ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Mark Tercek - Environmental leader
Mark Tercek leads a team committed to tackling the world's biggest environmental challenges -- protecting land and water, addressing climate change, providing food and water sustainably, and building healthy cities.

Why you should listen

Mark Tercek is CEO of The Nature Conservancy (TNC), the world's largest conservation organization, and author of the best-seller Nature's Fortune: How Business and Society Thrive by Investing in Nature. After a 24-year career at Goldman Sachs, where he served as a managing director and Partner, Tercek became an "investment banker for nature." He brings deep business experience to his role at TNC, where he leads the organization's efforts to bring together diverse groups to find pragmatic, common-ground solutions to protect nature at scale. He is a champion of the idea of natural capital -- valuing nature for its own sake as well as for the services it provides for people, such as clean air and water, productive soils and a stable climate. Growing up as a city kid in Cleveland, Tercek was a late-bloomer to conservation. It was becoming a parent that sparked his passion for nature. "I want to be able to look my kids in the eye and tell them I did all I could to leave the world a better place," he says.

With support from the Audacious Project at TED, Tercek and his colleagues at TNC are launching a bold plan that could protect 4 million square kilometers of ocean over five years. 

More profile about the speaker
Mark Tercek | Speaker | TED.com
TED2019

Mark Tercek: An ingenious proposal for scaling up marine protection

Mark Tercek: Uma proposta engenhosa para ampliar a proteção marinha

Filmed:
1,702,757 views

Ilhas e nações costeiras devem proteger suas águas para manter os oceanos saudáveis. Mas elas geralmente têm muitas dívidas, e não conseguem priorizar a conservação dos oceanos, em detrimento de outras necessidades. Mark Tercek e seu time da The Nature Conservancy encontraram uma forma de resolver os dois problemas de uma só vez: reestruturando a dívida da nação em troca do compromisso do governo de proteger as áreas costeiras. Conheça mais sobre a iniciativa “Blue Bonds Conservation”, e como você pode ajudar a liberar bilhões de dólares para os oceanos. Esse plano ambicioso é parte do Audacious Project, a iniciativa do TED para inspirar e financiar uma mudança global. (Voz de Ladan Wise)
- Environmental leader
Mark Tercek leads a team committed to tackling the world's biggest environmental challenges -- protecting land and water, addressing climate change, providing food and water sustainably, and building healthy cities. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
Ah, earth's oceans.
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Ah, os oceanos da Terra!
00:14
They are beautiful,
inspiring, life-sustaining.
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São belos, inspiradores, fontes de vida.
00:18
They are also, as you're probably
quite aware, more or less screwed.
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Eles também são, como você já deve saber,
um pouco malcuidados.
00:22
In the Seychelles, for example,
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Nas Seychelles, por exemplo,
00:23
human activities and climate change
have left corals bleached.
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atividades humanas e mudanças climáticas
descoloraram os corais.
A pesca predatória fez despencar
a quantidade de peixes.
00:27
Overfishing has caused
fish stocks to plummet.
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00:30
Biodiversity is in peril.
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A biodiversidade está em perigo.
00:31
So what can we do?
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Então, o que podemos fazer?
00:33
Well, some form of protection, obviously.
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Bem, proteger tudo isso de alguma forma.
00:35
Nature is very resilient.
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A natureza é muito resiliente.
00:37
When marine areas
are strategically protected,
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Em áreas marinhas
protegidas estrategicamente,
00:39
entire ecosystems can bounce back.
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ecossistemas inteiros podem se recuperar.
00:42
However, creating marine
protected areas isn't easy.
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Contudo, não é fácil
criar áreas de proteção marinha.
00:45
First, you have the issue
of figuring out where to protect.
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Primeiro, precisamos
definir onde proteger.
00:48
This coral reef overlaps with that
international fishing route,
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Esse recife de coral coincide
com uma rota internacional de pesca,
00:51
intersects with this fish hatchery.
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cruza com essa área de desova.
00:53
Everything is interconnected.
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Tudo está interconectado.
00:55
And marine protection plans
must take into account
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E programas de proteção marinha
devem considerar
00:57
how one area affects another.
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como uma área afeta a outra.
00:59
Then, there's the issue
of getting everyone on board.
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Então, precisamos envolver todo mundo.
Economias costeiras dependem muito
da pesca e do turismo.
01:02
Coastal economies
often rely on fishing and tourism.
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Se as pessoas acharem
que não poderão trabalhar,
01:04
If people think they can't do their work,
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01:06
there's no chance of getting
the local buy-in you need
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nunca teremos o apoio local necessário
para o sucesso da área.
01:09
for the area to be successful.
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01:11
Marine protected areas
must also be enforced.
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Áreas de proteção marinha
também devem ser impostas.
01:13
That means the government itself
must be deeply invested in the plan.
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Isso significa que o governo deve estar
realmente engajado no programa.
01:17
Token support will not cut it.
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Apoiar de forma simbólica não serve.
01:18
And finally, conservation requires money.
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E, por fim, conservação
demanda dinheiro. E muito.
01:21
A lot of it.
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Governos em ilhas e nações costeiras
podem querer proteger suas águas,
01:22
Governments in island and coastal nations
may want to protect their waters,
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mas quase sempre têm dívidas muito altas,
01:26
but often these nations
have very high debt
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01:28
and can't afford
to prioritize conservation.
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e não conseguem priorizar a conservação.
Se contarmos apenas com dinheiro doado
para financiar a proteção marinha,
01:31
If we rely on philanthropic dollars alone
to fund marine protection,
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01:34
we might get a small
marine-protected area here,
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provavelmente teremos uma pequena
área protegida aqui, e outra ali.
01:36
another little one there.
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Mas precisamos dessas áreas
o mais rápido possível,
01:38
But we need more
marine protected areas faster,
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01:40
to have lasting impact.
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para gerar um impacto duradouro.
01:42
So what exactly does
smart ocean conservation look like?
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Então, como se dá a conservação
inteligente dos oceanos?
01:45
How do we get the money,
government support and careful planning
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Como obter o dinheiro, o apoio do governo
e um planejamento cuidadoso,
01:49
that takes into account
both local economies
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que leve em consideração a economia local
01:51
and complex ecosystems?
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e os ecossistemas complexos?
01:53
We want to share with you
an audacious idea
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Queremos compartilhar
com você a ideia audaciosa
01:56
from The Nature Conservancy.
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da The Nature Conservancy,
01:57
It seeks to address
all of these things in one fell swoop.
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que quer solucionar
todos os problemas de uma só vez.
02:00
They've realized that debt held
by island and coastal nations
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Ela entendeu que a dívida
de ilhas e nações costeiras
02:03
is the very thing that will enable them
to achieve their conservation goals.
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é o que lhes permitirá
atingir suas metas de conservação.
02:07
TNC's idea is to restructure this debt,
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A ideia da TNC é reestruturar essa dívida
02:10
to generate the funds and political will
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para gerar os fundos e a vontade política
02:12
to protect reefs, mangroves and fisheries.
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para proteger recifes,
mangues e viveiros marinhos.
02:15
For example, if you refinance your house
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Por exemplo, se você
refinanciasse sua casa
02:18
to take advantage
of a better interest rate,
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para obter uma taxa de juros mais baixa,
02:20
maybe you use the savings
to insulate your attic.
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talvez usasse suas economias
para o isolamento térmico do seu sótão.
02:22
That's what Blue Bonds for Conservation do
for entire coastal countries.
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As "Blue Bonds for Conservation"
fazem isso por países costeiros inteiros.
02:26
Refinance the debt,
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Refinanciam a dívida
02:28
then use the savings
to create marine protected areas.
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e, com as economias,
criam áreas de proteção marinha.
02:31
Of course, sovereign debt restructuring
is more complicated than that,
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Claro que reestruturar a dívida pública
é mais complicado do que isso,
02:34
but you get the basic idea.
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mas você entendeu a ideia básica.
02:36
If investors put in
40 million dollars now,
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Se investidores entrarem
com US$ 40 milhões agora,
02:38
it can unlock as much as 1.6 billion
for ocean conservation.
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isso pode liberar até US$ 1,6 bilhão
para a conservação dos oceanos.
É assim que as coisas acontecem.
02:42
And this is how the work gets done.
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02:44
Step one: negotiate the deal.
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Passo um: negociar um acordo.
Uma nação costeira
se compromete a proteger
02:46
A coastal nation commits to protect
at least 30 percent of its ocean areas.
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pelo menos 30% de suas áreas oceânicas.
02:50
In exchange, The Nature Conservancy
bring investors, public funders
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Em troca, The Nature Conservancy
reúne investidores, fundos públicos
e organizações internacionais
de desenvolvimento
02:55
and international
development organizations
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02:57
to the table to restructure
a portion of the nation's debt,
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para reestruturarem
uma parte da dívida pública,
03:00
leading to lower interest rates
and longer repayment periods.
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visando taxas de juros menores
e prazos de pagamento maiores.
03:03
Step two: create a marine plan.
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Passo dois: criar um programa marinho.
03:05
Simultaneously, The Nature Conservancy
works with marine scientists,
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A The Nature Conservancy trabalha,
simultaneamente, com cientistas marinhos,
líderes do governo
e os interessados locais,
03:09
government leaders and local stakeholders
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03:11
to create a detailed conservation plan
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para criar um programa
detalhado de conservação,
03:13
that integrates the needs of the ocean
with the needs of the people.
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que integre as necessidades
do oceano e das pessoas.
03:16
Step three: activate for longevity.
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Passo três: ativar a longevidade.
03:19
TNC establishes an independently run
conservation trust fund.
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A TNC cria um fundo de investimentos
independente para conservação,
com as economias
da reestruturação da dívida,
03:23
The savings from the debt
restructure goes into it
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para apoiar novas áreas
de proteção marinha.
03:25
to support new marine protected areas.
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O investimento mantém o governo
responsável por seus compromissos,
03:27
The trust then holds the government
accountable for its commitments,
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garantindo que as "Blue Bonds"
financiem ações efetivas de proteção.
03:31
ensuring that the Blue Bonds
finance real protection efforts.
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03:34
Could this plan work?
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Esse programa pode funcionar?
03:35
It already has.
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Ele já funciona.
03:37
In 2016, TNC helped create a national
conservation plan in the Seychelles.
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Em 2016, a TNC ajudou a criar um plano
nacional de conservação nas Seychelles.
03:43
TNC restructured 22 million dollars
of the government's debt.
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A TNC reestruturou
US$ 22 milhões da dívida pública.
03:47
And in exchange, the government agreed
to protect 30 percent of its marine areas.
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E, em troca, o governo concordou
em proteger 30% de suas áreas marinhas.
03:51
Today, the Seychelles is on track
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Hoje, as Seychelles protegem
03:53
to protect 400,000
square kilometers of ocean.
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400 mil km quadrados de oceano.
03:56
That's an area
roughly the size of Germany.
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Essa área é quase do tamanho da Alemanha.
As Seychelles estão protegendo
seus recifes de corais,
03:58
The Seychelles
is protecting its coral reefs,
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04:01
it's replenishing its fisheries,
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revitalizando viveiros marinhos,
04:02
it's improving its resilience
to climate change.
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melhorando sua resiliência
em relação às mudanças climáticas.
04:05
At the same time,
it's strengthening its economy.
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Ao mesmo tempo,
estão fortalecendo sua economia.
04:09
This success is making
other governments take note.
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Esse sucesso está chamando
a atenção de outros governos.
04:11
Many want to be part of this.
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Muitos querem fazer parte disso.
04:13
There's an opportunity
to scale this up, dramatically.
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É possível ampliar
radicalmente essa iniciativa.
04:16
And fast.
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E rápido.
04:17
TNC has identified 20 more nations
where such a plan should be possible.
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A TNC identificou mais 20 nações
onde poderia implementar o programa.
Mas, para isso, precisa levantar capital,
04:21
But to execute, they need seed capital.
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formar equipes locais especializadas
para desenvolver os programas,
04:23
And to put in place local teams
who can develop conservation plans,
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04:26
work with all the stakeholders
and structure the deals.
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trabalhar com os interessados
e estruturar os acordos.
Se receber o apoio necessário
nos próximos cinco anos,
04:29
If they get the support they need
over the next five years,
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poderá proteger 4 milhões
de km quadrados de oceano.
04:32
they could protect four million
square kilometers of ocean.
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Cerca de dez Alemanhas.
04:35
That's 10 Germanies.
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Isso aumentaria a quantidade
de áreas protegidas
04:36
This would increase
the amount of protected areas
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em todos os oceanos do mundo,
em incríveis 15%.
04:38
in all of the world's oceans
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04:40
by an incredible 15 percent.
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04:42
It would allow vast tracks
of the world's coral reefs to replenish
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Isso permitiria a revitalização
de boa parte dos recifes de corais,
04:45
and give safe harbor to countless species.
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e criaria um local seguro
para incontáveis espécies.
04:48
This would be truly incredible.
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Isso seria realmente incrível.
04:50
And it's really just the beginning.
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E isso é realmente apenas o começo.
04:52
Because there aren't
20 countries in the world
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Porque não existem 20 países
onde a conversão da dívida seria viável.
04:54
where this kind of debt
conversion would work.
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Existem quase 100.
04:56
There are almost 100.
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Com essa abordagem, todos ganhariam:
04:57
With this approach, everyone wins.
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05:00
Governments, local citizens, funders,
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governos, cidadãos locais, investidores,
05:03
and most importantly, our oceans.
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e, o mais importante, nossos oceanos.
05:05
So in fact, we all win.
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Na verdade, todos ganhamos.
05:08
Ah, earth's oceans.
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Ah, os oceanos da Terra...
05:13
[The Audacious Project]
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[The Audacious Project]
Translated by Elisa Santos
Reviewed by TED Translators Admin

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Mark Tercek - Environmental leader
Mark Tercek leads a team committed to tackling the world's biggest environmental challenges -- protecting land and water, addressing climate change, providing food and water sustainably, and building healthy cities.

Why you should listen

Mark Tercek is CEO of The Nature Conservancy (TNC), the world's largest conservation organization, and author of the best-seller Nature's Fortune: How Business and Society Thrive by Investing in Nature. After a 24-year career at Goldman Sachs, where he served as a managing director and Partner, Tercek became an "investment banker for nature." He brings deep business experience to his role at TNC, where he leads the organization's efforts to bring together diverse groups to find pragmatic, common-ground solutions to protect nature at scale. He is a champion of the idea of natural capital -- valuing nature for its own sake as well as for the services it provides for people, such as clean air and water, productive soils and a stable climate. Growing up as a city kid in Cleveland, Tercek was a late-bloomer to conservation. It was becoming a parent that sparked his passion for nature. "I want to be able to look my kids in the eye and tell them I did all I could to leave the world a better place," he says.

With support from the Audacious Project at TED, Tercek and his colleagues at TNC are launching a bold plan that could protect 4 million square kilometers of ocean over five years. 

More profile about the speaker
Mark Tercek | Speaker | TED.com

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