Christiane Amanpour: How to seek truth in the era of fake news
Christiane Amanpour: Sahte haberler çağında hakikat nasıl aranır
TV news legend Christiane Amanpour is known for her uncompromising approach to reporting and interviewing. Full bioChris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
great to have you here.
burada olman harika.
that in the last few years,
developments that you're seeing.
söylemek herhalde doğru olur.
to the earlier speakers,
Önceki konuşmacıları dinlediğimde,
bunu çerçeveye oturtabilirim:
in what they've been saying:
cities, the threat to our environment
understanding the truth
gerçekten çözebilmek için
of what we're talking about
hakikatine ulaşabilmek
of the science on climate
bilimin yüzde 99,9'u
with a handful of deniers,
bir avuç münkir ile rekabet ediyorsa,
certainly this last year --
- kesinlikle geçen yıl -
in a way that's truly alarming
sahte haber kavramını billurlaştırdı
to be thrown around.
atılacak bir slogan değil.
between the truth and fake news,
biribirinden ayırt edemediğinizde,
difficult time trying to solve
bazılarını çözmeniz
in this question of,
what is impartiality,
reporting the Balkan Wars 25 years ago.
aktarıyordun, tahminimce 25 yıl önce.
ihlallerini dile getirerek,
one simply cannot be neutral about,
tarafsız olamayacağı bazı durumlar var
aren't heeding that advice
denge konusundaki o tavsiyeye
objectivity is the golden rule.
tarafsızlık altın kuraldır.
what objectivity means.
ne anlama geldiğini anlamıyoruz.
very young in my career,
çok, çok erken zamanlarında,
violation, not just of human rights,
insan hakları ihlalleri değildi,
cleansing and genocide,
büyük çaplı ihlallerdi
savaş suçları mahkemesinde
in the highest war crimes court
what we were seeing
suçlamalarını getirdi.
trying to tell one story.
was accused of siding with,
suçlandım,
who were being attacked
Hristiyanlar tarafından
accused of this.
olmak beni endişelendirdi.
unuttum diye düşündüm.
that what people wanted
hiçbir şey yapmamayı
our democratically elected government's,
hükümetlerimiz de dahil --
of human rights --
that all sides are equally guilty,
eşit suçlu olduğu,
of ethnic hatred,
etnik nefret olduğu,
öldürmeye, katletmeye
slaughter and ethnically cleanse
giving all sides an equal hearing
sesini eşit miktarda duyurmak
anlamına geldiğini,
muamele etmek olmadığını
or a factual equivalence.
eşitlik yaratmak olmadığını anladım.
that crisis point
ihlallerinin olduğu durumlarda,
of international and humanitarian law,
karşı karşıya geldiğinde,
what you're seeing,
in the fake news paradigm,
tuzağına düştüysen,
an accomplice to genocide.
olmayı reddediyorum.
these propaganda battles,
her zaman olmuştur
the stand you took back then.
almakta cesurdun.
sahteleşiyor gibi göründüğü
of the free world,
in the entire world,
of the United States --
country in the whole world,
en önemli, en güçlü ülke,
in every which way --
ve her türlü şekilde --
ve gücünü teşvik etmek peşinde koşmakta.
its values and power around the world.
who only seek the truth --
arayan biz gazeteciler --
looking for the truth
gerçeği ararken,
in various parts of the world
dışarıya çıkamayan insanların
about things that are vitally important
derecede etkisi olan konularda
accusing you of fake news,
sizi sahte haberle suçladığında,
etkisine sahiptir.
it starts to chip away
belki de şöyle düşünüyorlar:
and maybe they're thinking,
başkanı bunu söylüyorsa,
of the United States says that,
bir parça doğruluk olabilir."
been critical of the media --
medyayı eleştirmiştir--
looking at the avalanche of information
Twitter ve Facebook ve
bilgi çığına bakan birisi
and Facebook and so forth,
kadar olduğundan daha sağlıklı.
than they've ever been.
daha fazla haber var.
söyleyebilir,
will say what they'll say,
istediklerini söyleyebilir,
what they will say.
Bunda nasıl bir ilave tehlike var?"
How is there an extra danger?"
upon which we get our information
platformların çoğalmasının,
of truth and transparency
şeffaflığın, derinliğin ve doğruluğun da
the information superhighway,
ve diğerlerinden önce;
and all the rest of it,
göstermek yerine
into certain lanes and tunnels
ve tünellere sokmasından
on areas of their own interest
çıkarlarının olduğu alanlara
that with algorithms, with logarithms,
yönlendiren algoritmalarla,
channels of information,
olduğunu söylemeliyim.
bu fenomen hakkında yazdılar.
about this phenomenon.
the internet came,
our access to more democracy,
daha çeşitli bilgiye,
is incredibly dangerous.
inanılmaz derecede tehlikeli.
of this country and you say things,
ve bir şeyler söylediğinizde,
undemocratic countries the cover
ülkelerdeki liderlere de,
çok daha kötü bir şekilde hakaret etme
and their own journalists --
sopalama mazeretini sunar.
is what happened, though,
sonuçlar olsa da,
media that you worked in
olmadığı için reddedilirken,
because they weren't credible,
çoğaltma için standardın
for publication and for amplification
excitement, click,
is that part of what's caused the problem?
düşünüyorum,
and we saw this in the election of 2016,
ve çekici olduğu 2016 seçimlerinde gördük.
was very sexy and very attractive,
and fake news items
ve sahte haber ögeleri
and by happenstance being put out there,
olarak oraya konmamıştı.
in the creation of fake news
tam anlamıyla bir endüstri vardı.
her neredeyse
in real space and in cyberspace.
ve siberuzaya yerleştirildi.
to proliferate this stuff
ses veya ışık hızında
or light, just about --
such a massive amount of information
itaat etmek, teyit etmek ve
leads them to abide by the truth,
olanlar tarafından küratörlüğü yapılmamış
and a code of professional ethics.
people who work at Facebook
Facebook veya Twitter
çalışan insanları tanıyabilir.
olarak görünüyorlar--
with good intention --
ile konuşabilseydin,
of those companies,
olduklarından eminim
incredibly well-intentioned,
an unbelievable, game-changing system,
bu Facebook denen yerde
on this thing called Facebook.
bir sistem geliştirdiler.
economy for themselves
bir gelir yarattılar.
to wake up and smell the coffee
ve gerçekleri görmenin
to us right now."
bakmanın tam zamanıdır.
a global community.
bir topluluk kurmak istiyor.
community going to look like?
neye benzeyeceğini bilmek istiyorum.
of conduct actually are.
gerçekten bilmek istiyorum.
he probably believed this --
muhtemelen buna inanmıştı -
could be tinkering and messing around
ve bununla uğraşacağını
in the last few weeks?
hafta içinde ne öğrendik?
a major problem in that regard,
büyük bir sorun olduğunu
and figure it out.
ve çözmek zorunda olduklarını.
what they can now
yükselişini engellemek için
for a long, long time.
sınırsızca devam etti.
journalistic investigation --
içeren bir algoritma
but somehow, you know --
ama bir şekilde, yani --
as a matter of warfare
by other means, of hybrid warfare.
hibrit savaşın ustalarıdır.
where they've tried to interfere,
seçimler sırasında,
Emmanuel Macron,
right now, Emmanuel Macron,
ve doğrudan karşısına çıktı,
and confronted it head on,
from some of this, isn't there?
edilecek bir şeyler var, değil mi?
CA: Ümit ediyoruz.
teknoloji hakkında olduğunu,
of it is also about technology,
verilmesi gerektiğini düşünüyorum.
some kind of moral compass.
but you know what I mean.
ama ne demek istediğimi anlıyorsun
with a moral compass --
bir algoritmaya ihtiyacımız var.
moral technology.
ahlaki teknoloji.
CA: You know what I mean.
konuşma fırsatın oldu.
with so many people across the world.
diğerleri böyle hissediyor mu bilmem --
I don't know if others feel this --
what's happened recently,
son zamanlarda olanlar,
bites the dust."
impressed by, inspired by?
the world in crisis,
immersed in this crisis --
olarak yaşayanlarımız --
of a nervous breakdown.
sinir krizinin eşiğindeyiz.
vacuum of leadership,
bir liderlik boşluğu var
I ask all these --
bunları soruyorum --
I ask about leadership.
liderlik hakkında soruyorum.
president of Liberia today,
bırakan başkanı ile konuşuyordum,
heads of an African country
gücünü bırakan,
after her prescribed term.
başkanlarından biri olacak.
to do that as a lesson.
diye yapmak istediğini söyledi.
of certain names,
oluşan bir liste sunduğumda,
of the new French president,
Emmanuel Macron'un
ne düşünüyorsunuz?"
when I say his name?"
liderlik boşluğumuzu
leadership vacuum."
yapma fırsatım oldu.
an interview with him.
It was great. It was yesterday.
Harikaydı. Dündü.
söyleyebilir miyim bilmiyorum
saying that in an open forum,
olmasından dolayı olabilir,
it was his first interview,
ne oldu biliyor musun?
and you know what?
to-come-back-to-the-point.
için-beş-dakika-harcamalar yoktu,
renowned for doing,
vermesini sağlamak için
to answer the question.
I'm the listener.
CH: Ne dedi?
ve kabilecilikten bahsettiniz.
nationalism and tribalism here today.
küreselleşme karşıtlığı, milliyetçilik,
to confront the prevailing winds
nationalism, populism
cesareti nasıl buldun?
in the United States
neler olabileceğini görebiliyordun."
in many European elections
on my continent,
bu badireyi atlattık
just for political expediency,
common denominator
in other political elections.
who is a very dangerous woman.
Marine Le Pen'in karşısına dikildi.
into the minds of everyone here,
bir fikir ekebilseydin,
where you get your information from;
gerçekten çok dikkat edin.
for what you read, listen to and watch;
seyrettiklerinizin sorumluluğunu alın.
brands to get your main information,
markalara müracaat ettiğinize emin olun.
a wide, eclectic intake,
miktarda olursa olsun,
names that you know,
at this moment right now,
our problems are so severe,
problemlerimiz o kadar şiddetli ki
as global citizens
ve gerçekleri anlayan
empirical evidence and facts,
hepimiz müdahil olmadığımız taktirde,
going to be wandering along
to Emmanuel Macron
enough love going around.
bahsetmesini istedim.
is the subject of global obsession."
küresel bir takıntının öznesi."
or an elected leader about love.
hiç aşk hakkında sormadım.
he actually answered it.
she is part of me,
o benim bir parçam,
to have somebody at home
hakikati söyleyecek birisinin
Tamamen hakikat hakkında.
It's all about the truth.
Yaymaya değer fikirler.
Ideas worth spreading.
Bu harikaydı.
so much. That was great.
CH: That was really lovely.
CH: Bu gerçekten çok güzeldi
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Christiane Amanpour - JournalistTV news legend Christiane Amanpour is known for her uncompromising approach to reporting and interviewing.
Why you should listen
Christiane Amanpour is CNN's chief international correspondent and anchor of the global a airs program "Amanpour," broadcast from the television network's London bureau. She's covered the most relevant conflicts of the last decades, exposing both the brutality and human cost of war and its geopolitical impacts. From the 1991 Gulf War to the siege of Sarajevo (the city later named her honorary citizen), from the 2003 American-led invasion of Iraq to the trial of Saddam Hussein the following year, Amanpour's fearless and uncompromising approach has made her popular with audiences, and a force to be reckoned with by global influencers.
During the Balkan wars, Amanpour famously broke with the idea of journalism neutrality by calling out human right abuses and saying that "there are some situations one simply cannot be neutral about, because when you are neutral you are an accomplice." Since her interview show "Amanpour" was launched in 2009, she's spoken to leaders and decision makers on the issues affecting the world today while continuing reporting from all over the world, including the 2010 earthquake in Haiti and the 2011 tsunami in Japan.
Christiane Amanpour | Speaker | TED.com
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.
Why you should listen
Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.
Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.
Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.
Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.
This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.
He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.
In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.
Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com