Faith Osier: The key to a better malaria vaccine
فیث اسیر: کلید ساختن یک واکسن مالاریای بهتر.
Faith Osier is studying how humans acquire immunity to malaria and developing new malaria vaccines. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
in Africa every year,
about malaria vaccines.
واکسنهای مالاریا صحبت کنم.
are simply not good enough.
به اندازه کافی خوب نبوده.
for 100 plus years.
مشغول کار بر روی آن هستیم.
of what the parasite really looked like.
انگلها را میتوانستیم ببینیم.
و آزمایشگاههای ارگانیک --
the parasite really is.
has remained pretty rudimentary.
خیلی ابتدایی باقی مانده است.
we must go back to basics
باید به اصول اولیه مراجعه کنیم
handle this complexity.
مدیریت میکند.
infected with malaria
but they don't get ill.
اما مریض نمیشوند.
who had overcome malaria
از مالاریا رهایی یافته بودند جستجو کردند
antibody response look like?"
on the radar for malaria vaccines.
واکسنهای مالاریا ندارند.
important parts of the parasite.
از بخشهای مهم انگل مغفول ماندهاند.
a protein of interest,
معینی را شناسایی میکرد،
important for a vaccine
آزمایش میکردند
participants in a village in Africa,
در روستایی از آفریقا میشد،
would predict who got malaria
پیشبینی کنند چه کسی مالاریا دارد
a small number of proteins
30 years of this type of research
conducted over just three months.
که تنها در ۳ ماه انجام شد.
in seven African countries,
and the variable intensity
to prioritize our parasite proteins,
پروتئینهای دخیل استفاده کردیم،
the malaria parasite on a chip.
روی یک چیپ بازسازی کردیم.
and we're very proud of that.
و به آن افتخار میکنیم.
on over 100 antibody responses.
جمعآوری کردیم.
antibody response,
what might make a good malaria vaccine.
یک واکسن مالاریای خوب بسازد.
do to the parasite.
به انگل حمله میکنند.
Is there synergy?
همافزایی در کار است؟
a bit of one antibody won't be enough.
داشتن مقداری از یک آنتیبادی کافی نیست.
concentrations of antibodies
انگلها نیاز باشد.
kill the parasite in multiple ways,
انگل را به چندین روش از پا میاندازند.
may not adequately reflect reality.
کنترلشده واقعیت مطلوب را نمایان نمیسازد.
in greater definition,
در وضوح بالاتری ببینیم،
overcome this complexity.
متمرکز شدهایم.
the breakthroughs that we need
پیشرفتهایی که میخواهیم را فراهم کند
through vaccination.
به تاریخ بسپاریم.
are we actually to a malaria vaccine?
به ساخت واکسن مالاریا نزدیک هستیم؟
at the beginning of a process
what we need to put in the vaccine
باید در واکسن قرار دهیم
but we're getting there.
اما در راه هستیم.
tell me what does it stand for
بگو که سرواژهٔ چیه؟
Malaria Antigen Research Partnership.
جنوب-جنوب آنتیژن مالاریا است.
is referring to us in Africa,
in collaboration,
از کنار به همدیگر نگاه میکنیم،
and looking to Europe,
و نگاه به اروپا،
some strength within Africa.
to develop a malaria vaccine,
که تولید واکسن مالاریا باشه،
of disease in Africa is high,
to push the boundaries
به جلو بردن مرزهای علم
mentioned this a little bit,
if there were a malaria vaccine?
اوضاع چطور قرار است متحول شود؟
half a million lives every year.
نجات پیدا میکنند.
12 billion US dollars a year.
۱۲ میلیارد دلار در سال هزینه دارد.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Faith Osier - Infectious disease doctorFaith Osier is studying how humans acquire immunity to malaria and developing new malaria vaccines.
Why you should listen
Faith Osier works to understand how humans acquire immunity to malaria and intends to use this knowledge to design highly effective vaccines. Her studies focus on infections with the parasite Plasmodium falciparum, which leads to nearly half a million deaths in Africa each year. She demonstrated that Kenyan children who did not get sick after a malaria infection had high levels of antibodies against combinations of specific proteins found within the parasite. Subsequently, her studies in immune African adults revealed that there were in fact many additional parasite proteins that could be considered for malaria vaccines. To verify her results, she designed a massive study involving children and adults from 15 different geographical locations in Africa. She designed KILchip, a custom protein microarray that enabled her team to analyze antibody responses to more than 100 intentionally selected malaria proteins in these human blood samples. Her research group also studies the mechanisms by which these antibodies kill malaria parasites.
Osier is a Professor of Malaria Immunology in the Nuffield Deptartment of Medicine at the University of Oxford, UK. She has two research laboratories: one in the Biosciences Deptartment of the KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme in Kilifi, Kenya, and the other in the Parasitology Deptartment of Heidelberg University Hospital in Heidelberg, Germany. She has won multiple awards for her work including the Royal Society Pfizer Award (UK) and the prestigious Sofja Kovalevskaja Award from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. She holds major research grants from the Wellcome Trust, is an MRC African Research Leader and an EDCTP Senior Fellow. She is also a fellow of the African Academy of Sciences, an advisor to the Executive Committee of the Federation of African Immunological Societies and the vice-president/president-elect of the International Union of Immunological Societies. She was named a TED Fellow in 2018. She is passionate about training African scientists to excel and deliver the medical interventions that are urgently needed on the continent.
Faith Osier | Speaker | TED.com