Faith Osier: The key to a better malaria vaccine
Фэйт Осьер: Как создать высокоэффективную вакцину от малярии
Faith Osier is studying how humans acquire immunity to malaria and developing new malaria vaccines. Full bio
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200 миллионов случаев
in Africa every year,
500 тысяч из них — с летальным исходом.
about malaria vaccines.
о вакцинах от малярии.
are simply not good enough.
недостаточно эффективны.
for 100 plus years.
технологии не были настолько развитыми.
of what the parasite really looked like.
что из себя представляет этот паразит.
и направления биологической науки:
мы увидели ясную картину того,
the parasite really is.
сложен по структуре на самом деле.
has remained pretty rudimentary.
всё ещё далёк от совершенства.
we must go back to basics
нужно вернуться к началу, к основам,
handle this complexity.
справляется со сложностью инфекции.
infected with malaria
but they don't get ill.
но они не заболевают.
этого непростого паразита,
who had overcome malaria
у африканцев, поборовших малярию,
antibody response look like?"
успешно справившиеся с инфекцией ранее?»
on the radar for malaria vaccines.
в вакцине от малярии.
important parts of the parasite.
из виду некоторые особенности паразита.
a protein of interest,
important for a vaccine
тот или иной белок для вакцины.
participants in a village in Africa,
участвовавших в программе обследования,
would predict who got malaria
к определённому белку спрогнозировать,
a small number of proteins
небольшое количество белков
30 years of this type of research
эти исследования, длившиеся 30 лет,
conducted over just three months.
трёхмесячном эксперименте.
in seven African countries,
and the variable intensity
выраженности малярии в регионе.
to prioritize our parasite proteins,
мы упорядочили белки паразита,
the malaria parasite on a chip.
малярийного паразита на чипе.
and we're very proud of that.
и мы очень гордимся этим.
on over 100 antibody responses.
о реакциях более 100 антител.
antibody response,
успешную реакцию антитела,
what might make a good malaria vaccine.
высокоэффективную вакцину от малярии.
do to the parasite.
взаимодействуют с паразитом.
Is there synergy?
Есть ли у них синергия?
a bit of one antibody won't be enough.
что одного антитела будет недостаточно.
concentrations of antibodies
высокая концентрация антител,
белков паразита.
kill the parasite in multiple ways,
паразита множеством разных способов,
may not adequately reflect reality.
изолированно может исказить результаты.
in greater definition,
рассмотреть паразита,
overcome this complexity.
со сложностью инфекции.
the breakthroughs that we need
нам совершить необходимые открытия,
through vaccination.
навсегда избавиться от малярии.
are we actually to a malaria vaccine?
к созданию такой вакцины от малярии?
at the beginning of a process
what we need to put in the vaccine
из чего должна состоять вакцина.
but we're getting there.
но мы работаем над ней.
tell me what does it stand for
Malaria Antigen Research Partnership.
антигена малярии в африканском регионе.
is referring to us in Africa,
что все страны Африки
in collaboration,
как к партнёрам,
and looking to Europe,
в Америке или странах Европы,
some strength within Africa.
внутренний потенциал.
to develop a malaria vaccine,
вакцины от малярии,
of disease in Africa is high,
тяжкое бремя заболеваний,
to push the boundaries
мыслить, выходя за рамки,
mentioned this a little bit,
if there were a malaria vaccine?
вакцина от малярии, будь она у нас?
half a million lives every year.
полмиллиона жизней ежегодно.
случаев заболеваний.
12 billion US dollars a year.
в 12 миллиардов долларов США в год.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Faith Osier - Infectious disease doctorFaith Osier is studying how humans acquire immunity to malaria and developing new malaria vaccines.
Why you should listen
Faith Osier works to understand how humans acquire immunity to malaria and intends to use this knowledge to design highly effective vaccines. Her studies focus on infections with the parasite Plasmodium falciparum, which leads to nearly half a million deaths in Africa each year. She demonstrated that Kenyan children who did not get sick after a malaria infection had high levels of antibodies against combinations of specific proteins found within the parasite. Subsequently, her studies in immune African adults revealed that there were in fact many additional parasite proteins that could be considered for malaria vaccines. To verify her results, she designed a massive study involving children and adults from 15 different geographical locations in Africa. She designed KILchip, a custom protein microarray that enabled her team to analyze antibody responses to more than 100 intentionally selected malaria proteins in these human blood samples. Her research group also studies the mechanisms by which these antibodies kill malaria parasites.
Osier is a Professor of Malaria Immunology in the Nuffield Deptartment of Medicine at the University of Oxford, UK. She has two research laboratories: one in the Biosciences Deptartment of the KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme in Kilifi, Kenya, and the other in the Parasitology Deptartment of Heidelberg University Hospital in Heidelberg, Germany. She has won multiple awards for her work including the Royal Society Pfizer Award (UK) and the prestigious Sofja Kovalevskaja Award from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. She holds major research grants from the Wellcome Trust, is an MRC African Research Leader and an EDCTP Senior Fellow. She is also a fellow of the African Academy of Sciences, an advisor to the Executive Committee of the Federation of African Immunological Societies and the vice-president/president-elect of the International Union of Immunological Societies. She was named a TED Fellow in 2018. She is passionate about training African scientists to excel and deliver the medical interventions that are urgently needed on the continent.
Faith Osier | Speaker | TED.com