TEDMED 2018
Rabiaa El Garani: Hope and justice for women who've survived ISIS
拉比亚·艾尔·格拉尼: ISIS 中幸存女性的希望与正义
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人权保护者拉比亚·艾尔·格拉尼（Rabiaa El Garani）分享了 ISIS 对伊拉克雅兹迪妇女和女孩实施性暴力的那些富有挑战性且令人心碎的故事——她的工作是为幸存者寻求正义。 她说：“这些受害者遭受了难以想象的痛苦。但是在一点帮助下，她们表现出了自己的韧性。” “作为见证人是一种荣幸；能够去寻求正义是一种荣誉。” （此演讲包含成人内容。）
Rabiaa El Garani - Human rights protector
As an experienced police investigator, Rabiaa El Garani has been deployed to many regions around the globe to investigate sexual and gender-based violence. Full bio
As an experienced police investigator, Rabiaa El Garani has been deployed to many regions around the globe to investigate sexual and gender-based violence. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
[This talk contains mature content]
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【此演讲包含成人内容】
00:16
When I was 14,
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在我 14 岁的时候，
00:18
my parents intended to marry me off
to a man of their choosing.
to a man of their choosing.
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我的父母打算把我嫁给
一个他们选的男人。
一个他们选的男人。
00:23
I refused.
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我拒绝了。
00:25
That choice to defy my family
shaped everything in my life
shaped everything in my life
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那个违抗家人的选择
改变了我生活的一切，
改变了我生活的一切，
00:29
and set me on the path
to become who I am today.
to become who I am today.
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让我成为了今天的我。
00:32
But it was very painful at times
and continues to be so.
and continues to be so.
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但这有时很痛苦，
而且会继续痛苦下去。
而且会继续痛苦下去。
00:36
My parents were raised in traditional,
uneducated Moroccan families
uneducated Moroccan families
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我的父母在没有受过教育的
传统摩洛哥家庭长大，
传统摩洛哥家庭长大，
00:41
where a girl's main value
is measured by her virginity.
is measured by her virginity.
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在那里，一个女孩的主要价值
是由她的童贞来衡量的。
是由她的童贞来衡量的。
00:46
They emigrated to Belgium,
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之后他们移民到了比利时，
00:47
and I was born, raised and educated there.
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我在那出生，成长和接受教育。
00:51
I did not accept their view of the world.
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我不接受他们对世界的看法。
00:54
When I said no to them,
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当我对他们说不时，
00:56
I paid for it dearly in terms of
physical and emotional abuse.
physical and emotional abuse.
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在承受身体和情感的虐待上，
我都付出了巨大的代价。
我都付出了巨大的代价。
01:00
But eventually, I escaped from their home
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但是最终，我逃离了他们的家，
01:03
and became a federal police detective
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成为了一位联邦警探，
01:05
who could help protect
the rights of others.
the rights of others.
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可以帮助他人，保护他们的权利。
01:08
My specialty was investigating
cases in counterterrorism,
cases in counterterrorism,
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我的专注领域是调查反恐案件，
01:12
child abduction and homicide.
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儿童绑架和凶杀案。
01:15
I loved that work,
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我爱这个工作，
01:16
and it was extremely fulfilling.
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它使我非常有成就感。
01:19
With my Muslim background,
Arabic language skills
Arabic language skills
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以我的穆斯林背景，
阿拉伯语能力，
阿拉伯语能力，
01:22
and an interest
in working internationally,
in working internationally,
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和对从事国际工作的兴趣，
01:25
I decided to seek new challenges.
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我决定去寻求新的挑战。
01:28
After decades of being a police officer,
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在当了几十年的警察后，
01:30
I was recruited to become an investigator
of sexual and gender-based violence
of sexual and gender-based violence
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我受聘成为了一名
性暴力和性别暴力案件调查员，
性暴力和性别暴力案件调查员，
加入了司法快速响应组织
和联合国妇女署。
和联合国妇女署。
01:35
as a member of the Justice Rapid Response
and UN Women roster.
and UN Women roster.
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司法快速响应
（Justice Rapid Response）
（Justice Rapid Response）
01:40
Justice Rapid Response is an organization
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是一个对大规模暴行
进行刑事调查的机构。
进行刑事调查的机构。
01:42
for criminal investigations
of mass atrocities.
of mass atrocities.
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01:45
They run on both public
and private funding
and private funding
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他们依靠公共和私人资金资助，
01:49
and provide evidence and reports
to more than 100 participating countries.
to more than 100 participating countries.
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为超过 100 个参与国
提供证据和报告。
提供证据和报告。
01:54
Many countries in conflict
are often unable to provide a just process
are often unable to provide a just process
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许多冲突下的国家往往无法为
遭受大规模暴力之害的人们
遭受大规模暴力之害的人们
01:58
to those who have been
victims of mass violence.
victims of mass violence.
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提供公正的审判程序。
02:01
To respond to that,
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为了做出回应，
02:02
Justice Rapid Response was created
in partnership with UN Women.
in partnership with UN Women.
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司法快速响应组织
与联合国妇女署（UN Women）
与联合国妇女署（UN Women）
02:07
Together,
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共同合作，
一起录用，培训并认证了
02:08
Justice Rapid Response and UN Women
recruited, trained and certified
recruited, trained and certified
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02:13
more than 250 professionals
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超过 250 名和我一样
02:16
with a specific expertise
in sexual and gender-based violence,
in sexual and gender-based violence,
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在性暴力和基于性别的暴力方面
具有特定专业知识
具有特定专业知识
的专业人士。
02:19
like me.
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02:21
Our investigations are carried out
under international law,
under international law,
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我们的调查依据国际法进行，
02:25
and our findings eventually become
evidence to prosecute war criminals.
evidence to prosecute war criminals.
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我们的调查成果最终成为了
起诉战争罪犯的证据。
起诉战争罪犯的证据。
02:30
This mechanism provides hope to victims
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这一机制给受害者带来了希望，
02:33
that justice and accountability
may someday be found
may someday be found
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即战争和冲突之后
02:36
in the wake of war and conflict.
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正义和责任总有一天会出现。
让我来告诉你们
我做过的最有挑战的一项工作。
我做过的最有挑战的一项工作。
02:40
Let me tell you about the most
challenging work I have ever done.
challenging work I have ever done.
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02:44
This was in Iraq.
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那是在伊拉克。
02:47
Since the rise of the Islamic State
of Iraq and Syria, or ISIS,
of Iraq and Syria, or ISIS,
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自从伊拉克和叙利亚伊斯兰国，
也就是 ISIS 的出现，
也就是 ISIS 的出现，
这个组织已经系统的攻击和折磨了
02:52
this group has systematically
attacked and tortured
attacked and tortured
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02:55
many religious minorities and ethnicities,
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许多宗教少数民族和种族，
02:58
such as the Christians,
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例如基督徒，
03:00
the Shia Turkmen, Shia Muslims,
Shia Shabaks and the Yazidis.
Shia Shabaks and the Yazidis.
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什叶派土库曼，什叶派穆斯林，
什叶派沙巴克和雅兹迪。
什叶派沙巴克和雅兹迪。
对雅兹迪人的迫害尤其恐怖。
03:05
The persecution of the Yazidis
has been especially horrific.
has been especially horrific.
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03:10
On the 3rd and 15th of August 2014,
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在 2014 年 8 月 3 号和 15 号，
03:13
ISIS attacked approximately
20 villages and towns in Sinjar, Iraq.
20 villages and towns in Sinjar, Iraq.
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ISIS 袭击了伊拉克辛贾尔的
大约 20 个村庄和城镇。
大约 20 个村庄和城镇。
03:19
They executed all the males
over the age of 14,
over the age of 14,
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他们处决了所有
14 岁以上的男性，
14 岁以上的男性，
03:23
including the elderly and disabled.
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包括老人和残疾人。
他们将妇女和女孩分开，
03:26
They divided up the women and girls,
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03:28
raped them
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强奸她们，
03:29
and sold them into sexual
and domestic slavery.
and domestic slavery.
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并把她们卖做性奴和家庭奴役。
03:32
One month later,
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一个月之后，
03:33
a UN Human Rights Council resolution
led to the fact-finding mission on Iraq
led to the fact-finding mission on Iraq
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联合国人权理事会的一项决议
开启了对伊拉克的实况考察任务，
开启了对伊拉克的实况考察任务，
03:38
to investigate and document
alleged violations and abuses
alleged violations and abuses
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调查和记录 ISIS 和相关团体
03:42
committed by ISIS and associated groups.
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犯下的暴力和虐待事件。
我被派去调查针对雅兹迪人的暴行，
03:45
I was sent to investigate the atrocities
committed against the Yazidis,
committed against the Yazidis,
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03:49
with a focus on sexual
and gender-based crimes.
and gender-based crimes.
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重点关注性犯罪和
基于性别的犯罪。
基于性别的犯罪。
03:52
The Yazidis are a Kurdish-speaking
ethnoreligious community
ethnoreligious community
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雅兹迪是在伊拉克北部的，
讲库尔德语的
讲库尔德语的
03:56
based in Northern Iraq.
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种族宗教团体。
03:58
Their belief system incorporates
aspects of Judaism, Christianity,
aspects of Judaism, Christianity,
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他们的信仰体系融合了
犹太教，基督教，
犹太教，基督教，
04:03
Islam and Zoroastrianism.
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伊斯兰教和琐罗亚斯德教。
04:06
For hundreds of years,
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几百年来，
04:07
Muslims and Christians
who do not understand their beliefs
who do not understand their beliefs
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不理解他们信仰的
穆斯林和基督徒
穆斯林和基督徒
04:11
have condemned the Yazidis
as devil worshippers.
as devil worshippers.
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把雅兹迪人当作
恶魔崇拜者来谴责。
恶魔崇拜者来谴责。
04:15
ISIS thought of them in this way
and vowed to destroy them.
and vowed to destroy them.
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ISIS 也这样认为，
并发誓要摧毁他们。
并发誓要摧毁他们。
下面，让我们来做一个思考实验。
04:20
OK, let's do an experimental thought here.
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我想让你们回想一下
你最糟糕的性经历，
你最糟糕的性经历，
04:24
I want you to think about
your worst sexual experience
your worst sexual experience
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04:28
and recall it in detail.
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并回顾一下细节。
现在转向你右边的人
04:32
Now turn to the person to your right
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04:35
and describe that experience.
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并描述这个经历。
04:37
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
04:41
I know it's difficult, eh?
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我知道这很难，对吧?
04:43
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
04:45
But, of course, I don't
expect you to do that.
expect you to do that.
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但是，当然，
我不希望你们这样做。
我不希望你们这样做。
04:47
You would all be uncomfortable
and embarrassed.
and embarrassed.
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你们都会很不舒服，十分尴尬。
04:50
And so imagine an 11-year-old girl
in the Middle East
in the Middle East
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那么想象一下一个
11 岁的中东小女孩，
11 岁的中东小女孩，
04:54
who was not educated about sexuality,
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没有接受过性教育，
04:57
who was taken from her comfort zone,
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从她的舒适区被带离，
04:59
her family,
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离开了她的家人，
05:00
who witnessed the execution
of her father and brothers,
of her father and brothers,
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目睹了她父亲和兄弟被处决，
05:04
having to describe in detail
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不得不详细的描述被强奸的过程，
05:06
the rape that she faced in a culture
where talking about sexuality is taboo.
where talking about sexuality is taboo.
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而在她的文化中
谈论性是一种禁忌。
谈论性是一种禁忌。
她恢复自尊的唯一方式
是隐瞒那个罪行，
是隐瞒那个罪行，
05:12
Her only way of recovering her honor
is to hide the crime,
is to hide the crime,
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05:17
believe she was married against her will,
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去相信她只是
违背了自己的意愿嫁了人，
违背了自己的意愿嫁了人，
05:19
or deny the events out of shame
and fear of being rejected.
and fear of being rejected.
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或者出于羞耻和
害怕被拒绝而否认事件。
害怕被拒绝而否认事件。
05:24
I interviewed a girl
who I will call "Ayda."
who I will call "Ayda."
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我曾面谈过一个女孩，
我打算叫她“艾达”。
我打算叫她“艾达”。
05:26
She was purchased
by an ISIS leader, or emir,
by an ISIS leader, or emir,
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她与其他 13 个年龄在
11 到 18 岁之间的女孩一起，
11 到 18 岁之间的女孩一起，
05:29
together with 13 other girls
aged between 11 and 18 years old.
aged between 11 and 18 years old.
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被一个 ISIS 的领导人
或称 Emir（穆斯林首领）买来。
或称 Emir（穆斯林首领）买来。
05:34
Amongst the group were
her three nieces and two cousins.
her three nieces and two cousins.
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这里面有她的三个侄女
和两个表姐妹。
和两个表姐妹。
这 14 个女孩被带到
一个满是 ISIS 战士的房子。
一个满是 ISIS 战士的房子。
05:37
The 14 girls were taken
to a house full of ISIS fighters.
to a house full of ISIS fighters.
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05:41
An imam was present who made it clear
that their religion was wrong,
that their religion was wrong,
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一个 Imam（清真寺领拜人）在场，
明确的告诉她们：她们的宗教是错误的，
明确的告诉她们：她们的宗教是错误的，
05:45
and the only good path was to accept Islam
and marry a Muslim man.
and marry a Muslim man.
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唯一正确的做法是接受伊斯兰教，
并嫁给一个穆斯林男人。
并嫁给一个穆斯林男人。
05:51
The emir wrote the names of the girls
on 14 small pieces of paper.
on 14 small pieces of paper.
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Emir 把女孩们的名字
写在了 14 张小纸片上。
写在了 14 张小纸片上。
05:56
Two ISIS fighters would pick
a piece of paper each.
a piece of paper each.
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两个 ISIS 战士会每人抽一张纸。
06:00
They would call out the name
written on the paper,
written on the paper,
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他们会叫纸上的名字，
06:03
and those girls were forcibly taken
into another room.
into another room.
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然后那些女孩
会被强行带到另一个房间。
会被强行带到另一个房间。
06:07
While the emir and the imam
heard the two girls screaming
heard the two girls screaming
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Emir 和 Imam 听着
女孩们在被强奸时的尖叫声，
06:10
as they were being raped,
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06:12
they began laughing.
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他们开始笑。
06:15
Both were telling the other girls
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他们告诉其他女孩，
06:16
that the two girls should enjoy
the experience instead of screaming.
the experience instead of screaming.
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那两个女孩应该享受，
而不是尖叫。
而不是尖叫。
过了一会儿，两个女孩
被带回了这个房间。
被带回了这个房间。
06:20
After a while, the girls
were brought back into the room.
were brought back into the room.
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06:24
They were in shock and were bleeding.
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她们受到了惊吓，还在流血。
她们确信了她们已经结婚了，
并且遭受了很多痛苦。
并且遭受了很多痛苦。
06:27
They confirmed that they had been married
and suffered a lot of pain.
and suffered a lot of pain.
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重要的是要考虑到一个事实，
她们生来就被教育
她们生来就被教育
06:31
It is important to consider the fact
that they had been raised
that they had been raised
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06:35
to believe in sexual intercourse
with one man in their lifetime:
with one man in their lifetime:
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自己一生只能
与一个男人发生性行为：
与一个男人发生性行为：
06:38
their husband.
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他们的丈夫。
06:40
The only connection that they could make
in their shocked state
in their shocked state
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在这种惊吓状态下，
她们可以建立的唯一连接
她们可以建立的唯一连接
06:44
is to define their rape as marriage.
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就是将他们的强奸定义为婚姻。
在下一组的女孩被带走强奸前，
06:48
Before the next two girls
were taken to be raped,
were taken to be raped,
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艾达做了一个可怕的决定。
06:51
Ayda made a terrifying decision.
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作为里面最大的女孩，
她说服了 Emir
她说服了 Emir
06:54
As the oldest of the group,
she convinced the emir
she convinced the emir
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06:56
to let them use the bathroom in order
to wash themselves before marriage.
to wash themselves before marriage.
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允许她们在“结婚”前
去卫生间清洁自己。
去卫生间清洁自己。
有一个女孩告诉艾达，
07:01
Ayda had been told by one of the girls
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07:03
that she noticed rat poison
in the bathroom.
in the bathroom.
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她看见在卫生间里有老鼠药。
这 14 个女孩决定通过喝毒药
07:06
The 14 girls decided
to end their suffering
to end their suffering
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07:09
by drinking the poison.
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结束她们的痛苦。
07:12
Before the poison took full effect,
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在毒药彻底发挥作用之前，
07:14
they were discovered by ISIS
and taken to the hospital,
and taken to the hospital,
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ISIS 发现了，
并把她们带去了医院，
并把她们带去了医院，
07:17
where they survived.
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她们活了下来。
ISIS 决定分开这些女孩，
07:19
ISIS decided to separate the girls
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07:21
and sell them individually.
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然后单独一个个的卖掉她们。
在又一次试图用头巾自杀后，
07:24
Ayda was taken to another house
and brutally raped
and brutally raped
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07:28
after she attempted again
to kill herself with her headscarf.
to kill herself with her headscarf.
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艾达被带去了另一个房子，
被残暴的强奸了。
被残暴的强奸了。
她每两天就要被打、被强奸。
07:32
She was beaten and raped every two days.
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07:35
After four months in captivity,
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被囚禁四个月后，
07:38
Ayda found the courage to escape.
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艾达鼓起了勇气逃跑。
07:41
She never saw the other 13 girls again.
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她再也没有见到另外 13 个女孩。
我采访了艾达好几次。
07:44
I interviewed Ayda multiple times.
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07:47
She was willing to speak to me
because she had heard from other victims
because she had heard from other victims
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她愿意跟我说话是因为
她从其他受害者那听说
她从其他受害者那听说
07:50
that there was a woman from the UN
who understood her complicated culture.
who understood her complicated culture.
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有一个来自联合国的女人
可以理解她们复杂的文化。
可以理解她们复杂的文化。
07:55
I looked into her eyes
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我看着她的眼睛，
07:56
and listened deeply to the stories
of her darkest hours.
of her darkest hours.
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认真聆听了她最黑暗的那段故事。
我们建立了个人联系，
并一直持续到今天。
并一直持续到今天。
08:00
We established a personal connection
that continues to this day.
that continues to this day.
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我的成长经历让我很容易理解
她的极度羞耻感
她的极度羞耻感
08:04
My upbringing made it easy for me
to understand her extreme sense of shame
to understand her extreme sense of shame
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08:09
and her fear of being rejected.
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和害怕被拒绝的恐惧。
08:12
These types of investigations are not only
about gathering information and evidence,
about gathering information and evidence,
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这些类型的调查不仅是
关于收集信息和证据，
关于收集信息和证据，
08:16
but they're also about victim support.
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也包括对受害者的支持。
08:19
The bonds I established with the victims
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我与受害者们建立的联系
08:21
strengthens their confidence
and willingness to seek justice.
and willingness to seek justice.
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增强了她们寻求正义的
信心和意愿。
信心和意愿。
08:26
As she considered her escape,
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在艾达考虑逃跑的时候，
08:27
Ayda, like all Yazidi survivors,
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她也像所有雅兹迪幸存者一样，
08:30
faced a dilemma:
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面对两难境地：
她应该继续忍受囚禁者的折磨，
08:32
Should she continue to suffer
the abuse of her captors,
the abuse of her captors,
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08:36
or would it be better to return home,
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还是回到家，
08:39
where she would face shame, rejection
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面对耻辱，拒绝
08:42
and possibly honor killing?
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和名誉杀人的可能更好？
我完全了解
我在比利时摩洛哥社区
我在比利时摩洛哥社区
08:46
I know all too well the pain
of being rejected
of being rejected
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08:48
by my Moroccan community in Belgium,
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被拒绝时候的痛苦，
08:50
and I did not want this to happen
to the Yazidi community.
to the Yazidi community.
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而我不想它发生在雅兹迪社区。
08:54
So a group of concerned entities,
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所以一组相关人员，
08:55
including the UN, NGOs, politicians
and members of the Yazidi community
and members of the Yazidi community
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包括联合国，非政府组织，
政客和雅兹迪社区的成员，
政客和雅兹迪社区的成员，
09:01
approached a religious leader,
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联系了一位宗教领袖，
09:03
Baba Sheikh.
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巴巴·谢赫。
09:04
After many meetings,
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在很多次会面后，
09:05
he realized that these girls
had not disrespected their religion
had not disrespected their religion
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他意识到这些女孩没有
因为被强迫转入伊斯兰
因为被强迫转入伊斯兰
09:09
by being forcibly converted to Islam
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和嫁给 ISIS 战士
09:11
and married to ISIS fighters.
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就背叛自己的宗教。
09:13
Instead, they have been abducted,
raped and sexually enslaved.
raped and sexually enslaved.
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相反的，她们被囚禁，
强奸，和当作性奴隶。
强奸，和当作性奴隶。
在我们的会议后，
我很高兴的报告，
我很高兴的报告，
09:19
I am happy to report
that, after our meetings,
that, after our meetings,
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09:21
Baba Sheikh announced publicly
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巴巴·谢赫公开宣布
09:23
that the survivors should be
treated as victims
treated as victims
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这些幸存者应该被当作受害者，
09:26
and embraced by the community.
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受到社区的拥护。
09:28
This message was heard
throughout the community
throughout the community
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整个社区都听到了这个消息，
09:31
and eventually reached the survivors
being held captive by ISIS.
being held captive by ISIS.
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而且最终传到了被
ISIS 囚禁的那些幸存者耳中。
ISIS 囚禁的那些幸存者耳中。
09:35
After his declaration of support,
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在他宣布后，
09:37
the survivors were motivated
to escape from ISIS
to escape from ISIS
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这些幸存者有了逃离 ISIS 的动力，
09:40
as Ayda has done,
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就像艾达一样，
09:42
and many young Yazidi women
took the bold step
took the bold step
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还有很多年轻的雅兹迪女性
迈出了大胆的一步，
迈出了大胆的一步，
09:45
and returned home to their communities.
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回到了她们的家和社区。
巴巴·谢赫的公开声明
09:47
Baba Sheikh's public pronouncement
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09:50
saved the lives of many
young Yazidi women,
young Yazidi women,
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拯救了许多年轻雅兹迪女性的生命，
09:52
both in captivity and after their escape.
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无论是被囚禁的还是已经逃离的。
不幸的是，不是所有的宗教领袖
都同意与我们交谈。
都同意与我们交谈。
09:56
Sadly, not all religious leaders
agreed to talk with us.
agreed to talk with us.
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10:00
Some victims had far
worse outcomes than the Yazidis.
worse outcomes than the Yazidis.
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一些受害者有着
比雅兹迪人更惨痛的结果。
比雅兹迪人更惨痛的结果。
10:04
For example, only 43
of the 500-600 victims
of the 500-600 victims
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例如，在什叶派土库曼人社区的
500 - 600 个受害者中
500 - 600 个受害者中
10:08
from the Shia Turkmen community
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只有 43 个人
10:10
were able to return home
after escaping ISIS.
after escaping ISIS.
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能够在逃离 ISIS 后回到家。
10:14
Some of them were advised by their family
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她们中一些人的家人劝她们
10:16
to stay with ISIS
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留在 ISIS 那
10:18
or commit suicide in order
to save the honor of the family.
to save the honor of the family.
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或者自杀来维护家里的名誉。
10:22
Germany established a project
to support survivors of ISIS
to support survivors of ISIS
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德国发起了一个项目，
来支持 ISIS 的幸存者，
来支持 ISIS 的幸存者，
10:26
by providing psychosocial support
and housing for 1,100 women and children,
and housing for 1,100 women and children,
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为 1100 名女性和孩子
提供社会心理支持和住所，
提供社会心理支持和住所，
10:31
including Ayda.
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包括艾达。
10:32
I visited Ayda several times
during my work.
during my work.
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我在工作中去看了艾达几次。
10:35
I am so proud of her
and the other victims.
and the other victims.
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我为她和其他受害者感到骄傲。
10:38
The progress they have made is remarkable.
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她们的进展显著。
10:41
It is really moving to see
how many of them,
how many of them,
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尽管她们有很多挣扎，
但是看见她们中那么多人
受益于这个项目，
受益于这个项目，
10:44
despite their struggles,
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10:45
have benefited from this program.
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非常令人感动。
10:48
The program includes
individual and group counseling,
individual and group counseling,
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这个项目包括个人和小组咨询，
10:51
art therapy, music therapy,
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艺术疗法，音乐疗法，
10:53
sport activities,
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体育活动，
10:54
language courses,
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语言课程，
10:56
school and other integration efforts.
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学校和其它一体化的内容。
我观察到的是，
把受害者从冲突区域
把受害者从冲突区域
10:58
What I observed was that
removing the victims
removing the victims
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11:01
from an area of conflict
to a country at peace
to a country at peace
205
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2891
转移到一个和平的国家
11:04
had a positive impact on all of them.
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对她们有非常积极的影响。
11:07
This project caught
the attention of other countries,
the attention of other countries,
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2691
这个项目引起了其它国家的关注，
11:10
and they were interested
to help more Yazidis.
to help more Yazidis.
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他们也希望帮助更多的雅兹迪人。
雅兹迪妇女和女孩
仍然在给我打电话，发信息
仍然在给我打电话，发信息
11:14
The Yazidi women and girls
still call and text me
still call and text me
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11:17
to tell me about their grades at school,
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2205
告诉我她们在学校的成绩，
11:19
fun trips they've taken,
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参加过的有趣的旅行，
11:20
or to inform me about their future dreams,
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或者告诉我她们未来的梦想，
11:23
like writing a book about
what they have faced with ISIS.
what they have faced with ISIS.
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像是写一本关于
她们面对 ISIS 的书。
她们面对 ISIS 的书。
11:27
Sometimes they are sad
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1275
有的时候她们很伤心，
11:28
and feel the need to talk again
about the events.
about the events.
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2775
感到有必要再次谈论这些事件。
我不是心理学家，
11:31
I'm not a psychologist,
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1409
11:33
and I have faced secondary PTSD
from their horrific stories.
from their horrific stories.
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3483
她们恐怖的经历让我面临了
二级创伤后应激障碍。
二级创伤后应激障碍。
11:37
But I keep encouraging them to talk,
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但是我继续鼓励她们去说，
11:39
and I keep listening,
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1457
我继续去聆听，
11:40
because I do not want them
to feel alone in their suffering.
to feel alone in their suffering.
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因为我不想她们孤独的面对痛苦。
11:44
Through these anecdotes,
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通过这些故事，
11:45
I see a bigger picture emerging.
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我看到了更大的画面出现。
11:48
These women and girls are healing.
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这些妇女和女孩在痊愈，
11:50
They are no longer afraid to seek justice.
224
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她们不再害怕寻找正义。
11:54
Without hope there can be no justice,
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没有希望就没有正义，
11:57
and without justice there can be no hope.
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没有正义就没有希望。
每年 8 月的 3 号和 15 号
都是我的纪念日，
都是我的纪念日，
12:01
Every 3rd and 15th of August,
it's my remembrance day,
it's my remembrance day,
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2999
12:04
and I reach out to the Yazidis to let them
know that I'm thinking about them.
know that I'm thinking about them.
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我会联系那些雅兹迪人，
告诉她们我在想念她们。
告诉她们我在想念她们。
12:09
They're always happy when I do that.
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1819
她们总是很开心。
12:11
It's an emotional day for them.
230
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1754
对她们来说，
这是激动人心的一天。
这是激动人心的一天。
这个 8 月，我跟艾达聊了天。
12:13
This past August, I spoke with Ayda.
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12:16
She was so happy to announce
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1926
她很开心的告诉我
12:18
that one of her nieces
who was abducted with her
who was abducted with her
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跟她一起被囚禁的一个侄女
12:21
was finally released
out of ISIS hands in Syria
out of ISIS hands in Syria
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3000
终于在叙利亚从 ISIS 手中被解救，
12:24
and returned to Iraq.
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并且回到了伊拉克。
12:26
Can you believe that?
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1413
你们能相信吗？
12:27
After four years?
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1564
在四年后？
12:29
Today, her biggest wish
is for her whole family,
is for her whole family,
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如今，她最大的愿望就是，
12:32
now located across three continents,
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2154
遍布在三个大陆的家人
12:35
to be reunited.
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1473
能够重聚。
12:36
And I hope they will.
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1316
我希望他们可以。
当我想起我工作中的那些幸存者，
12:38
When I think about
the survivors I work with,
the survivors I work with,
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2458
12:41
I remember the words
of an Egyptian doctor, writer
of an Egyptian doctor, writer
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749229
3460
我记得纳瓦尔·萨达维，
一位埃及医生，作家，人权活动家
12:44
and human rights activist,
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1686
12:46
Nawal El Saadawi.
245
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1518
说过的话。
在她的书《零点女人》中，
12:48
In her book, "Woman at Point Zero,"
246
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2659
12:51
she wrote, "Life is very hard,
247
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2914
她写道：“生活很艰难，
12:53
and the only people who really live
248
761953
2510
唯一真正生活的人
12:56
are those who are harder
than life itself."
than life itself."
249
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2605
是那些比生活本身还坚强的人。”
12:59
These victims have been
through unimaginable pain.
through unimaginable pain.
250
767820
4070
这些受害者经历过
无法想象的痛苦。
无法想象的痛苦。
13:04
But with a little help,
251
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1317
但是有了一点帮助，
13:05
they show how resilient they are.
252
773653
2106
她们展示了自己的韧性。
每个人对于她要寻求什么样的正义
都有自己的看法，
都有自己的看法，
13:08
Each has their own perspective
on what kind of justice she seeks,
on what kind of justice she seeks,
253
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4092
13:12
and I believe deeply
254
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1425
而且我深深相信，
13:13
that a credible justice process is key
255
781904
2643
可靠的司法程序是
13:16
to how she reclaims her dignity
256
784571
1906
她们恢复尊严
13:18
and finds closure with her trauma.
257
786501
2141
并结束创伤的关键。
正义不只是惩罚肇事者，
13:21
Justice is not only about
punishing the perpetrator.
punishing the perpetrator.
258
789257
3481
13:24
It's about victims feeling
that crimes committed against them
that crimes committed against them
259
792762
3491
也能够让受害者感觉到
施加在他们身上的那些罪行
施加在他们身上的那些罪行
13:28
have been recorded and recognized
by the rule of law.
by the rule of law.
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796277
3256
已被法治记录和承认。
对于我来说，
与这些幸存者一起工作
与这些幸存者一起工作
13:32
For me, it has been
the experience of a lifetime
the experience of a lifetime
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2937
13:35
to work with these survivors.
262
803103
1742
是我这一生难忘的经历。
因为我理解她们的悲伤，
13:37
Because I share their sorrow,
263
805339
2007
13:39
their language and their culture,
264
807370
2445
她们的语言和文化，
13:41
we connect on the deepest human level.
265
809839
2501
我们在最深的人性层面连接起来。
13:44
This itself is an act of healing:
266
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3546
这件事本身就是治愈行为：
13:48
to be heard, to be seen,
267
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2607
被倾听，被看见，
13:51
to be given compassion
instead of condemnation.
instead of condemnation.
268
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3066
被给予同情，而不是谴责。
当我们如此接近
处在痛苦中的人们时，
处在痛苦中的人们时，
13:54
When we get so close to people in pain,
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822724
2910
13:57
it creates pain
for the investigators, too.
for the investigators, too.
270
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2987
这也会给调查人员带来痛苦。
我的工作具有挑战性，
令人心碎，易引发创伤。
令人心碎，易引发创伤。
14:01
My work is challenging,
heartbreaking and trauma-inducing.
heartbreaking and trauma-inducing.
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4440
但是让我告诉你们
我为什么要做。
我为什么要做。
14:06
But let me tell you why I do it.
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1850
当我遇见这些
大规模暴行的幸存者，
大规模暴行的幸存者，
14:08
When I meet the survivors
of these mass atrocities,
of these mass atrocities,
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3683
14:12
when I hold their hands
and look in their eyes,
and look in their eyes,
274
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当我握住她们的手，
看着她们的眼睛，
看着她们的眼睛，
14:16
it does not erase my own pain,
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这并不能消除我自己的痛苦，
14:19
but it does make it almost worthwhile.
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但这让一切都是值得的。
我已经别无所求。
14:22
And there's nothing
I would rather be doing.
I would rather be doing.
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当我看见这些勇敢的幸存者
14:25
When I see these brave survivors
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14:27
struggling to connect again
to their own self-worth,
to their own self-worth,
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努力重新与自我价值、家庭，
14:31
to their families, to their place
in a society that values them,
in a society that values them,
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和重视他们的社会建立联系时，
可以作为见证人是一种荣幸，
14:36
it is an honor to bear witness;
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14:39
it is a privilege to seek justice.
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能够去寻求正义是一种荣誉。
14:42
And that is healing, too --
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而且这也是一种治愈——
14:45
for all of us.
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对我们所有人都是。
谢谢。
14:47
Thank you.
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14:48
(Applause)
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（掌声）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Rabiaa El Garani - Human rights protectorAs an experienced police investigator, Rabiaa El Garani has been deployed to many regions around the globe to investigate sexual and gender-based violence.
Why you should listen
Rabiaa El Garani is part of the Justice Rapid Response-UN Women Sexual and Gender-Based Violence (SGBV) Justice Experts Roster, where she has been deployed as an investigator with the Commission of Inquiry on Central African Republic, the Commission of Inquiry on Syria, the Fact Finding Mission in Iraq, and to the office of the UN Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict. She has also provided training and guidance to Palestinian police forces through EU programs, and she has investigated the assassination of former Lebanese Prime Minister Hariri with the UN.
El Garani's unique and caring interview techniques have yielded valuable information in order to ensure accountability and future prosecutions. Through several of these efforts, she was able to document distinct patterns carried out by ISIS and provided support to their victims. Among her accomplishments, she was featured in JRR-UN Women documentary film Evidence of Hope.
Rabiaa El Garani | Speaker | TED.com