TEDxMileHigh
David Baron: You owe it to yourself to experience a total solar eclipse
大卫·拜伦: 你欠自己一个日全食的经历
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在2017年8月21号，月球的阴影将从俄勒冈州贯穿至南卡罗来纳州，形成自然中最令人敬畏的奇观：日全食。日食追逐者大卫·拜伦在全球追随着这些罕见的日全食。在这个对能够看见日晷恩赐的赞歌中，他解释了为什么你也欠自己一个观测日全食的经历。
David Baron - Science writer
David Baron writes about science in books, magazines, newspapers and for public radio. He formerly served as science correspondent for NPR and science editor for PRI’s The World. Full bio
David Baron writes about science in books, magazines, newspapers and for public radio. He formerly served as science correspondent for NPR and science editor for PRI’s The World. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
在我谈到正题之前，
00:14
Before I get to bulk
of what I have to say,
of what I have to say,
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00:17
I feel compelled just to mention
a couple of things about myself.
a couple of things about myself.
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我觉得有必要做个简短的自我介绍。
00:21
I am not some mystical,
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我不是什么神秘的，
有特殊精神追求的人。
00:24
spiritual sort of person.
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00:27
I'm a science writer.
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我是名科技写手。
在大学，我主修物理。
00:29
I studied physics in college.
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我曾经是NPR（国家广播电台）的
科学通讯员。
科学通讯员。
00:32
I used to be a science
correspondent for NPR.
correspondent for NPR.
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00:36
OK, that said:
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好的，就这么多。
00:38
in the course of working
on a story for NPR,
on a story for NPR,
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在帮NPR写一篇稿子时，
我从一名天文学家那里
得到了一些建议，
得到了一些建议，
00:41
I got some advice from an astronomer
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而这些建议挑战了我的观点，
00:44
that challenged my outlook,
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老实说，还改变了我的一生。
00:46
and frankly, changed my life.
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00:49
You see, the story was about an eclipse,
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这篇稿子是关于日食的，
00:51
a partial solar eclipse
that was set to cross the country
that was set to cross the country
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1994年5月穿过国境的
日偏食。
00:55
in May of 1994.
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00:58
And the astronomer -- I interviewed him,
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那个天文学家——我采访了他，
01:00
and he explained what was going to happen
and how to view it,
and how to view it,
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他解释了会发生什么，
以及如何观测日偏食，
以及如何观测日偏食，
但是他强调，虽然同日偏食一样有趣，
01:04
but he emphasized that, as interesting
as a partial solar eclipse is,
as a partial solar eclipse is,
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更稀少的日全食却完全不同。
01:09
a much rarer total solar eclipse
is completely different.
is completely different.
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01:14
In a total eclipse,
for all of two or three minutes,
for all of two or three minutes,
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在日全食时，
月球会完全遮挡太阳，
月球会完全遮挡太阳，
01:17
the moon completely blocks
the face of the sun,
the face of the sun,
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长达两到三分钟，
形成我们所描述的在自然中
最令人感到敬畏的
最令人感到敬畏的
01:21
creating what he described
as the most awe-inspiring spectacle
as the most awe-inspiring spectacle
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奇观。
01:26
in all of nature.
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01:28
And so the advice he gave me was this:
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所以他给我的建议是：
“你死之前，”他说道，
01:32
"Before you die," he said,
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01:35
"you owe it to yourself
to experience a total solar eclipse."
to experience a total solar eclipse."
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“你欠自己一次日全食的体验。”
01:40
Well honestly,
I felt a little uncomfortable
I felt a little uncomfortable
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老实说，
听到一个不那么熟的人
听到一个不那么熟的人
和你说这些，
我感到有些不舒服；
我感到有些不舒服；
01:42
hearing that from someone
I didn't know very well;
I didn't know very well;
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语气有些私人化。
01:45
it felt sort of intimate.
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但是这引起了我的注意，
所以我做了些研究。
所以我做了些研究。
01:46
But it got my attention,
and so I did some research.
and so I did some research.
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01:51
Now the thing about total eclipses is,
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关于日全食你要知道，
01:53
if you wait for one to come to you,
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如果你原地等它光顾，
你要等很久很久。
01:55
you're going to be waiting a long time.
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在地球上固定的一点，
要400年才能经历
要400年才能经历
01:58
Any given point on earth
experiences a total eclipse
experiences a total eclipse
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一次日全食。
02:03
about once every 400 years.
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02:07
But if you're willing to travel,
you don't have to wait that long.
you don't have to wait that long.
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但是如果你乐意旅行，
你就不需要等那么久。
你就不需要等那么久。
02:10
And so I learned
that a few years later, in 1998,
that a few years later, in 1998,
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我了解到几年后，在1998年，
一次日全食将穿过加勒比。
02:15
a total eclipse was going
to cross the Caribbean.
to cross the Caribbean.
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02:19
Now, a total eclipse is visible
only along a narrow path,
only along a narrow path,
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日全食只在一条
狭小的路径上才能看到，
狭小的路径上才能看到，
只有一百多英里宽，
02:22
about a hundred miles wide,
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那里就是月球的阴影所在。
02:24
and that's where the moon's shadow falls.
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它叫做“日全食带”。
02:26
It's called the "path of totality."
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在1998年的2月，
02:28
And in February 1998,
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日全食带将穿过阿鲁巴。
02:31
the path of totality
was going to cross Aruba.
was going to cross Aruba.
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我告诉了我丈夫，
我们想了想：二月？阿鲁巴？
我们想了想：二月？阿鲁巴？
02:34
So I talked to my husband,
and we thought: February? Aruba?
and we thought: February? Aruba?
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反正听起来挺不错的。
02:38
Sounded like a good idea anyway.
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（笑声）
02:40
(Laughter)
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所以我们南下，
02:41
So we headed south,
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去享受阳光，
并看看当太阳短暂不见的时候，
并看看当太阳短暂不见的时候，
02:44
to enjoy the sun
and to see what would happen
and to see what would happen
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会发生什么。
02:46
when the sun briefly went away.
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日食那天，我们和许多人
02:49
Well, the day of the eclipse
found us and many other people
found us and many other people
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02:52
out behind the Hyatt Regency,
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在凯悦酒店后面的
沙滩上，
02:54
on the beach,
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等待好戏上演。
02:55
waiting for the show to begin.
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我们戴了纸框的日食眼镜，
02:57
And we wore eclipse glasses
with cardboard frames
with cardboard frames
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非常黑的镜片保证我们
可以安全的直视太阳。
可以安全的直视太阳。
03:00
and really dark lenses that enabled us
to look at the sun safely.
to look at the sun safely.
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03:05
A total eclipse begins
as a partial eclipse,
as a partial eclipse,
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日全食以日偏食开场，
03:10
as the moon very slowly makes its way
in front of the sun.
in front of the sun.
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然后月亮慢慢的移动到太阳的前面。
一开始，看上去
太阳的边上有了一个小缺口，
太阳的边上有了一个小缺口，
03:14
So first it looked the sun
had a little notch in its edge,
had a little notch in its edge,
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然后那个缺口越来越大，
03:18
and then that notch grew
larger and larger,
larger and larger,
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把太阳变成了新月形。
03:21
turning the sun into a crescent.
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03:24
And it was all very interesting,
but I wouldn't say it was spectacular.
but I wouldn't say it was spectacular.
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那真是非常有趣，
但还没到叹为观止的程度。
但还没到叹为观止的程度。
03:27
I mean, the day remained bright.
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我的意思是，天仍然是亮的。
如果我不知道
头顶上将要发生什么，
头顶上将要发生什么，
03:29
If I hadn't known
what was going on overhead,
what was going on overhead,
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我不会注意到任何不寻常的事情。
03:32
I wouldn't have noticed anything unusual.
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03:36
Well, about 10 minutes before
the total solar eclipse was set to begin,
the total solar eclipse was set to begin,
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日全食开始前的十分钟，
奇怪的事情开始发生了。
03:40
weird things started to happen.
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03:43
A cool wind kicked up.
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冷风袭来。
03:46
Daylight looked odd,
and shadows became very strange;
and shadows became very strange;
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阳光看起来有些奇怪，
阴影也变得非常奇怪；
阴影也变得非常奇怪；
03:50
they looked bizarrely sharp,
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它们看上去反常的尖锐，
就像是有人调高了电视的对比度。
03:53
as if someone had turned up
the contrast knob on the TV.
the contrast knob on the TV.
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03:57
Then I looked offshore,
and I noticed running lights on boats,
and I noticed running lights on boats,
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然后我看了看海上，
我注意到船上的灯光，
我注意到船上的灯光，
04:01
so clearly it was getting dark,
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很显然那里变暗了，
尽管我还没意识到。
04:04
although I hadn't realized it.
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很快，很明显变暗了。
04:05
Well soon, it was obvious
it was getting dark.
it was getting dark.
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那感觉就像是我的视力在下降。
04:08
It felt like my eyesight was failing.
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04:11
And then all of a sudden,
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然后一下子，
光线全没了。
04:12
the lights went out.
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04:15
Well, at that,
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那时，
04:17
a cheer erupted from the beach,
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海滩上爆发出一阵欢呼，
我摘下日食眼镜，
04:20
and I took off my eclipse glasses,
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因为日全食的那个时刻，
04:22
because at this point
during the total eclipse,
during the total eclipse,
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裸眼看太阳是安全的。
04:24
it was safe to look at the sun
with the naked eye.
with the naked eye.
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04:28
And I glanced upward,
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我朝上看着，
04:32
and I was just dumbstruck.
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真的呆住了。
04:37
Now, consider that, at this point,
I was in my mid-30s.
I was in my mid-30s.
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考虑到那个时候，我三十多岁，
04:42
I had lived on earth long enough
to know what the sky looks like.
to know what the sky looks like.
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在地球上生活也有些年头了，
早就知道了天空是什么模样。
早就知道了天空是什么模样。
04:49
I mean --
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我想说——
04:50
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
我见过蓝色的天空，灰色的天空，
04:51
I'd seen blue skies and grey skies
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星光闪闪的天空，愤怒的天空，
04:55
and starry skies and angry skies
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以及日出时粉色的天空。
04:59
and pink skies at sunrise.
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但这是我从未见过的天空。
05:01
But here was a sky I had never seen.
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05:06
First, there were the colors.
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首先注意到的是颜色的变换。
05:08
Up above, it was a deep purple-grey,
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上空，那是深的紫灰色，
就像是黎明。
05:11
like twilight.
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但是地平线上是橘色的，
05:13
But on the horizon it was orange,
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像是日落，
05:14
like sunset,
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360度。
05:16
360 degrees.
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05:18
And up above, in the twilight,
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上空，好似黄昏，
05:21
bright stars and planets had come out.
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闪亮的星星出来了。
那是木星，
05:23
So there was Jupiter
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那是水星，
05:25
and there was Mercury
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还有金星。
05:26
and there was Venus.
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05:29
They were all in a line.
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它们在一条线上。
05:32
And there, along this line,
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而那里，在这条线上，
05:36
was this thing,
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还有这个东西，
这个辉煌的，令人说不清的东西。
05:38
this glorious, bewildering thing.
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05:42
It looked like a wreath
woven from silvery thread,
woven from silvery thread,
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它看上去就像是用银丝
编织出的花环，
编织出的花环，
就挂在宇宙空间中，闪闪发光。
05:47
and it just hung out there
in space, shimmering.
in space, shimmering.
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05:52
That was the sun's outer atmosphere,
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那是太阳的外层大气，
日冕。
05:56
the solar corona.
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图片根本无法显示它的真实面貌。
05:57
And pictures just don't do it justice.
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那不只是绕着太阳的
一个环或光圈。
一个环或光圈。
06:00
It's not just a ring or halo
around the sun;
around the sun;
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那是细心编织过的，
就像是用丝做出来的一样。
就像是用丝做出来的一样。
06:04
it's finely textured,
like it's made out of strands of silk.
like it's made out of strands of silk.
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06:09
And although it looked
nothing like our sun,
nothing like our sun,
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尽管那看上去一点也不像太阳，
06:12
of course, I knew that's what it was.
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当然，我知道它是什么。
那个是太阳，
周围还有行星，
周围还有行星，
06:14
So there was the sun,
and there were the planets,
and there were the planets,
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我可以看到行星
如何绕太阳旋转。
如何绕太阳旋转。
06:18
and I could see how the planets
revolve around the sun.
revolve around the sun.
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那感觉就像是我离开了太阳系，
06:22
It's like I had left our solar system
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站在某个陌生的世界，
06:25
and was standing on some alien world,
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回头观望。
06:27
looking back at creation.
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06:30
And for the first time in my life,
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那是我人生中第一次，
06:33
I just felt viscerally connected
to the universe
to the universe
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发自内心的感受到，
在浩瀚的宇宙中，
在浩瀚的宇宙中，
与它相联系。
06:37
in all of its immensity.
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06:40
Time stopped,
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时间静止了，
06:42
or it just kind of felt nonexistent,
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它就像不存在一样，
06:44
and what I beheld with my eyes --
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我用双眼看到的——
我不只是看到它，
06:48
I didn't just see it,
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06:50
it felt like a vision.
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更像是感知到了一个幻影。
06:53
And I stood there in this nirvana
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我站在这仙境中，
06:57
for all of 174 seconds --
less than three minutes --
less than three minutes --
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整整174秒——不到三分钟——
07:03
when all of a sudden, it was over.
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然后突然，它结束了。
阳光重现，
07:05
The sun burst out,
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蓝天回归，
07:06
the blue sky returned,
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星星和日冕不见了。
07:08
the stars and the planets
and the corona were gone.
and the corona were gone.
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世界恢复了正常。
07:11
The world returned to normal.
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07:14
But I had changed.
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但是我变了。
07:17
And that's how I became an umbraphile --
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这就是我如何变成了日食追逐者——
07:21
an eclipse chaser.
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一个捕捉日食奇观的人。
07:22
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
这就是我如何花掉了我的时间，
以及辛苦赚来的钱。
以及辛苦赚来的钱。
07:23
So, this is how I spend my time
and hard-earned money.
and hard-earned money.
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07:28
Every couple of years, I head off
to wherever the moon's shadow will fall
to wherever the moon's shadow will fall
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每过几年，我就会到
月亮阴影所在的地方，
月亮阴影所在的地方，
07:34
to experience another couple minutes
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去感受宇宙恩赐的
几分钟时间，
07:37
of cosmic bliss,
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去与他人分享经历：
07:38
and to share the experience with others:
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和澳大利亚的朋友，
07:40
with friends in Australia,
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和德国的整座城市。
07:42
with an entire city in Germany.
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1999年，在慕尼黑，
我和占满了街道和屋顶的
我和占满了街道和屋顶的
07:45
In 1999, in Munich,
I joined hundreds of thousands
I joined hundreds of thousands
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07:49
who filled the streets and the rooftops
and cheered in unison
and cheered in unison
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成百上千人一起，
当日冕出现时，
当日冕出现时，
一同欢呼。
07:54
as the solar corona emerged.
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07:57
And over time, I've become something else:
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随着时间流逝，我又变了：
08:00
an eclipse evangelist.
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日食传道者。
08:03
I see it as my job
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我把它视为我的职业，
08:05
to pay forward the advice
that I received all those years ago.
that I received all those years ago.
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去传递若干年前我接收到的建议。
08:11
And so let me tell you:
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所以我想和你们说：
08:14
before you die,
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在你们死之前，
08:16
you owe it to yourself
to experience a total solar eclipse.
to experience a total solar eclipse.
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你们欠自己一次日全食的体验。
这是对“敬畏”的终极体验。
08:21
It is the ultimate experience of awe.
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08:26
Now, that word, "awesome,"
has grown so overused
has grown so overused
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现在，“awesome”这个词已经被滥用了，
08:31
that it's lost its original meaning.
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它失去了原本的含义。
真正的敬畏 (awe)，
在面临伟大事物时感受到的
在面临伟大事物时感受到的
08:33
True awe, a sense of wonder
and insignificance
and insignificance
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惊奇和渺小，
08:38
in the face of something
enormous and grand,
enormous and grand,
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在我们生活中很少见。
08:40
is rare in our lives.
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08:42
But when you experience it, it's powerful.
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但是当你感受它时，很强烈。
08:46
Awe dissolves the ego.
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敬畏消除了自我。
08:48
It makes us feel connected.
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它让我们感到了彼此间的联系。
事实上，
它鼓励了同理心和慷慨。
它鼓励了同理心和慷慨。
08:50
Indeed, it promotes
empathy and generosity.
empathy and generosity.
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08:54
Well, there is nothing truly more awesome
than a total solar eclipse.
than a total solar eclipse.
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没有比日全食更令人敬畏的事情了。
09:00
Unfortunately, few Americans
have seen one,
have seen one,
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不幸的是，
很少有美国人见过日全食，
很少有美国人见过日全食，
09:02
because it's been 38 years
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因为距离上一次在美国大陆
发生的日全食已经有38年，
09:05
since one last touched
the continental United States
the continental United States
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距离上一次跨越美国的日全食
已经过去了99年。
已经过去了99年。
09:08
and 99 years since one last crossed
the breadth of the nation.
the breadth of the nation.
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但是这会有所改变。
09:13
But that is about to change.
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09:15
Over the next 35 years,
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在接下来的35年，
09:18
five total solar eclipses will visit
the continental United States,
the continental United States,
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将会有5次日全食造访美国大陆，
其中3次会异常壮观。
09:23
and three of them
will be especially grand.
will be especially grand.
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09:27
Six weeks from now, on August 21, 2017 --
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六周后，2017年8月21号——
09:31
(Applause)
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（掌声）
月球阴影将从俄勒冈州
行至南卡罗来纳州。
行至南卡罗来纳州。
09:34
the moon's shadow will race
from Oregon to South Carolina.
from Oregon to South Carolina.
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09:39
April 8, 2024, the moon's shadow
heads north from Texas to Maine.
heads north from Texas to Maine.
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2024年4月8日，月球阴影将从
德克萨斯州北移至缅因州。
德克萨斯州北移至缅因州。
09:44
In 2045, on August 12,
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2045年8月12日，
这条日食带将贯穿加州到佛罗里达州。
09:46
the path cuts from California to Florida.
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09:51
I say:
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我想说：
09:53
What if we made these holidays?
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要是我们把这些天
作为节假日会怎么样？
作为节假日会怎么样？
09:56
What if we --
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要是我们——
（笑声）
09:57
(Laughter)
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（掌声）
09:58
(Applause)
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要是我们站在一起，
10:02
What if we all stood together,
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尽可能多的人站在月球阴影
10:07
as many people as possible,
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所及之处会怎么样？
10:09
in the shadow of the moon?
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也许，这令人敬畏的共同经历，
会帮助消除我们之间的隔阂，
会帮助消除我们之间的隔阂，
10:11
Just maybe, this shared experience of awe
would help heal our divisions,
would help heal our divisions,
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让我们对待彼此时多一些人性的关怀。
10:17
get us to treat each other
just a bit more humanely.
just a bit more humanely.
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10:20
Now, admittedly, some folks consider
my evangelizing a little out there;
my evangelizing a little out there;
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我承认，有些人认为我的传道
有些过头了；
有些过头了；
我的狂热有些不正常。
10:26
my obsession, eccentric.
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10:29
I mean, why focus so much attention
on something so brief?
on something so brief?
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为什么要关注那么短暂的东西？
10:34
Why cross the globe --
or state lines, for that matter --
or state lines, for that matter --
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为什么环游世界——
穿过国境线，只为了——
穿过国境线，只为了——
只为了持续三分钟的东西？
10:38
for something that lasts three minutes?
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10:43
As I said:
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就像我刚才说的：
10:44
I am not a spiritual person.
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我不是个有独特精神追求的人。
10:48
I don't believe in God.
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我不相信上帝。
我倒是希望我相信。
10:50
I wish I did.
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10:52
But when I think of my own mortality --
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但是当我想到自己的死亡的时候——
10:55
and I do, a lot --
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而我确实经常想到这件事——
10:58
when I think of everyone I have lost,
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当我想到每一个我失去的人的时候，
11:02
my mother in particular,
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特别是我的母亲，
11:05
what soothes me
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抚慰我的
就是在阿鲁巴的那个敬畏时刻。
11:07
is that moment of awe I had in Aruba.
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11:11
I picture myself on that beach,
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我想象自己在海滩上，
11:14
looking at that sky,
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仰望着天空，
11:17
and I remember how I felt.
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我当时感受依然记忆犹新。
11:20
My existence may be temporary,
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我的存在可能是短暂的，
11:23
but that's OK because, my gosh,
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但是那无所谓，因为，我的天哪，
11:26
look at what I'm a part of.
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看看我存在于一个
多么令人敬畏的空间。
多么令人敬畏的空间。
11:30
And so this is a lesson I've learned,
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所以这是我获得的经验，
11:32
and it's one that applies
to life in general:
to life in general:
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而且它可以被运用到所有生命：
11:35
duration of experience
does not equal impact.
does not equal impact.
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经历的长短并不能
衡量它所带来的影响。
衡量它所带来的影响。
11:40
One weekend, one conversation --
hell, one glance --
hell, one glance --
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一个周末，一段对话——
甚至只是一个凝视——
甚至只是一个凝视——
11:45
can change everything.
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就可以改变一切。
11:48
Cherish those moments
of deep connection with other people,
of deep connection with other people,
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珍惜与他人、与自然世界产生
11:52
with the natural world,
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深刻联系的瞬间，
并适当重视它们。
11:53
and make them a priority.
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是的，我追逐日食。
11:55
Yes, I chase eclipses.
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你也许会追逐其他东西。
11:57
You might chase something else.
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但是这不只关乎174秒，
11:59
But it's not about the 174 seconds.
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12:04
It's about how they change
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这关乎它们会如何改变
12:07
the years that come after.
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不远的将来。
12:09
Thank you.
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谢谢。
12:10
(Applause)
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（掌声）
Translated by Lipeng Chen
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
David Baron - Science writerDavid Baron writes about science in books, magazines, newspapers and for public radio. He formerly served as science correspondent for NPR and science editor for PRI’s The World.
Why you should listen
An avid umbraphile, David Baron has crossed the Americas, Europe, Asia and Australia to witness six total solar eclipses. This passion inspired his 2017 book American Eclipse: A Nation's Epic Race to Catch the Shadow of the Moon and Win the Glory of the World. His 2003 book, The Beast in the Garden, explores the growing conflict between people and wildlife in suburban America by examining the forces that led to a tragic death -- that of a high school student, killed by a mountain lion near Denver in 1991.
Baron lives in Boulder, Colorado.
David Baron | Speaker | TED.com