Paula Hammond: A new superweapon in the fight against cancer
Paula Hammond: Kansere karşı savaşta yeni bir süper silah
Paula Hammond, head of MIT's Department of Chemical Engineering, is developing new technologies to kill cancer cells. Full bio
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back over and over again,
and drug-resistant ones,
forms of cancer.
how to address relatively well
ve ameliyatlarla
drugs and surgery.
bildiğimiz türden.
very aggressive forms of cancer
bir çeşit çizgi romandaki kötü karakterler
from a genetic mutation.
inside these tumor cells
geçiren bu genler
and unimagined modes of survival,
kalmasını mümkün kılan
kodunu kodlayabilir.
in which a gene allows a cell,
hileye bir örnektir.
spits out the drug.
of the many genetic tricks
sadece bir örnek.
with incredible superpowers.
tekniklerine ihtiyacımız var.
mode of attack.
bir molekül dizilimi.
known as siRNA.
hücreyi yöneten
can turn off a specific gene
hususunda çok heyecanlılar.
these gene blockers in medicine.
or our tissues,
through its journey through the body
ve korunması gerekir.
inside the cancer cell.
gen engelleyicisi vereceğiz
with siRNA, the gene blocker,
yeterli küçüklükte,
to get through the bloodstream,
to penetrate the tumor tissue,
to be taken up inside the cancer cell.
yeterince ufak olmalıdır.
the size of a human hair.
at how we can build this nanoparticle.
yakından bakalım.
with the nanoparticle core.
çekirdeğiyle başlayalım.
the chemotherapy drug.
küçük bir kapsül.
actually end the tumor cell's life.
öldürecek olan zehirdir.
nanometre kalınlığında
negatively charged,
of positively charged polymer.
bu molekülü koruyabiliriz.
molecules stick together
with a protective layer
from degrading in the bloodstream.
tabakayı bize sağlar.
we have to think about.
büyük bir engel var.
obstacle of all.
needs to be targeted,
hedeflenmesi gerekir,
to the supervillain cells
içinde barınan
immune-defense system:
bağışlık-savunma sistemine sahip:
is considered a foreign object.
yabancı bir madde olarak algılanır.
past the tumor defense system.
sistemini atlatmasını sağlamalıyız.
of getting rid of the foreign object
bu mekanizmayı bu molekülü gizleyerek
negatively charged layer
nano parçacığın etrafına
of the naturally charged,
yüksek hidro polisakkaritli
that resides in our body.
katmanlardan biridir.
around the nanoparticle
pelerin etkisi veren
cloaking effect.
the nanoparticle
takes up the nanoparticle,
nano parçacığı içine alır.
inside the cancer cell
hücresinin içinde
Devam edelim!
and block those survival genes.
those genetic superpowers.
hizmet dışı bıraktık.
with no special defenses.
olmayan kanser hücresidir.
comes out of the core
cleanly and efficiently.
şekilde imha eder.
different kinds of mutations,
particles in animals
üç katlı negatif göğüs kanseri formunu
of triple-negative breast cancer.
exhibits the gene
as soon as it is delivered.
çıkaran gen etkisi sergiler.
it "dox" -- is the cancer drug
diyelim, göğüs kanseri tedavisinde
for breast cancer.
with a dox core, dox only.
tedavi ettik, yalnızca dox ile.
over a period of two weeks.
our combination superweapon.
against the chemo pump,
bir nano kaplama parçacığı,
did the tumors stop growing,
yavaşladığını değil,
is that it can be personalized.
kişiselleştirilebilmesidir.
işleyişine hitap etmek için
and tumor defense mechanisms.
ilave edebiliriz.
into the nanoparticle core.
ilaçlar yerleştirebiliriz.
öğrendiklerinde
tumor genetic types,
anladıklarında,
can benefit from this strategy
hangi gen engelleyicilerini
bize yardım edebilirler.
a special chord with me.
duygu bağım var.
at very late stages,
of genetic mutations.
for 75 percent of patients.
in a drug-resistant form.
formda geri gelir.
supervillains out there.
kanserinden kurtulan
Mimi, and her daughter, Paige.
by the optimism and strength
about the different technologies
yönelik farklı teknolojiler
about these efforts
bu çalışmalar hakkında
really elegant science.
yapmakla ilgili değil.
the power of engineering
move forward in their careers,
ilerlediklerini biliyorum,
health problems in the world --
büyük sağlık sorunlarında
disorders, infectious disease --
found a way to open doors for me,
that of molecules,
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Paula Hammond - Medical researcher and educatorPaula Hammond, head of MIT's Department of Chemical Engineering, is developing new technologies to kill cancer cells.
Why you should listen
Professor Paula T. Hammond is the Head of the Department of Chemical Engineering and David H. Koch Chair Professor in Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). She is a member of MIT's Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, the MIT Energy Initiative and a founding member of the MIT Institute for Soldier Nanotechnology. She has recently been named the new head of the Department of Chemical Engineering (ChemE). She is the first woman and the first person of color appointed to the post. She also served as the Executive Officer (Associate Chair) of the Chemical Engineering Department (2008-2011).
Professor Hammond was elected into the 2013 Class of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. She is also the recipient of the 2013 AIChE Charles M. A. Stine Award, which is bestowed annually to a leading researcher in recognition of outstanding contributions to the field of materials science and engineering, and the 2014 Alpha Chi Sigma Award for Chemical Engineering Research. She was also selected to receive the Department of Defense Ovarian Cancer Teal Innovator Award in 2013. She has been listed in the prestigious Highly Cited Researchers 2014 list, published by Thomson Reuters in the Materials Science category. This list contains the world's most influential researchers across 21 scientific disciplines based on highly cited papers in the 2002-2012 period. She is also included in the report: The World's Most Influential Scientific Minds 2014.
Professor Hammond serves as an Associate Editor of the American Chemical Society journal, ACS Nano. She has published over 250 scientific papers and holds over 20 patents based on her research at MIT. She was named a Fellow of the American Physical Society, the American Institute of Biological and Medical Engineers, and the American Chemical Society Polymer Division. In 2010, she was named the Scientist of the Year by the Harvard Foundation.
Professor Hammond received her B.S. in Chemical Engineering from MIT in 1984, and her M.S. from Georgia Tech in 1988 and earned her Ph.D. in 1993 from MIT.
Paula Hammond | Speaker | TED.com