Paula Hammond: A new superweapon in the fight against cancer
Паула Хэммонд: Новое супероружие против рака
Paula Hammond, head of MIT's Department of Chemical Engineering, is developing new technologies to kill cancer cells. Full bio
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back over and over again,
которые склонны к рецидивам,
and drug-resistant ones,
бросают лучшие лекарства.
forms of cancer.
агрессивными формами рака.
how to address relatively well
справляемся относительно хорошо,
drugs and surgery.
и зарекомендовавшие себя препараты.
по всем фронтам.
very aggressive forms of cancer
можно думать
from a genetic mutation.
генетической мутации.
inside these tumor cells
and unimagined modes of survival,
ранее не виданные способы выживания,
in which a gene allows a cell,
в поле действия препарата,
spits out the drug.
«выплёвывает» лекарство.
of the many genetic tricks
генетических трюков,
with incredible superpowers.
с невероятной суперсилой.
mode of attack.
оружие против него.
known as siRNA.
известных как миРНК:
генетического кода,
определённый ген.
can turn off a specific gene
за «отключение» конкретного гена
these gene blockers in medicine.
or our tissues,
through its journey through the body
по организму,
inside the cancer cell.
не попадёт в раковую клетку.
with siRNA, the gene blocker,
блокатором генов,
to get through the bloodstream,
чтобы пройти по сосудам,
to penetrate the tumor tissue,
to be taken up inside the cancer cell.
the size of a human hair.
человеческого волоса.
at how we can build this nanoparticle.
такую наночастицу.
with the nanoparticle core.
the chemotherapy drug.
химиопрепарат,
actually end the tumor cell's life.
negatively charged,
отрицательный заряд,
of positively charged polymer.
положительно заряженного полимера.
molecules stick together
with a protective layer
from degrading in the bloodstream.
без потерь пройти по кровотоку.
we have to think about.
ещё одну большую проблему.
obstacle of all.
needs to be targeted,
должно быть направленным.
to the supervillain cells
на суперзлодейские клетки
immune-defense system:
естественную иммунную защиту:
is considered a foreign object.
считается чужаком.
past the tumor defense system.
мимо защитной системы опухоли
of getting rid of the foreign object
negatively charged layer
of the naturally charged,
из имеющих естественный заряд
that resides in our body.
существующих в теле человека.
around the nanoparticle
облако из молекул воды,
cloaking effect.
the nanoparticle
чтобы добраться до опухоли
с клетками опухоли.
takes up the nanoparticle,
раковая клетка поглощает наночастицу,
inside the cancer cell
and block those survival genes.
чтобы заблокировать гены выживания.
those genetic superpowers.
with no special defenses.
не имеющая специальной защиты.
comes out of the core
поступает химиопрепарат
cleanly and efficiently.
чётко и эффективно.
different kinds of mutations,
со многими различными видами мутаций,
particles in animals
of triple-negative breast cancer.
трижды негативного рака груди.
exhibits the gene
as soon as it is delivered.
из раковой клетки.
it "dox" -- is the cancer drug
for breast cancer.
with a dox core, dox only.
over a period of two weeks.
our combination superweapon.
against the chemo pump,
did the tumors stop growing,
не только перестали расти,
is that it can be personalized.
что может быть персонализирован.
множество разных слоёв миРНК,
and tumor defense mechanisms.
и раковых защитных механизмов.
into the nanoparticle core.
можно поместить различные лекарства.
tumor genetic types,
генетические типы опухолей;
can benefit from this strategy
будет полезна наша стратегия
a special chord with me.
особенно задевает меня за живое.
at very late stages,
только на поздних стадиях,
of genetic mutations.
for 75 percent of patients.
in a drug-resistant form.
supervillains out there.
Mimi, and her daughter, Paige.
by the optimism and strength
оптимизм и сила
about the different technologies
о разных технологиях,
about these efforts
что знание об этих разработках
really elegant science.
элегантной научной теории.
the power of engineering
move forward in their careers,
профессионально развиваясь,
health problems in the world --
медицинских проблем современности,
disorders, infectious disease --
расстройства, инфекционные заболевания,
found a way to open doors for me,
дала мне шанс
that of molecules,
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Paula Hammond - Medical researcher and educatorPaula Hammond, head of MIT's Department of Chemical Engineering, is developing new technologies to kill cancer cells.
Why you should listen
Professor Paula T. Hammond is the Head of the Department of Chemical Engineering and David H. Koch Chair Professor in Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). She is a member of MIT's Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, the MIT Energy Initiative and a founding member of the MIT Institute for Soldier Nanotechnology. She has recently been named the new head of the Department of Chemical Engineering (ChemE). She is the first woman and the first person of color appointed to the post. She also served as the Executive Officer (Associate Chair) of the Chemical Engineering Department (2008-2011).
Professor Hammond was elected into the 2013 Class of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. She is also the recipient of the 2013 AIChE Charles M. A. Stine Award, which is bestowed annually to a leading researcher in recognition of outstanding contributions to the field of materials science and engineering, and the 2014 Alpha Chi Sigma Award for Chemical Engineering Research. She was also selected to receive the Department of Defense Ovarian Cancer Teal Innovator Award in 2013. She has been listed in the prestigious Highly Cited Researchers 2014 list, published by Thomson Reuters in the Materials Science category. This list contains the world's most influential researchers across 21 scientific disciplines based on highly cited papers in the 2002-2012 period. She is also included in the report: The World's Most Influential Scientific Minds 2014.
Professor Hammond serves as an Associate Editor of the American Chemical Society journal, ACS Nano. She has published over 250 scientific papers and holds over 20 patents based on her research at MIT. She was named a Fellow of the American Physical Society, the American Institute of Biological and Medical Engineers, and the American Chemical Society Polymer Division. In 2010, she was named the Scientist of the Year by the Harvard Foundation.
Professor Hammond received her B.S. in Chemical Engineering from MIT in 1984, and her M.S. from Georgia Tech in 1988 and earned her Ph.D. in 1993 from MIT.
Paula Hammond | Speaker | TED.com