nga Zoti. Pas dhurates se jetes eshte dhurata me e bukur nga te gjitha dhuratat e Zotit. Eshte nena e civilizimit, e artit dhe shkences." Freeman Dyson)

04:33

Which brings up another great question:

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Qe sjell nje tjeter pyetje te madhe:

04:36

What could possibly go wrong in this new machine age?

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Cfare mund te shkoje keq ne kete epoke e re te makines?

04:39

Right? Great, hang up, flourish, go home.

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Apo jo? Mire, mjaft, perparon, shko ne shtepi.

04:42

We're going to face two really thorny sets of challenges

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Do perballemi me dy seri sfidash te veshtira

04:45

as we head deeper into the future that we're creating.

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ndersa futemi me thelle
ne te ardhmen qe po krijojme.

04:48

The first are economic, and they're really nicely summarized

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Te parat jane ekonomite,
dhe qe permblidhen shume mire

04:51

in an apocryphal story about a back-and-forth

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ne nje histori fiktive rreth komunikimit

04:54

between Henry Ford II and Walter Reuther,

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ndermjet Henry Ford II dhe Walter Reuther,

04:57

who was the head of the auto workers union.

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i cili ishte kryetar i sindikates se
punetoreve te automobilave.

05:00

They were touring one of the new modern factories,

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Po vizitonin nje nga fabrikat e reja moderne

05:02

and Ford playfully turns to Reuther and says,

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dhe Ford me shaka kthehet
nga Reuther dhe i thote,

05:05

"Hey Walter, how are you going to get these robots

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"Hej Walter, si do ti besh keta robote

05:07

to pay union dues?"

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te paguajne detyrimet e sindikates?"

05:09

And Reuther shoots back, "Hey Henry,

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Dhe Reuther ja kthen, "Hej Henry,

05:11

how are you going to get them to buy cars?"

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si do ti besh ata te blejne makina?"

05:15

Reuther's problem in that anecdote

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Problemi i Reuther ne ate anektode

05:18

is that it is tough to offer your labor to an economy

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ishte se eshte e veshtire te ofrosh
punen tende ne nje ekonomi

05:22

that's full of machines,

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e cila eshte e mbushur me makineri,

05:24

and we see this very clearly in the statistics.

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dhe kete e shohim shume qarte
neper stastistika.

05:26

If you look over the past couple decades

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Nese do kthehesh te shohesh
disa dekada perpara

05:29

at the returns to capital -- in other words, corporate profits --

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ne kthimet e kapitalit --
e thene ndryshe, perfitimet e korporatave --

05:32

we see them going up,

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i shohim ne ngritje,

05:34

and we see that they're now at an all-time high.

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dhe shohim qe tani ato jane
me te larta se ne te gjitha koherat.

05:36

If we look at the returns to labor, in other words

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Nese shohim ne kthimet mbi punen,
ose ndryshe

05:39

total wages paid out in the economy,

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paga totale te paguara ne ekonomi,

05:41

we see them at an all-time low

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i shohim si me te ultat e te gjithe koherave

05:43

and heading very quickly in the opposite direction.

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dhe i jane drejtuar shume shpejt
drejtimit te kundert.

05:46

So this is clearly bad news for Reuther.

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Pra keto jane lajme te keqija per Reuther.

05:48

It looks like it might be great news for Ford,

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Duket sikur mund te jene
lajme te mira per Ford,

05:52

but it's actually not. If you want to sell

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por realisht nuk jane. Nese doni te shisni

05:54

huge volumes of somewhat expensive goods to people,

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sasi te medha te mirash materiale
te shtrenjta tek njerezit,

05:57

you really want a large, stable, prosperous middle class.

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realisht ju doni nje klase te mesme
te madhe, stabel dhe te suksesshme.

06:01

We have had one of those in America

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E kemi pasur nje te tille ne Amerike

06:03

for just about the entire postwar period.

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per gjithe periudhen pas lufte.

06:06

But the middle class is clearly under huge threat right now.

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Por klasa e mesme eshte qartazi
ne rrezik te larte tashme.

06:10

We all know a lot of the statistics,

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Dihen shume statistika,

06:12

but just to repeat one of them,

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por po perseris nje nga ato,

06:14

median income in America has actually gone down

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e ardhura mesatare ne Amerike eshte ulur

06:17

over the past 15 years,

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per 15 vitet e kaluara

06:18

and we're in danger of getting trapped

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dhe jemi ne rrezik te zihemi ne kurth

06:20

in some vicious cycle where inequality and polarization

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ne nje cikel vicioz
ku pabarazia dhe polarizimi

06:24

continue to go up over time.

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vazhdojne te ngrihen ne lidhje me kohen.

06:27

The societal challenges that come along

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Sfidat shoqerore qe vine

06:30

with that kind of inequality deserve some attention.

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me ate lloj pabarazie meritojne vemendje.

06:32

There are a set of societal challenges

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Ka nje grup sfidash shoqerore

06:34

that I'm actually not that worried about,

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per te cilat nuk shqetesohem shume,

06:36

and they're captured by images like this.

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te cilat tregohen ne keto imazhe.

06:38

This is not the kind of societal problem

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Ky nuk eshte lloji i problemit shoqeror

06:40

that I am concerned about.

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per te cilin shqetesohem.

06:42

There is no shortage of dystopian visions

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Nuk na mungojne vizionet anti-utopike

06:45

about what happens when our machines become self-aware,

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per ate cka ndodh kur makinerite tona
behet te vetedijshme,

06:48

and they decide to rise up and coordinate attacks against us.

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dhe vendosin te ngrihen dhe
te kordinojne sulme ndaj nesh.

06:51

I'm going to start worrying about those

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Do filloj te shqetesohem per ato

06:53

the day my computer becomes aware of my printer.

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diten qe kompjuteri im
do te njohe printerin tim.

06:56

(Laughter) (Applause)

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(Te qeshura) (Duartrokitje)

07:00

So this is not the set of challenges we really need to worry about.

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Pra ky nuk eshte grupi i sfidave per te cilat
ne duhet te shqetesohemi.

07:03

To tell you the kinds of societal challenges

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Per t'ju treguar llojet e sfidave shoqerore

07:06

that are going to come up in the new machine age,

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qe do shfaqen ne epoken e re te makines,

07:08

I want to tell a story about two stereotypical American workers.

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dua t'ju tregoj nje histori per dy punetore
tipik Amerikane.

07:12

And to make them really stereotypical,

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Dhe per ti bere ata tipik te vertete,

07:13

let's make them both white guys.

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le t'i supozojme te dy te bardhe.

07:15

And the first one is a college-educated

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I pari eshte nje i edukuar ne universitet

07:19

professional, creative type, manager,

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profesionist, tip krijues, drejtues,

07:22

engineer, doctor, lawyer, that kind of worker.

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2751

inxhinier, doktor, avokat, ky lloj punonjesi.

07:25

We're going to call him "Ted."

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Do ta quajme "Ted."

07:28

He's at the top of the American middle class.

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Ai eshte ne maje te klases se mesme
Amerikane.

07:30

His counterpart is not college-educated

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Homologu i tij nuk eshte i edukuar
ne universitet

07:33

and works as a laborer, works as a clerk,

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dhe punon si nje punetor,
punon si nje nepunes,

07:36

does low-level white collar or blue collar work in the economy.

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ben pune te nivelit te ulet ne zyra ose
te klases punetore qe kryen pune manuale.

07:39

We're going to call that guy "Bill."

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Do ta quajme ate person "Bill."

07:41

And if you go back about 50 years,

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Dhe nese kthehesh pas rreth 50 vjet,

07:44

Bill and Ted were leading remarkably similar lives.

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Bill dhe Ted benin jete shume te ngjashme.

07:47

For example, in 1960 they were both very likely

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Per shembull, ne 1960 kishte
shume mundesi qe te dy

07:50

to have full-time jobs, working at least 40 hours a week.

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te kishin pune me orar te plote,
nga 40 ore ne jave.

07:53

But as the social researcher Charles Murray has documented,

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Por sic ka dokumentuar edhe
studiuesi social Charles Murray,

07:57

as we started to automate the economy,

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nderkohe qe filluam te automatizojme
ekonomine,

07:59

and 1960 is just about when computers started to be used by businesses,

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467993

4147

dhe ne 1960 sapo kishte filluar qe
bizneset te perdornin kompjutera,

08:04

as we started to progressively inject technology

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472140

2871

nderkohe qe filluam progresivisht
te injektojme teknologjine

08:07

and automation and digital stuff into the economy,

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475011

2736

dhe automatizimin dhe dixhitalizimin
ne ekonomi,

08:09

the fortunes of Bill and Ted diverged a lot.

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pasurite e Bill dhe Ted ndryshuan shume.

08:12

Over this time frame, Ted has continued

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Gjate kesaj kornize kohe, Ted ka vazhduar

08:14

to hold a full-time job. Bill hasn't.

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te mbaje nje pune me orar te plote.
Por jo Bill.

08:17

In many cases, Bill has left the economy entirely,

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Ne shume raste, Billi ka qene pa pune fare,

08:21

and Ted very rarely has.

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kurse Ted shume rralle.

08:24

Over time, Ted's marriage has stayed quite happy.

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Gjate kohes, martesa e Ted ka qene
plotesisht e lumtur.

08:27

Bill's hasn't.

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Por jo ajo e Billit.

08:29

And Ted's kids have grown up in a two-parent home,

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Femijet e Ted jane rritur ne nje shtepi
me dy prinder,

08:32

while Bill's absolutely have not over time.

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3220

gje qe s'ndodhi me ata te Billit.

08:35

Other ways that Bill is dropping out of society?

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Menyra te tjera si Bill po mbetet
jashte shoqerise?

08:38

He's decreased his voting in presidential elections,

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S'merr pjese ne votimin
per zgjedhjet presidenciale,

08:41

and he's started to go to prison a lot more often.

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3993

dhe ka filluar te hyje me shpesh ne burg.

08:45

So I cannot tell a happy story about these social trends,

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Pra nuk mund te them nje histori te gezuar
per keto prirje shoqerore,

08:49

and they don't show any signs of reversing themselves.

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2747

dhe te cilet nuk tregojne asnje shenje
per te rikthyer veten.

08:52

They're also true no matter which ethnic group

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520443

2973

Jane gjithashtu te verteta, pavaresisht
te kujt grupi etnik

08:55

or demographic group we look at,

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1721

apo demografik qe shohim,

08:57

and they're actually getting so severe

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525137

2076

dhe realisht po rendesohen me shume

08:59

that they're in danger of overwhelming

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1771

saqe jane ne rrezik per derrmim

09:00

even the amazing progress we made with the Civil Rights Movement.

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edhe pas progresit te mahnitshem qe
beme me Levizjen e te Drejtave Civile.

09:04

And what my friends in Silicon Valley

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532632

2512

Dhe ajo cka miqte e mi ne Silicon Valley

09:07

and Cambridge are overlooking is that they're Ted.

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5251

dhe Cambridge po vene re,
eshte se ata jane Ted.

09:12

They're living these amazingly busy, productive lives,

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3437

Po jetojne keto jete shume
te angazhuara, produktive,

09:15

and they've got all the benefits to show from that,

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2390

dhe i kane te gjitha perfitimet lidhur me to,

09:18

while Bill is leading a very different life.

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ndersa Bill po jeton nje jete shume ndryshe.

09:20

They're actually both proof of how right Voltaire was

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2140

Jane te dy deshmi te saktesise se Voltaire

09:22

when he talked about the benefits of work,

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2252

kur fliste per perfitimet e punes,

09:25

and the fact that it saves us from not one but three great evils.

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dhe per faktin qe na shpeton ne nga
jo nje por tre te keqija te medha.

09:28

["Work saves a man from three great evils: boredom, vice and need." — Voltaire]

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556630

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("Puna e shpeton njeriun nga tre te keqija te medha: merzitja, vesi dhe nevoja." - Voltaire)

09:29

So with these challenges, what do we do about them?

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3336

Pra me keto sfida, cfare bejme ndaj tyre?

09:32

The economic playbook is surprisingly clear,

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2583

Skenari ekonomik eshte cuditerisht i qarte,

09:35

surprisingly straightforward, in the short term especially.

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3140

cuditerisht i hapur, sidomos
ne terma afatshkurter.

09:38

The robots are not going to take all of our jobs in the next year or two,

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566686

2892

Robotet nuk do na marin te gjithe punet
per nja dy vjet,

09:41

so the classic Econ 101 playbook is going to work just fine:

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4468

pra skenari klasik Econ 101 do funksionoje
shume mire:

09:46

Encourage entrepreneurship,

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2152

Inkurajoni siperrmarresin,

09:48

double down on infrastructure,

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investoni ne infrastrukture,

09:50

and make sure we're turning out people

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dhe sigurohuni qe sistemi i edukimit

09:52

from our educational system with the appropriate skills.

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te nxjerre njerez me aftesite e duhura.

09:55

But over the longer term, if we are moving into an economy

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3277

Por ne afagjate, nese po shkojme
drejt nje ekonomie

09:58

that's heavy on technology and light on labor,

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2652

qe eshte e rende ne teknologji
dhe e lehte ne fuqi punetore,

10:01

and we are, then we have to consider

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589619

2428

qe eshte e vertete, atehere
duhet te marim parasysh

10:04

some more radical interventions,

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592047

1784

disa nderhyrje me radikale,

10:05

for example, something like a guaranteed minimum income.

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593831

3199

per shembull, dicka si garantimin
e te ardhurave minimale.

10:09

Now, that's probably making some folk in this room uncomfortable,

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3712

Kjo ndoshta do te merzise disa nga ju,

10:12

because that idea is associated with the extreme left wing

224

600742

3857

sepse idea shoqerizohet me krahun
ekstrem te se majtes

10:16

and with fairly radical schemes for redistributing wealth.

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604599

3219

dhe me skema radikale
per rishperndarjen e pasurise.

10:19

I did a little bit of research on this notion,

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607818

1953

Kam bere nje studim
te vogel mbi kete nocion,

10:21

and it might calm some folk down to know that

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2455

dhe mund te qetesoje
disa njerez duke ditur se

10:24

the idea of a net guaranteed minimum income

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idea e nje garancie
mbi te ardhurat minimale neto

10:26

has been championed by those frothing-at-the-mouth socialists

229

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3162

eshte mbrojtur nga
ajo mase shkumuese socialiste

10:30

Friedrich Hayek, Richard Nixon and Milton Friedman.

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618035

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Friedrich Hayek, Richard Nixon
dhe Milton Friedman.

10:35

And if you find yourself worried

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1879

Dhe nese e gjeni veten duke u shqetesuar

10:37

that something like a guaranteed income

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se dicka si te ardhurat e garantuara

10:40

is going to stifle our drive to succeed

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2275

do mbyse udhen tone drejt suksesit

10:42

and make us kind of complacent,

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1764

dhe te na beje te vetekenaqur,

10:44

you might be interested to know that social mobility,

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2790

mund te jeni te interesuar te dini
se levizshmeria sociale,

10:47

one of the things we really pride ourselves on in the United States,

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2675

nje nga gjerat mbi te cilet ne krenohemi
ne Shtetet e Bashkuara,

10:50

is now lower than it is in the northern European countries

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3340

eshte tani me e ulet se sa ne shtetet
veriore Europiane

10:53

that have these very generous social safety nets.

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3199

te cilat kane ato sistemet sociale
te sigurta e bujare.

10:56

So the economic playbook is actually pretty straightforward.

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2792

Pra skenari ekonomik eshte aktualisht
shume i hapur.

10:59

The societal one is a lot more challenging.

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Ai shoqeror eshte shume me sfidues.

11:02

I don't know what the playbook is

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2148

Une nuk e di cili eshte skenari

11:04

for getting Bill to engage and stay engaged throughout life.

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3828

per ta bere Bill te angazhohet dhe
te qendroje i angazhuar gjate jetes se tij.

11:08

I do know that education is a huge part of it.

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2504

Por di qe edukimi eshte nje pjese
shume e madhe e saj.

11:11

I witnessed this firsthand.

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1780

Jam deshmitar i kesaj.

11:12

I was a Montessori kid for the first few years of my education,

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660847

3756

Kam bere shkollen Montessori
ne vitet e para te edukimit tim,

11:16

and what that education taught me

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1529

dhe ajo qe mesova

11:18

is that the world is an interesting place

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2091

eshte se bota eshte nje vend interesant

11:20

and my job is to go explore it.

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2641

dhe puna ime eshte ta eksploroj ate.

11:22

The school stopped in third grade,

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670864

1701

Shkolla mbaroi ne klasen e trete,

11:24

so then I entered the public school system,

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672565

2068

dhe une hyra ne nje shkolle publike,

11:26

and it felt like I had been sent to the Gulag.

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4366

dhe kisha ndjesine sikur
me kishin derguar ne Gulag.

11:30

With the benefit of hindsight, I now know the job

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2901

Tani me pas kur e mendoj,
e di se detyra ishte

11:33

was to prepare me for life as a clerk or a laborer,

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681900

2514

te me pergatisnin per jeten
si nje nepunes ose nje punetor,

11:36

but at the time it felt like the job was to kind of

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2330

por ne ate kohe dukesh
sikur puna e tyre ishte

11:38

bore me into some submission with what was going on around me.

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3824

te me merziste deri ne nenshtrim ndaj
asaj qe po ndodhte rreth meje.

11:42

We have to do better than this.

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Duhet te bejme me shume se aq.

11:43

We cannot keep turning out Bills.

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Nuk mund te vazhdojme te kthehemi ne Bill.

11:47

So we see some green shoots that things are getting better.

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2344

Po shohim disa filiza jeshile
se gjerat po permiresohen.

11:49

We see technology deeply impacting education

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2824

Shohim teknologjine
e cila influencon thelle edukimin

11:52

and engaging people, from our youngest learners

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dhe angazhon njerezit,
duke filluar nga nxenesit me te rinj

11:55

up to our oldest ones.

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1764

deri tek me te vjetrit.

11:57

We see very prominent business voices telling us

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2620

Shohim disa zera shume
spikates te cilet na thone

11:59

we need to rethink some of the things that we've been holding dear for a while.

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3216

se duhet te rimendojme disa nga gjerat
qe po ruajme per ca kohe.

12:02

And we see very serious and sustained

264

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2260

Dhe shohim perpjekje serioze
e te qendrueshme

12:05

and data-driven efforts to understand

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2804

te bazuara ne te dhena per te kuptuar

12:07

how to intervene in some of the most troubled communities that we have.

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3543

si te nderhyjme ne disa nga komunitetet
me shqetesuese qe kemi.

12:11

So the green shoots are out there.

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2209

Pra filizat jeshile jane dukur tashme.

12:13

I don't want to pretend for a minute

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Nuk po pretendoj per asnje moment

12:15

that what we have is going to be enough.

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1942

se ajo cka kemi do jete mjaftueshem.

12:17

We're facing very tough challenges.

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Po perballemi me sfida shume te ashpra.

12:19

To give just one example, there are about five million Americans

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Per te dhene nje shembull, ekzistojne
me perafersi pese milion Amerikane

12:22

who have been unemployed for at least six months.

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2814

te cilet jane te papune
per te pakten gjashte muaj.

12:25

We're not going to fix things for them

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1342

Nuk do ti riparojme gjerat per ta

12:26

by sending them back to Montessori.

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2443

duke i derguar ata mbrapsht
ne shkollen Montessori.

12:28

And my biggest worry is that we're creating a world

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2355

Dhe shqetesimi im me i madh
eshte se po krijojme nje bote

12:31

where we're going to have glittering technologies

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2549

ku do te kemi teknologji vezelluese

12:33

embedded in kind of a shabby society

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2305

te ngulitura ne nje shoqeri te lene pas dore

12:36

and supported by an economy that generates inequality

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2967

dhe te mbeshtetur nga ekonomi
e cila gjeneron pabarazi

12:39

instead of opportunity.

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ne vend te mundesive.

12:40

But I actually don't think that's what we're going to do.

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Por realisht une nuk mendoj
se ne do te bejme ate.

12:43

I think we're going to do something a lot better

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1629

Une mendoj se do bejme dicka shume me mire

12:44

for one very straightforward reason:

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2110

per nje arsye shume te qarte:

12:47

The facts are getting out there.

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1968

Faktet jane te dukshme.

12:49

The realities of this new machine age

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2042

Realiteti e kesaj epoke te re te makines

12:51

and the change in the economy are becoming more widely known.

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3315

dhe ndryshimi ne ekonomi
po behet me i perhapur.

12:54

If we wanted to accelerate that process, we could do things

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2851

Nese donim ta pershpejtonim ate proces,
mund te benim gjera

12:57

like have our best economists and policymakers

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si p.sh. te vendosnim ekonomistet
dhe politikeberesit me te mire

13:00

play "Jeopardy!" against Watson.

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2419

te luanin "Jeopardy!" kunder Watson.

13:02

We could send Congress on an autonomous car road trip.

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Mund te dergonim Kongresin ne
nje udhetim me makina robotike.

13:05

And if we do enough of these kinds of things,

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Dhe nese bejme mjaftueshem
nga keto lloj gjerash,

13:07

the awareness is going to sink in that things are going to be different.

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3404

ndergjegjesimi do mbytet ne ate
qe gjerat do jene ndryshe.

13:11

And then we're off to the races,

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Dhe atehere ne jemi jashte garave,

13:12

because I don't believe for a second

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2430

sepse nuk mendoj per asnje sekond

13:15

that we have forgotten how to solve tough challenges

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se kemi harruar te zgjidhim
sfida te veshtira

13:18

or that we have become too apathetic or hard-hearted to even try.

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4350

ose jemi bere shume apatik
ose zemer-ngurte per te provuar.

13:22

I started my talk with quotes from wordsmiths

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E fillova fjalimin tim me citate
nga ekspert te fjales

13:24

who were separated by an ocean and a century.

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2816

te cilat ndaheshin nga nje oqean
dhe nje shekull.

13:27

Let me end it with words from politicians

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2152

Me lejoni ta mbyll me fjale nga politikane

13:29

who were similarly distant.

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1731

te cilet ishin njesoj te larget.

13:31

Winston Churchill came to my home of MIT in 1949,

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799655

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Winston Churchill erdhi ne shtepine
time te MIT ne 1949,

13:34

and he said, "If we are to bring the broad masses

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2148

dhe tha, "Nese do sjellim masen e gjere

13:37

of the people in every land to the table of abundance,

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3710

te njerezve te seciles toke
ne tryezen e bollekut,

13:40

it can only be by the tireless improvement

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3030

mund te ndodhe vetem
nga permiresimi i palodhshem

13:43

of all of our means of technical production."

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2973

i te gjitha mjeteve te prodhimit teknik."

13:46

Abraham Lincoln realized there was one other ingredient.

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2619

Abraham Lincoln zbuloi
se kishte nje tjeter perberes.

13:49

He said, "I am a firm believer in the people.

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2898

Ai tha, "Une jam nje besimtar
solid i njerezve.

13:52

If given the truth, they can be depended upon

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Nese u jep te verteten, ata mund
te krijojne varesi mbi te

13:54

to meet any national crisis.

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2369

per te perballuar cdo krize nacionale.

13:57

The great point is to give them the plain facts."

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2784

Pika kryesore eshte ti japesh
atyre fakte te qarta."

13:59

So the optimistic note, great point that I want to leave you with

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827852

3110

Pra shenimi optimist, pika kryesore
qe une dua t'ju le

14:02

is that the plain facts of the machine age are becoming clear,

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3145

eshte se faktet e qarta te epokes se re
te makines po qartesohen,

14:06

and I have every confidence that we're going to use them

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2457

dhe une kam besim se do ti perdorim ato

14:08

to chart a good course into the challenging,

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2915

per te hapur nje rruge te mire

14:11

abundant economy that we're creating.

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2533

drejt ekonomise se bollekut qe po krijojme.

14:14

Thank you very much.

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842012

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Falemnderit shume.

14:15

(Applause)

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(Duartrokitje)

ABOUT THE SPEAKER

Andrew McAfee - Management theorist
Andrew McAfee studies how information technology affects businesses and society.

Why you should listen

Andrew McAfee studies the ways that information technology (IT) affects businesses, business as a whole, and the larger society. His research investigates how IT changes the way companies perform, organize themselves and compete. At a higher level, his work also investigates how computerization affects competition, society, the economy and the workforce.

He's a principal research scientist at the Center for Digital Business at the MIT Sloan School of Management. His books include Enterprise 2.0 and Race Against the Machine (with Erik Brynjolfsson). Read more on his blog.

More profile about the speaker
Andrew McAfee | Speaker | TED.com

THE ORIGINAL VIDEO ON TED.COM

Andrew McAfee: Si do ngjajne punet e se ardhmes? | TED Talk | TED.com