Ian Firth: Bridges should be beautiful
یان فيرث: پلها بايد زيبا باشند
Ian Firth designs bridges all around the world; some are very long and cross over wide rivers or sea channels, and some are really short and in the middle of towns and cities, but "all of them are unique and special in their own way." Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
what it would be like not to have any?
پلها نبودند چه میشد؟
a civilization without bridges
of human society,
across a river or an obstacle.
رودخانهها و يا يك مانع نیستند.
living in poor, rural communities
در جوامع فقير و روستایی
and I take for granted:
به آن بیاعتناییم را ندارند:
access to markets ...
دسترسی به بازارها ...
like Bridges to Prosperity
مثل "پلی به سوی موفقيت"
this is in Rwanda.
این در رواندا است.
immediately around the bridge,
پلها زندگی میکنند،
for an awfully long time.
كه وجود دارند.
because it's a very durable material.
زيرا ماده بسیار بادوامی است.
the development of technology
with the materials
که در آن زمان
is a wonderful example --
نمونه شگفت انگیز است --
built using massive stones put together,
سنگهای بزرگ در کنار هم ساخته شده،
these suspension bridges,
به صورت محلی رشد میکند
to build these bridges.
تا این پلها را بسازند.
they rebuild this every year?
این را بازسازی میکنند؟
is not a durable material.
since Inca times.
symbols of their location.
منطقه خویش باشند.
and Sydney are well familiar.
مشهورترینشان هستند.
with the name of the place,
that in the war in 1993
until the bridge was reconstructed.
اینکه پل دوباره بازسازی شد.
features in our landscape --
sometimes there's small ones --
گاهی اوقات پلهای کوچک همینطورند --
to make our bridges beautiful.
زيبا ساختن پلهایمان داريم
بسياری به آن معتقدند.
in the South of France.
در جنوب فرانسه فکر کنید.
and British architect Lord Foster
معمار بریتانیایی لرد فاستر
synergy of architecture and engineering.
بين مهندسی و معماری است.
in the mountains in Switzerland --
در کوههای سوییس --
and rather delicate bridge
and beautiful designs
in three convenient categories,
تقسيم كرد،
of the structural system
as their principal support.
is the way a beam will behave --
مشخصات رفتاری تیرهاست --
way of operating for an arch.
از اصول ساخت طاق است.
you need to go lightweight,
كه آنها را سبك بسازيد،
for variety is enormous.
for innovation and ingenuity
around these types.
بر اساس این اصول را دارند.
happens relatively slowly in my world,
نسبتا كند اتفاق میافتد،
that happen in mobile phone technology
تكنولوژی تلفن همراه
technologies and so on.
ديجيتال و كامپيوتر وغيره.
can be summarized in one word:
ريسك را مديريت میكنند.
that loads will be excessive on one side
يك سمت پل
too low on the other side.
محاسبه و بالانس كنيم.
are full of uncertainty usually,
با تردیدهای زیاد همراه است،
for safety between the two, of course.
بین این دو وجود دارد.
چيزی به عنوان،
and get their sums right
را دقيق انجام بدهند
when things like this happen.
از این رو زنگ خطر است.
چنین تراژدیهایی بشوم،
for these tragedies,
happens quite slowly.
on their projects, obviously.
پروژه هايشان رخ دهد.
if I wasn't wanting to innovate,
نمیتوانستم مهندس خوبی باشم،
of knowledge and strength
اشراف به دانش و توان
تیری در تاریکی بیاندازیم،
since the beginning of time --
this film before --
این فیلم را دیدهاید --
Tacoma Narrows Bridge collapse
as "Galloping Gertie"
for quite a long time,
called Leon Moisseiff,
just that little bit too far
suspension bridge development
توسعه پلهای معلق
about doing another suspension bridge.
ساخت پل معلق دیگری نبود.
علاقمندانی پیدا شدند،
به موضوع داشتند،
to what had happened.
به آنچه که رخ داده بود.
دهه ٦٠ اين اتفاق روی داد،
a technological step change.
streamlined cross section
را محكم نگه میدارد --
very torsionally stiff --
at Tacoma would not happen here.
ديدیم اینجا اتفاق نمیافتد.
خواهیم دید،
important for long spans,
to want us to build longer spans.
پلهای طویلتری بسازیم.
which is a bit longer,
پل طولانیتری كار میكنيم،
the Messina Bridge in Italy,
را طراحی كرديم،
with construction one day,
شروع شود،
to Messina in a moment.
which uses that tension principle
كه از نوع كششی است
a whole load of these right now.
چندتا از این نمونه هستند.
in Vladivostok, Russia --
در«ولادیوُستوك» روسيه است --
about long-span and lightweight.
طول زياد و وزن پايين.
as an example.
the capacity of the main cables --
ظرفیت کابلهای اصلی است --
of that capacity
is there to support:
steel wire available to us,
موجود استفاده كنيم،
around about five or six kilometers
طول را افزايش دهيم،
carbon fiber in those cables,
از فيبركربن استفاده كنيم،
افزايش میابد.
necessarily the way to go everywhere.
of other challenges associated with them,
چند ستونی داريم
a wide estuary or a sea crossing.
يا دريا عبور كنيم.
were somewhere like Gibraltar,
مثل جبل الطارق باشد،
multiple superlong spans
چندینگانه فوق طولانی بسازیم
something spectacular, wouldn't it?
that one finished in my lifetime,
تکمیل این یکی قد دهد،
for some of you guys.
برای بعضیهايتان دارد.
which I think is really exciting.
به نظر من بسیار هيجانانگيز است.
across very deep water in Norway,
روی آبهای بسیار عميق در نروژ است،
are prohibitively expensive.
multispan suspension bridge.
but nothing like this.
اما اين یکی متفاوت است.
and held down --
against those buoyancy forces,
كشيده میشود،
have to be tied together,
would just wobble around
about the places around the world
to the possibility of a bridge
ساخت پل در آنجا فکر نمیکند
by the Norwegian Roads Administration,
نروژ در حال انجام است،
enable development --
like Rudy Ricciotti here,
performance fiber-reinforced concrete.
بتن مسلح فیبری فراكاربردی.
and it's really durable,
sculptural quality.
كسل كننده هستند؟
of other new technologies and things
تكنولوژيهای جديد موجود
and AI and all of that,
which I alluded to earlier on.
اشاره كردم صحبت كنم.
they need to be elegant;
شيك و برازنده باشند:
for an awfully long time.
زيادی آنجا باشند.
whether it overran a few months.
ساختش چند ماه بیشتر طول کشید.
does exactly the opposite.
آن عمل میكند.
mediocre, ugly environments --
و معمولی بسازيم --
numb to that stuff --
حساسیتمان را از دست میدهیم --
a large-scale vandalism,
through a design competition.
to those people who procure our bridges
پلها و سازهها
which is often the key.
اغلب حرف اول را میزند.
is one way to get good design,
یافتن طرح های خوب است،
of procurement going on
against good design.
خوب قرار میگيرند.
a bit slowly sometimes in my world.
کند اتفاق میافتد.
about what we can do with it.
با آن چه میشود كرد.
روستاهای آفريقا باشد،
of long-span technology
پلهای طولانی
elegant and beautiful stuff
زيبا و دلربا ادامه دهيم.
و هم ساختن جوامع.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ian Firth - Engineer, bridge designerIan Firth designs bridges all around the world; some are very long and cross over wide rivers or sea channels, and some are really short and in the middle of towns and cities, but "all of them are unique and special in their own way."
Why you should listen
As Ian Firth writes: "I have been fortunate enough to work on some of the world's most amazing bridges, and I lead fantastic teams of engineers involved in the design, construction and management of bridges all over the world. Since 1990, when I became a Partner in Flint & Neill, the UK engineering consultants who I joined as a young graduate in 1979, I have helped to grow the firm into one of the world's leading bridge design consultancies. Flint & Neill joined the Danish COWI Group in 2008 and rebranded as COWI (UK) in January 2017.
"I love the fact that my work has included some of the very biggest bridges as well as some much smaller and more intimate ones. The big ones include the huge 3.3 km-long single-span suspension bridge over the Messina Strait in Italy and the 1 km span Stonecutters Bridge in Hong Kong. The smaller ones include Copenhagen's new Inner Harbour Bridge, the Third Way Bridge in Taunton and the Swansea Sail Bridge in Wales. In fact, one of my favorites is the smallest: the little Bridge of Aspiration in London's Covent Garden, which is only 9 meters long! Working alongside bridge architects, I always try to weave elegance and beauty into my designs alongside the essential safety, economy and other factors, so that my bridges are popular as well as efficient and durable. Altogether, I reckon I have designed well over 100 bridges, but sadly not all of them have been built!"
Ian Firth | Speaker | TED.com