TEDGlobal 2013
Lian Pin Koh: A drone's-eye view of conservation
Lian Pin Ko (Lian Pin Koh): Pogled na konzervat iz perspektive drona
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Ekolog Lian Pin Ko predstavlja ubedljiv slučaj za korišćenje dronova kako bi se zaštitile šume i životinjski svet. Ove lagane autonomne letelice mogu da prate životinje u svojim prirodnim staništima, nadgledaju zdravlje tropskih šuma, mogu čak i da se bore sa zločinima tako što otkrivaju lovokradice uz pomoć termovizijskog snimanja. Dodatni plus? Veoma su dostupni.
Lian Pin Koh - Drones ecologist
Lian Pin Koh expands conservation efforts by championing the use of low-cost autonomous aerial vehicles. Full bio
Lian Pin Koh expands conservation efforts by championing the use of low-cost autonomous aerial vehicles. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
When we think of Nepal,
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Kada pomislimo na Nepal
00:15
we tend to think of the snow-capped mountains
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obično pomislimo na planine Himalaja
00:17
of the Himalayas,
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prekrivene snegom
00:19
the crystal-clear still waters of its alpine lakes,
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na kristalno čiste stajaće vode
njihovih alpskih jezera
njihovih alpskih jezera
00:22
or the huge expanse of its grasslands.
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ili na ogromna prostranstva
njihovih pašnjaka.
njihovih pašnjaka.
00:25
What some of us may not realize
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Ono što možda neki od nas ne shvataju
00:27
is that in the Himalayan foothills,
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je to da u podnožju Himalaja,
00:30
where the climate is much warmer
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gde je klima dosta toplija
00:32
and the landscape much greener,
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i pejzaž zeleniji,
00:34
there lives a great diversity of wildlife,
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živi mnogo vrsta divljih životinja,
00:36
including the one-horned rhinoceros,
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uključujući i jednorogog nosoroga,
00:39
the Asian elephant
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azijskog slona,
00:41
and the Bengal tiger.
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i bengalskog tigra.
00:43
But unfortunately, these animals
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Ali nažalost, ove životinje
00:45
are under constant threat from poachers
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su u neprestanoj opasnosti od lovokradica
00:47
who hunt and kill them for their body parts.
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koji ih love i ubijaju zbog delova tela.
00:51
To stop the killing of these animals,
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Kako bi sprečili ubijanje ovih životinja,
00:53
battalions of soldiers and rangers
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bataljoni vojnika i rendžera
00:55
are sent to protect Nepal's national parks,
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šalju se da čuvaju
nacionalni park Nepal,
nacionalni park Nepal,
00:59
but that is not an easy task,
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ali to nije lak zadatak,
01:00
because these soldiers have to patrol
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jer ovi vojnici moraju da obilaze
01:03
thousands of hectares of forests on foot
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hiljade hektara šuma peške
01:06
or elephant backs.
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ili na slonovima.
01:08
It is also risky for these soldiers
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Takođe je opasno za ove vojnike
01:10
when they get into gunfights with poachers,
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kada uđu u vatreni okršaj
sa lovokradicama,
sa lovokradicama,
01:12
and therefore Nepal is always looking
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i zbog toga Nepal uvek traga
01:14
for new ways to help with protecting the forests
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za novim načinima da pomogne
u očuvanju šuma
u očuvanju šuma
01:18
and wildlife.
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i životinjskog i biljnog sveta.
01:20
Well recently, Nepal acquired a new tool
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Nepal je nedavno
nabavio novo oružje
nabavio novo oružje
01:22
in the fight against wildlife crime,
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u borbi protiv zločina prema životinjama,
01:25
and these are drones,
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a to su dronovi,
01:27
or more specifically, conservation drones.
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tačnije, konzervacioni dronovi.
01:30
For about a year now, my colleagues and I
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Sad već oko godinu dana,
moje kolege i ja
moje kolege i ja
01:32
have been building drones for Nepal
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pravimo dronove za Nepal
01:35
and training the park protection personnel
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i obučavamo ljude koji čuvaju park
01:37
on the use of these drones.
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kako da koriste ove dronove.
01:39
Not only does a drone give you
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Dron ne samo da vam omogućava
01:41
a bird's-eye view of the landscape,
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sliku predela iz ptičje perspektive,
01:43
but it also allows you to capture detailed,
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već i omogućava detaljne slike
01:46
high-resolution images of objects on the ground.
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visoke rezolucije objekata na zemlji.
01:50
This, for example, is a pair of rhinoceros
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Ovde, na primer,
vidimo jedan par nosoroga
vidimo jedan par nosoroga
01:54
taking a cooling bath on a hot summer day
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kako se hlade u vodi
po vrelom letnjem danu
po vrelom letnjem danu
01:57
in the lowlands of Nepal.
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u nizini Nepala.
01:59
Now we believe that drones have
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Verujemo da dronovi imaju
02:01
tremendous potential,
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ogroman potencijal
02:03
not only for combating wildlife crime,
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ne samo u borbi
protiv zločina prema životinjama,
protiv zločina prema životinjama,
02:05
but also for monitoring the health
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već i za nadgledanje zdravlja
02:07
of these wildlife populations.
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ove populacije životinja.
02:10
So what is a drone?
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Dakle, šta je to dron?
02:12
Well, the kind of drone I'm talking about
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Pa, vrsta drona o kojoj ja govorim
02:14
is simply a model aircraft
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je jednostavno maketa letelice
02:16
fitted with an autopilot system,
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opremljena autopilotskim sistemom,
02:19
and this autopilot unit contains a tiny computer,
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i ta autopilotska jedinica
ima sićušni kompjuter,
ima sićušni kompjuter,
02:23
a GPS, a compass, a barometric altimeter
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GPS, kompas, barometarski visinomer
02:27
and a few other sensors.
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i nekoliko drugih senzora.
02:29
Now a drone like this
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Ovakav dron,
02:31
is meant to carry a useful payload,
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predviđen je da nosi
neki koristan teret,
neki koristan teret,
02:33
such as a video camera
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kao što je video kamera
02:35
or a photographic camera.
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ili fotoaparat.
02:37
It also requires a software that allows the user
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Potreban mu je i softver
koji omogućava korisniku
koji omogućava korisniku
02:40
to program a mission,
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da programira misiju,
02:42
to tell the drone where to go.
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da govori dronu kuda da ide.
02:44
Now people I talk to are often surprised
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Ljudi sa kojima ja razgovaram
obično su iznenađeni
obično su iznenađeni
02:46
when they hear that these are the only
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kada čuju da su ovo jedine
četiri komponente
četiri komponente
02:49
four components that make a conservation drone,
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koje čine konzervacioni dron,
02:52
but they are even more surprised
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a još više su iznenađeni
02:53
when I tell them how affordable
these components are.
these components are.
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kada im kažem
koliko su ove komponente dostupne.
koliko su ove komponente dostupne.
02:57
The facts is, a conservation drone
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Istina je da konzervaconi dron
02:59
doesn't cost very much more than
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ne košta puno više
03:01
a good laptop computer
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od nekog dobrog laptop komjutera
03:03
or a decent pair of binoculars.
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ili dobrog dvogleda.
03:07
So now that you've built
your own conservation drone,
your own conservation drone,
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I sad kada sagradite
sopstveni konzervacioni dron,
sopstveni konzervacioni dron,
03:10
you probably want to go fly it,
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verovatno da biste hteli
da letite njime,
da letite njime,
03:12
but how does one fly a drone?
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međutim, kako se upravlja dronom?
03:14
Well, actually, you don't,
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Pa, u stvari, i ne upravlja se,
03:15
because the drone flies itself.
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jer dron sam leti.
03:18
All you have to do is to program a mission
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Sve što vi treba da uradite
je da programirate misiju
je da programirate misiju
03:21
to tell the drone where to fly.
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koja govori dronu kuda da leti.
03:23
But you simply do that by clicking on
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A to jednostavno uradite
tako što kliknete
tako što kliknete
03:25
a few way points on the Google Maps interface
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na nekoliko tačaka
na interfejsu Gugl mape
na interfejsu Gugl mape
03:29
using the open-source software.
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koristeći softver otvorenog koda.
03:31
Those missions could be as simple
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Ove misije mogu biti jednostavne
03:33
as just a few way points,
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kada ima samo nekoliko tačaka,
03:35
or they could be slightly longer
and more complicated,
and more complicated,
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ili mogu biti nešto duže i složenije
03:38
to fly along a river system.
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kada se leti duž vodenog sistema.
03:41
Sometimes, we fly the drone
in a lawnmower-type pattern
in a lawnmower-type pattern
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Ponekad spustimo dron
da leti vrlo nisko
da leti vrlo nisko
03:45
and take pictures of that area,
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i fotografiše taj predeo,
03:47
and those pictures can be processed
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i te fotografije se mogu obraditi
03:49
to produce a map of that forest.
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da se dobije mapa te šume.
03:51
Other researchers might want to fly the drone
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Drugi istraživači bi možda hteli
da lete dronom
da lete dronom
03:54
along the boundaries of a forest
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duž oboda šume
03:56
to watch out for poachers or people
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i motre na lovokradice ili ljude
03:58
who might be trying to enter the forest illegally.
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koji možda pokušavaju
da nelegalno uđu u šumu.
da nelegalno uđu u šumu.
04:01
Now whatever your mission is,
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Šta god da je vaša misija,
04:03
once you've programmed it,
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kada je jednom programirate,
04:05
you simply upload it to the autopilot system,
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jednostavno je postavite
na autopilotski sistem,
na autopilotski sistem,
04:08
bring your drone to the field,
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postavite svoj dron na polje
04:09
and launch it simply by tossing it in the air.
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i lansirate ga tako što ga
prosto bacite u vazduh.
prosto bacite u vazduh.
04:12
And often we'll go about this mission
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I često ćemo i krenuti na ovu misiju
04:15
taking pictures or videos along the way,
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da bismo fotografisali ili snimali usput,
04:18
and usually at that point,
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i obično tada,
04:20
we will go grab ourselves a cup of coffee,
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uzmemo šolju kafe,
04:22
sit back, and relax for the next few minutes,
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zavalimo se i opustimo nekoliko minuta,
04:25
although some of us sit back
and panic for the next few minutes
and panic for the next few minutes
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mada neki od nas se zavale
i paniče tih nekoliko minuta
i paniče tih nekoliko minuta
04:28
worrying that the drone will not return.
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jer se brinemo da se dron neće vratiti.
04:31
Usually it does, and when it does,
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Obično se vrati, i kada se to desi,
04:33
it even lands automatically.
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obično sleti automatski.
04:36
So what can we do with a conservation drone?
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Dakle, šta sve možemo raditi
sa konzervacionim dronom?
sa konzervacionim dronom?
04:39
Well, when we built our first prototype drone,
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Kada smo sagradili
naš prvi prototip drona,
naš prvi prototip drona,
04:43
our main objective was to fly it over
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naš glavni cilj bio je da preleti
04:45
a remote rainforest in North Sumatra, Indonesia,
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preko udaljene tropske šume
u Severnoj Sumatri, u Indoneziji,
u Severnoj Sumatri, u Indoneziji,
04:49
to look for the nest of a species of great ape
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i da traga za gnezdom
bezrepog majmuna
bezrepog majmuna
04:52
known as the orangutan.
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poznatom kao orangutan.
04:54
The reason we wanted to do that was because
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Ovo smo želeli da uradimo
04:57
we needed to know how many individuals
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jer smo morali da znamo
koliko je pripadnika te vrste
koliko je pripadnika te vrste
04:59
of this species are still left in that forest.
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još ostalo u toj šumi.
05:02
Now the traditional method of surveying
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Tradicionalni metod potrage
za orangutanima
za orangutanima
05:05
for orangutans is to walk the forest on foot
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je pešačenje kroz šumu
05:08
carrying heavy equipment
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sa teškom opremom
05:10
and to use a pair of binoculars
to look up in the treetops
to look up in the treetops
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i sa dvogledom kako biste
videli i krošnje
videli i krošnje
05:14
where you might find an orangutan or its nest.
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u kojima možete naći orangutana
ili njegovo gnezdo.
ili njegovo gnezdo.
05:17
Now as you can imagine,
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Kao što možete zamisliti,
05:19
that is a very time-consuming, labor-intensive,
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ovo je vrlo dugotrajan, mučan
05:22
and costly process,
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i skup proces,
05:23
so we were hoping that drones
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stoga smo se nadali da bi dronovi
05:25
could significantly reduce the cost of surveying
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mogli znatno da smanje
troškove potrage
troškove potrage
05:29
for orangutan populations in Indonesia
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za populacijom orangutana u Indoneziji
05:31
and elsewhere in Southeast Asia.
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i drugde u jugoistočnoj Aziji.
05:34
So we were very excited when we captured
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Bili smo vrlo uzbuđeni
kada smo uhvatili na kameri
kada smo uhvatili na kameri
05:36
our first pair of orangutan nests on camera.
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naš prvi par gnezda orangutana.
05:39
And this is it; this is the first ever picture
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I evo; ovo je prva fotografija
gnezda orangutana
gnezda orangutana
05:42
of orangutan nests taken with a drone.
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koju je snimio dron.
05:45
Since then we have taken pictures
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Od tada fotografisali smo
05:47
of dozens of these nests
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na desetine ovakvih gnezda
05:49
from around various parts of Southeast Asia,
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iz raznih delova jugoistočne Azije,
05:52
and we're now working with computer scientists
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i trenutno sarađujemo
sa kompjuterskim naučnicima
sa kompjuterskim naučnicima
05:54
to develop algorithms that can automatically count
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kako bismo razvili algoritam
koji automatski detektuje
koji automatski detektuje
05:58
the number of nests from the thousands
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broj gnezda sa hiljade slika
06:00
of photos we've collected so far.
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koje smo dosad sakupili.
06:03
But nests are not the only objects
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Ali gnezda nisu jedine stvari
06:05
these drones can detect.
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koje dronovi mogu da detektuju.
06:07
This is a wild orangutan
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Ovo je divlji orangutan
06:09
happily feeding on top of a palm tree,
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koji se bezbrižno hrani
na krošnji palminog drveta,
na krošnji palminog drveta,
06:12
seemingly oblivious to our drone
that was flying overhead,
that was flying overhead,
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naizgled nesvestan našeg drona
koji je leteo iznad,
koji je leteo iznad,
06:15
not once but several times.
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ne jedanput nego više puta.
06:18
We've also taken pictures of other animals
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Fotografisali smo i druge životinje
06:21
including forest buffalos in Gabon,
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uključujući i šumskog bizona u Gabonu,
06:24
elephants, and even turtle nests.
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slonove, čak i gnezda kornjača.
06:27
But besides taking pictures
of just the animals themselves,
of just the animals themselves,
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Ali pored fotografisanja samih životinja,
06:30
we also take pictures of the habitats
these animals live in,
these animals live in,
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fotogafisali smo i staništa
u kojima ove životinje žive
u kojima ove životinje žive
06:34
because we want to keep track
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jer želimo da pratimo
06:36
of the health of these habitats.
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koliko su zdrava ta staništa.
06:39
Sometimes, we zoom out a little
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Ponekad malo odzumiramo
06:41
and look at other things that might be happening
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i posmatramo druge stvari
koje se dešavaju
koje se dešavaju
06:44
in the landscape.
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na tom predelu.
06:45
This is an oil palm plantation in Sumatra.
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Ovo je plantaža palminog ulja na Sumatri.
06:48
Now oil palm is a major driver of deforestation
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Palmino ulje je glavni uzrok krčenja šuma
06:52
in that part of the world,
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u tom delu sveta,
06:53
so we wanted to use this new drone technology
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pa smo hteli da iskoristimo
novu tehnologiju dronova
novu tehnologiju dronova
06:56
to keep track of the spread of these plantations
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da pratimo širenje ovih plantaža
06:59
in Southeast Asia.
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u jugoistočnoj Aziji.
07:01
But drones could also be used to keep track of
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Ali dronovi bi takođe mogli
da se koriste za praćenje
da se koriste za praćenje
07:04
illegal logging activities.
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nelegalne seče drveća.
07:06
This is a recently logged forest,
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Ova šuma je skoro posečena,
07:09
again in Sumatra.
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opet na Sumatri.
07:10
You could even still see the processed
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Možete čak da vidite
07:12
wooden planks left on the ground.
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obrađene daske drveta na zemlji.
07:16
But perhaps the most exciting part
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Međutim, možda je najuzbudljiviji deo
07:18
about taking pictures from the air is
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fotografisanja iz vazduha
07:21
we could later stitch these pictures together
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taj što kasnije možemo da spojimo te slike
07:23
using special software to create a map
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uz pomoć specijalnog softvera
i napravimo mapu
i napravimo mapu
07:26
of the entire landscape, and this map
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čitavog predela, i ova mapa
07:29
gives us crucial information
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nam daje presudnu informaciju
07:31
for monitoring land use change,
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za nadgledanje promene namene zamljišta,
07:33
to let us know where and when
plantations might be expanding,
plantations might be expanding,
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obaveštava nas gde i kada
se plantaže proširuju,
se plantaže proširuju,
07:37
where forests might be contracting,
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gde se šume smanjuju,
07:39
or where fires might be breaking out.
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ili gde se javljaju požari
07:42
Aerial images could also be processed
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Slike iz vazduha se takođe mogu obraditi
07:45
to produce three-dimensional
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kako bi se dobio trodimenzionalni
07:47
computer models of forests.
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kompjuterski model šume.
07:49
Now these models are not just visually appealing,
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Ovi modeli nisu samo primamljivi za oko,
07:52
but they are also geometrically accurate,
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već su i geometrijski precizni,
07:54
which means researchers can now measure
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što znači da istraživači sada mogu da mere
07:57
the distance between trees,
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razdaljinu između drveća,
07:59
calculate surface area, the volume of vegetation,
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računaju površinu oblasti,
gustinu vegetacije,
gustinu vegetacije,
08:02
and so on, all of which are important information
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i tako dalje, sve informacije
koje su bitne
koje su bitne
08:06
for monitoring the health of these forests.
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za nadgledanje zdravlja ovih šuma.
08:09
Recently, we've also begun experimenting
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Nedavno smo takođe
počeli da eksperimentišemo
počeli da eksperimentišemo
08:11
with thermal imaging cameras.
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sa termalnim kamerama.
08:13
Now these cameras can detect
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Ove kamere mogu da opaze
08:15
heat-emitting objects from the ground,
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objekte koji emituju toplotu sa zemlje,
08:17
and therefore they are very useful
for detecting poachers or their campfires at night.
for detecting poachers or their campfires at night.
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i stoga su vrlo korisne za otkrivanje
lovokradica ili vatre koju pale noću.
lovokradica ili vatre koju pale noću.
08:25
So I've told you quite a lot about
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Pa, rekao sam vam dosta toga
08:27
what conservation drones are,
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o tome šta su konzervacioni dronovi,
08:29
how you might operate one of these drones,
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kako možete upravljati njima,
08:31
and what a drone could do for you.
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i šta dron može učiniti za vas.
08:33
I will now tell you where conservation drones
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Sada ću vam reći gde se koriste
08:35
are being used around the world.
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konzervacioni dronovi širom sveta.
08:38
We built our first prototype drones in Switzerland.
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Sagradili smo naše prve
prototipske dronove u Švajcarskoj.
prototipske dronove u Švajcarskoj.
08:41
We brought a few of these to Indonesia
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Doneli smo nekoliko tih u Indoneziju
08:43
for the first few test flights.
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za prve testove letenja.
08:45
Since then, we've been building drones
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Od tada gradimo dronove
08:47
for our collaborators from around the world,
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za naše saradnike širom sveta,
08:50
and these include fellow biologists
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a među njima su kolege biolozi
08:52
and partners from major conservation organizations.
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i partneri iz glavnih organizacija
za očuvanje.
za očuvanje.
08:56
Perhaps the best and most rewarding part
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Jedna od možda najboljih
i najisplativijih stvari
i najisplativijih stvari
08:58
about working with these collaborators
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u radu sa ovim saradnicima
09:00
is the feedback they give us
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su povratne informacije koje nam daju
09:02
on how to improve our drones.
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o tome kako da unapredimo
naše dronove.
naše dronove.
09:04
Building drones for us is
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Pravljenje dronova za nas
09:06
a constant work in progress.
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predstavlja neprekidan rad.
09:09
We are constantly trying to improve them in terms of
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Neprekidno pokušavamo da ih usavršimo
u pogledu
u pogledu
09:12
their range, their ruggedness,
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dometa, stabilnosti,
09:14
and the amount of payload they can carry.
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i količine tereta koji mogu da nose.
09:17
We also work with collaborators
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Takođe radimo sa saradnicima
09:19
to discover new ways of using these drones.
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kako bismo otkrili nove načine
da iskoristimo ove dronove.
da iskoristimo ove dronove.
09:22
For example, camera traps are a common tool
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Na primer, skrivene kamere
su opšte poznate
su opšte poznate
09:26
used by biologists to take pictures of shy animals
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među biolozima kada fotografišu
povučene životinje
povučene životinje
09:30
hiding in the forests,
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koje se kriju u šumi,
09:31
but these are motion-activated cameras,
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ali ove kamere su osetljive na pokret,
09:33
so they snap a picture every time an animal
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tako da slikaju svaki put
kada se neka životinja
kada se neka životinja
09:36
crosses their path.
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nađe na njihovom putu.
09:38
But the problem with camera traps
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Međutim, problem sa skrivenim kamerama
09:39
is that the researcher has to go back to the forest
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je taj što istraživač mora
da se vraća u šumu
da se vraća u šumu
09:43
every so often to retrieve those images,
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s vremena na vreme kako bi
preuzeo slike,
preuzeo slike,
09:46
and that takes a lot of time,
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i za to je potrebno dosta vremena,
09:48
especially if there are dozens
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posebno ako ima na desetine
09:50
or hundreds of these cameras placed in the forest.
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ili stotine ovakvih kamera
koje su postavljene u šumi.
koje su postavljene u šumi.
09:53
Now a drone could be designed to perform the task
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Dron može biti napravljen tako
da izvede zadatak
da izvede zadatak
09:56
much more efficiently.
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mnogo efikasnije.
09:58
This drone, carrying a special sensor,
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Ovaj dron, koji nosi poseban senzor,
10:00
could be flown over the forest
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može preletati preko šume
10:03
and remotely download these images
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i skidati slike sa daljine
10:05
from wi-fi–enabled cameras.
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sa kamera kojima je povezan
bežičnim internetom.
bežičnim internetom.
10:10
Radio collars are another tool
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Okovratnik za praćenje
je još jedna alatka
je još jedna alatka
10:12
that's commonly used by biologists.
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koju biolozi obično koriste.
10:14
Now these collars are put onto animals.
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Ovi okovratnici se stavljaju životinjama
10:17
They transmit a radio signal which allows
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i odašilju radio signal zahvaljujući kom
10:19
the researcher to track the movements
of these animals across the landscape.
of these animals across the landscape.
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istraživači prate pokrete ovih životinja
po čitavom predelu.
po čitavom predelu.
10:25
But the traditional way of tracking animals
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A tradicionalan način praćenja životinja
10:27
is pretty ridiculous,
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je prilično smešan,
10:29
because it requires the researcher to be walking
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jer zahteva da istraživač ide peške
10:32
on the ground carrying a huge
and cumbersome radio antenna,
and cumbersome radio antenna,
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noseći veliku i glomaznu radio antenu
10:36
not unlike those old TV antennae we used to have
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sličnu onim starim TV antenama
koje smo držali na krovovima.
koje smo držali na krovovima.
10:39
on our rooftops. Some of us still do.
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Neki od nas ih drže i dan danas.
10:42
A drone could be used to do the same job
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Dron se može iskoristiti za isti posao
10:45
much more efficiently.
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mnogo efikasnije.
10:46
Why not equip a drone
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Zašto ne bismo opremili dron
10:48
with a scanning radio receiver,
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sa radio prijemnikom za skeniranje,
10:50
fly that over the forest canopy
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i pustili ga da leti
iznad šumskih krovova
iznad šumskih krovova
10:52
in a certain pattern
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po određenom šablonu
10:53
which would allow the user or the operator
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koji bi omogućio korisniku ili rukovaocu
10:56
to triangulate the location
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2582
da triangulira lokaciju
10:59
of these radio-collared animals remotely
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2987
ovih životinja sa okovratnicima
za daljinsko praćenje,
za daljinsko praćenje,
11:02
without having to step foot in the forest.
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2973
a da pri tom ne moraju
ni da zakorače u šumu.
ni da zakorače u šumu.
11:05
A third and perhaps most exciting way
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Treći i možda najuzbudljiviji način
11:07
of using these drones
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da se iskoriste ovi dronovi
11:09
is to fly them to a really remote,
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je da ih pustimo
u neku stvarno udaljenu,
u neku stvarno udaljenu,
11:12
never-explored-before rainforest
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do sad neistraženu tropsku šumu
11:14
somewhere hidden in the tropics,
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skrivenu negde oko povratnika,
11:16
and parachute down a tiny spy microphone
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i padobranom spustimo
sićušni špijunski mikrofon
sićušni špijunski mikrofon
11:20
that would allow us to eavesdrop on the calls
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koji bi nam omogućio
da prisluškujemo dozivanja
da prisluškujemo dozivanja
11:22
of mammals, birds, amphibians,
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sisara, ptica, vodozemaca,
11:26
the Yeti, the Sasquatch, Bigfoot, whatever.
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Jetija, Saskvoča, Bigfuta, koga god.
11:30
That would give us biologists
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To bi nama biolozima dalo
11:32
a pretty good idea of what animals
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ideju o tome koje sve životinje
11:33
might be living in those forests.
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žive u tim šumama.
11:36
And finally, I would like to show you
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I na kraju, želeo bih da vam pokažem
11:38
the latest version of our conservation drone.
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poslednju verziju
našeg konzervacionog drona.
našeg konzervacionog drona.
11:41
The MAJA drone has a wingspan
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MAJA dron ima raspon krila
11:43
of about two meters.
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od oko dva metra.
11:45
It weighs only about two kilograms,
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Teži svega oko dva kilograma,
11:47
but it can carry half its weight.
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ali može da nosi polovinu svoje težine.
11:49
It is a fully autonomous system.
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Ima potpuno autonoman sistem.
11:52
During its mission, it can even transmit
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Tokom misije može čak da uspostavi
11:54
a live video feed back to a ground station laptop,
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direktan prenos sa laptopom
koji je povezan sa satelitom,
koji je povezan sa satelitom,
11:58
which allows the user
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i omogućava korisniku
12:00
to see what the drone is seeing in real time.
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da vidi ono što dron vidi
u realnom vremenu.
u realnom vremenu.
12:03
It carries a variety of sensors,
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Nosi razne senzore,
12:05
and the photo quality of some of these sensors
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i kvalitet fotografije nekih senzora
12:08
can be as high as one to two centimeters per pixel.
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može biti centimetar do dva po pikselu.
12:12
This drone can stay in the air for 40 to 60 minutes,
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Ovaj dron može ostati u vazduhu
od 40 do 60 minuta,
od 40 do 60 minuta,
12:15
which gives it a range of up to 50 kilometers.
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što mu daje raspon do 50 kilometara.
12:19
That is quite sufficient for most
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Ovo je sasvim dovoljno
12:20
of our conservation applications.
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za većinu naših primena u konzervatu.
12:23
Now, conservation drones began as
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Konzervacioni dronovi su nastali kao
12:26
a crazy idea from two biologists
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luda zamisao dva biologa
12:28
who are just deeply passionate
about this technology.
about this technology.
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koji su jednostavno obožavali
ovu vrstu tehnologije.
ovu vrstu tehnologije.
12:31
And we believe, strongly believe,
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I mi verujemo, duboko verujemo,
12:33
that drones can and will be a game changer
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da dronovi mogu da budu
i biće velika prekretnica
i biće velika prekretnica
12:37
for conservation research and applications.
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za konzervaciona istraživanja i primene.
12:40
We've had our fair share of skeptics and critics
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Susreli smo se sa dosta
skeptika i kritičara
skeptika i kritičara
12:43
who thought that we were just
fooling around with toy planes.
fooling around with toy planes.
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koji su mislili da se mi samo
igramo sa aviončićima.
igramo sa aviončićima.
12:46
And in a way, they are right.
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I u neku ruku, u pravu su.
12:48
I mean, let's be honest,
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Mislim, budimo iskreni,
12:49
drones are the ultimate toys for boys.
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dronovi su vrhunske igračke za dečake.
12:53
But at the same time, we've also gotten to know
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Ali istovremeno, upoznali smo
12:55
many wonderful colleagues and collaborators
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puno divnih kolega i saradnika
12:58
who share our vision
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koji dele našu zamisao
12:59
and see the potential of conservation drones.
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i vide potencijal konzervacionih dronova.
13:02
To us, it is obvious that conservation biologists
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Nama je očigledno
da konzervacioni biolozi
da konzervacioni biolozi
13:06
and practitioners should make full use
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i praktičari treba da maksimalno iskoriste
13:08
of every available tool, including drones,
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svaki alat koji je dostupan,
uključujući dronove,
uključujući dronove,
13:11
in our fight to save the last remaining forests
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u borbi da sačuvaju
poslednje preostale šume
poslednje preostale šume
13:14
and wildlife of this planet.
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i životinjski svet ove planete.
13:16
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
13:18
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Lian Pin Koh - Drones ecologistLian Pin Koh expands conservation efforts by championing the use of low-cost autonomous aerial vehicles.
Why you should listen
Lian Pin Koh is a relentless tinkerer and science fiction movie geek, though most know him as an environmental scientist. His dreams of combining these interests led him to cofound, with colleague Serge Wich, the site ConservationDrones.org, a project dedicated to gathering intelligence on forests and wildlife through the use of low-cost unmanned flying machines.
Ground surveys are expensive, and are not conducted at a sufficient frequency. Furthermore, some remote tropical forests have never been really surveyed for biodiversity. Koh's machines have already collected valuable information in Sumatra, Congo, Gabon, and Madagascar.
He is an assistant professor of applied ecology and conservation at the ETH Zurich.
Lian Pin Koh | Speaker | TED.com