Nancy Kanwisher: A neural portrait of the human mind
نانسي كانويشر: لوحة عصبية للعقل البشري
Using fMRI imaging to watch the human brain at work, Nancy Kanwisher’s team has discovered cortical regions responsible for some surprisingly specific elements of cognition. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
أحد أطفالك
نتيجة تضرّر الدماغ.
من أجل ذلك النشاط
control to the brain is local,
في الدم موجود قريبا
on that blood flow increase,
ذلك الارتفاع في ضغط الدم
حدوث
part of the brain for recognizing faces,
من الدماغ وظيفتها تمييز الوجوه
think there might be such a thing
من الدماغ
pretty close to the world record
القياسي لعدد الساعات
التصوير بالرنين المغناطيسي،
when I was looking at faces
عند رؤيتي للوجوه
مقارنة بالمعايير الحالية
something weird about my brain
في السنوات اللاحقة
بالتصوير الدماغي
وتتوقف عن العمل
بمختلف الأمور.
necessary for a mental function,
ضرورية لوظيفة ذهنية،
that part of his brain.
بمنطقة الوجه بالدماغ.
to the patient first. So let's watch.
مع المصاب أولا. لنرى.
حسنا، انظر إلى وجهي
Neurologist: Nothing? Okay.
الطبيب: لا شيء؟ حسنا.
الخاص بي
You're looking at my head this way.
أنتم تنظرون لرأسي هكذا.
وهذا سيء
عن الألوان
this layout of space around me
الفضائي حولي
does not respond strongly
لا تستجيب بقوة
are selectively responsive
التي تستجيب انتقائيا
different aspects of perception,
أشكال مختلفة من الإبصار
the meaning of a sentence,
بأنشطة ذهنية معقدّة
التي تمّ إيجادها لحدّ الآن
طيلة الوقت.
ستعود متأخرا.
في هذه اللحظة
experiments in my lab right now
في مختبري
مخصصة بها؟
that I've been describing,
purpose machinery in our heads
في رؤوسنا
تحدثت عنها
عن العقل البشري.
of these regions do exactly?
individual neurons in the brain,
العصبية في الدماغ
رسم تخطيط
cost of neuroscience research
أبحاث علم الأعصاب
نستفيد منها في المستقبل
في ذلك
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Nancy Kanwisher - Brain researcherUsing fMRI imaging to watch the human brain at work, Nancy Kanwisher’s team has discovered cortical regions responsible for some surprisingly specific elements of cognition.
Why you should listen
Does the brain use specialized processors to solve complex problems, or does it rely instead on more general-purpose systems?
This question has been at the crux of brain research for centuries. MIT researcher Nancy Kanwisher seeks to answer this question by discovering a “parts list” for the human mind and brain. "Understanding the nature of the human mind," she says, "is arguably the greatest intellectual quest of all time."
Kanwisher and her colleagues have used fMRI to identify distinct sites in the brain for face recognition, knowing where you are, and thinking about other people’s thoughts. Yet these discoveries are a prelude to bigger questions: How do these brain regions develop and function? What are the actual computations that go on in each region, and how are these computations implemented in circuits of neurons? And how do these work together to produce human intelligence?
To learn more, see Kanwisher's collection of short talks on how scientists actually study the human mind and brain and what they have learned so far.
Nancy Kanwisher | Speaker | TED.com