TED2003
Tierney Thys: Swim with the giant sunfish
提尔妮·提丝：与翻车鱼同游
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海洋生物学家提尔妮·提丝邀请我们一起进入海洋，寻访“Mola mola”，也就是翻车鱼（或称太阳鱼）的世界。这种庞然大物会晒太阳，以水母为食，还会享受“按摩”，它们为研究大洋生物如何生存提供了线索。
Tierney Thys - Marine biologist
Tierney Thys is a marine biologist and science educator. She studies the behavior of the Mola mola, or giant ocean sunfish -- and works with other scientists to make films that share the wonders they see. Full bio
Tierney Thys is a marine biologist and science educator. She studies the behavior of the Mola mola, or giant ocean sunfish -- and works with other scientists to make films that share the wonders they see. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:25
I'd like to start tonight by something completely different,
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今晚，我想以一种截然不同的方式作为开始，
00:29
asking you to join me by stepping off the land
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请你们和我一起暂时离开陆地，
00:33
and jumping into the open ocean for a moment.
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跳到广阔的大洋中。
00:38
90 percent of the living space on the planet is in the open ocean,
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地球生物圈90%的空间在大洋中，
00:43
and it's where life -- the title of our seminar tonight -- it's where life began.
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而那就是生命——我们今晚研讨会的主题——那是生命开始的地方。
00:48
And it's a lively and a lovely place,
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这是一个充满活力的可爱的地方，
00:51
but we're rapidly changing the oceans with our --
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但却已经发生了巨大的变化——
00:55
not only with our overfishing, our irresponsible fishing,
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不仅仅是因为我们的过度捕捞，不负责任地捕鱼，
01:00
our adding of pollutants like fertilizer from our cropland,
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以及农田肥料产生的污染，
01:05
but also, most recently, with climate change,
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还有，最近以来，气候变化的威胁。
01:07
and Steve Schneider, I'm sure, will be going into greater detail on this.
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而史蒂夫·施耐德，我肯定，他将就这个问题做更详细的解读。
01:10
Now, as we continue to tinker with the oceans,
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现在，如果我们继续这样胡乱地“修补”海洋，
01:13
more and more reports are predicting that the kinds of seas that we're creating
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越来越多的报告预言，我们正在使海洋
01:18
will be conducive to low-energy type of animals, like jellyfish and bacteria.
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变得更适合低能量类型的动物，如水母和细菌。
01:23
And this might be the kind of seas we're headed for.
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这也许就是我们将要面对的海洋。
01:26
Now jellyfish are strangely hypnotic and beautiful,
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水母很奇异，有催人入睡的魔力，也很美丽，
01:30
and you'll see lots of gorgeous ones at the aquarium on Friday,
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你们可以在周五的水族馆里看到许多更华丽的，
01:35
but they sting like hell, and jellyfish sushi and sashimi
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但它们的刺很可怕，而且水母寿司和水母“生鱼片”
01:40
is just not going to fill you up.
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也不够填饱你的肚子。
01:42
About 100 grams of jellyfish equals four calories.
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100克水母大约等于四卡路里的热量。
01:47
So it may be good for the waistline,
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因此，它或许有助于减小腰围，
01:49
but it probably won't keep you satiated for very long.
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但更可能让你时常忍饥挨饿。
01:52
And a sea that's just filled and teeming with jellyfish
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而且一个只充满了水母的大海
01:57
isn't very good for all the other creatures that live in the oceans,
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对其他生活在其中的生物来讲也不是一件好事，
02:00
that is, unless you eat jellyfish.
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除非，有其他捕猎水母的动物存在。
02:03
And this is this voracious predator launching a sneak attack
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这就是一个贪婪的捕食者正在对这只可怜的，毫无察觉的，
02:07
on this poor little unsuspecting jellyfish there, a by-the-wind sailor.
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顺水漂流的小水母发起攻击。
02:11
And that predator is the giant ocean sunfish, the Mola mola,
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而这个捕食者就是翻车鱼，Mola mola,
02:17
whose primary prey are jellyfish.
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它们的主要食物就是水母。
02:20
This animal is in "The Guinness World Book of Records"
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在吉尼斯世界纪录中，
02:22
for being the world's heaviest bony fish.
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这是世界上最重的硬骨鱼，
02:24
It reaches up to almost 5,000 pounds -- on a diet of jellyfish, primarily.
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能达到5000磅重——而它们的食物主要就是水母。
02:31
And I think it's kind of a nice little cosmological convergence here
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这里有个我觉得是很微妙的宇宙学巧合，
02:35
that the Mola mola -- its common name is sunfish --
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翻车鱼，也称为太阳鱼，
02:38
that its favorite food is the moon jelly.
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它最喜欢的食物是月亮水母。
02:42
So it's kind of nice, the sun and the moon getting together this way,
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很有趣，太阳和月亮以这样的方式聚到一起了，
02:46
even if one is eating the other.
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即使是吃与被吃的关系。
02:51
Now this is typically how you see sunfish,
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现在，这是你们看到翻车鱼的一般情形，
02:54
this is where they get their common name.
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这就是它们被叫做太阳鱼的原因。
02:56
They like to sunbathe, can't blame them.
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原来它们喜欢日光浴，不能责备它们。
02:58
They just lay out on the surface of the sea
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它们只是摆平了浮在海面上，
03:01
and most people think they're sick or lazy, but that's a typical behavior,
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而大多数人以为这是病态或懒惰，但这只是一种典型的行为，
03:05
they lie out and bask on the surface.
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它们就是喜欢摆平了在海面上晒太阳。
03:08
Their other name, Mola mola, is -- it sounds Hawaiian,
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它们的另一个名字，Mola mola，听起来像夏威夷语，
03:11
but it's actually Latin for millstone,
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实际上却是拉丁语中“磨石”的意思，
03:14
and that's attributable to their roundish, very bizarre, cut-off shape.
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这与它们那圆形，很怪异，似乎被切割了一样的形状有关。
03:20
It's as if, as they were growing, they just forgot the tail part.
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它们，就好比，在生长的时候忘记了尾巴部分。
03:24
And that's actually what drew me to the Mola in the first place,
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实际上，让我对翻车鱼感兴趣的首要原因，
03:28
was this terribly bizarre shape.
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就是这种即为奇怪的形状。
03:31
You know, you look at sharks, and they're streamlined, and they're sleek,
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大家知道，鲨鱼，它们是流线型的，很优美，
03:36
and you look at tuna, and they're like torpedoes --
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还有金枪鱼，就像鱼雷一样，
03:39
they just give away their agenda. They're about migration and strength,
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它们没有日程安排，它们就代表着迁徙和力量，
03:43
and then you look at the sunfish.
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然后你们再看看翻车鱼。
03:46
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
03:48
And this is just so elegantly mysterious, it's just --
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这实在是太匪夷所思了，
03:55
it really kind of holds its cards a lot tighter than say, a tuna.
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比起，譬如金枪鱼，它确实有点，优势差得太多了。
04:02
So I was just intrigued with what -- you know, what is this animal's story?
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所以我就很好奇，这种动物有什么故事呢？
04:08
Well, as with anything in biology, nothing really makes sense
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好，在生物学上，没有什么是说得通的，
04:11
except in the light of evolution.
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除非按进化论的角度。
04:13
The Mola's no exception.
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翻车鱼也不例外。
04:15
They appeared shortly after the dinosaurs disappeared,
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它们是在恐龙消失之后很短时间内出现的，
04:19
65 million years ago, at a time when whales still had legs,
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6500万年前，那时候鲸类还长着脚，
04:23
and they come from a rebellious little puffer fish faction --
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它们从河豚类群中“反叛”了出来——
04:29
oblige me a little Kipling-esque storytelling here.
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请允许我在这里套用下吉卜林讲故事的方式。
04:32
Of course evolution is somewhat random, and you know,
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当然，进化在某种程度上是随机的，
04:35
about 55 million years ago there was this rebellious little puffer fish faction
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大约5500万年年前，这一支叛变的河豚，
04:39
that said, oh, the heck with the coral reefs --
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说，噢，珊瑚礁又怎么样？
04:41
we're going to head to the high seas.
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我们要到远海去。
04:43
And lots of generations, lots of tweaking and torquing,
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经过无数个世代，不断地调整和扭转，
04:48
and we turn our puffer into the Mola.
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河豚终于成了翻车鱼的样子。
04:50
You know, if you give Mother Nature enough time, that is what she will produce.
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要知道，如果给自然母亲足够的时间，她就会创造出这样的东西来。
04:58
They look -- maybe they look
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它们看起来，或许它们看起来
05:00
kind of prehistoric and unfinished, abridged perhaps,
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有点史前，有点“未完待续”，或者说有点简略，
05:04
but in fact, in fact they are the --
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但事实上，事实上它们——
05:08
they vie for the top position of the most evolutionarily-derived fish in the sea,
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是海洋中进化最彻底的鱼类之一，
05:14
right up there with flat fish.
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更彻底的还有比目鱼。
05:17
They're -- every single thing about that fish has been changed.
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它们就是——鱼类变化过程中的每个细节。
05:21
And in terms of fishes --
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说到鱼类，
05:23
fishes appeared 500 million years ago, and they're pretty modern,
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鱼类出现在5亿年前，而它们出现得相当晚，
05:29
just 50 million years ago, so --
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大概5千万年前，所以，
05:33
so interestingly, they give away their ancestry as they develop.
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有趣的是，它们在发展过程中抛弃了祖先遗传下来的东西。
05:38
They start as little eggs,
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它们从细小的卵开始，
05:40
and they're in "The Guinness World Book of Records" again
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再次进入“吉尼斯世界纪录”，
05:42
for having the most number of eggs of any vertebrate on the planet.
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它们是世界上产卵最多的脊椎动物。
05:46
A single four-foot female had 300 million eggs,
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一只四英尺长的雌鱼能产3亿颗卵，
05:52
can carry 300 million eggs in her ovaries -- imagine --
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想想看，能在卵巢里储存3亿颗卵，
05:55
and they get to be over 10 feet long. Imagine what a 10 foot one has.
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它们能长到10英尺，想象下10英尺的鱼能产多少卵。
06:00
And from that little egg,
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从这么小的卵，
06:02
they pass through this spiky little porcupine fish stage, reminiscent of their ancestry,
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它们发育成类似这种六斑刺魨的阶段，让人想起它们的祖先，
06:07
and develop -- this is their little adolescent stage.
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再发育，这是它们的青少年阶段，
06:10
They school as adolescents, and become behemoth loners as adults.
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它们在青少年阶段时聚集成群，但成年时却独来独往。
06:17
That's a little diver up there in the corner.
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在角落里有个小小的潜水者。
06:20
They're in "The Guinness World Book of Records" again
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它们再次登上“吉尼斯世界纪录”，
06:23
for being the vertebrate growth champion of the world.
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这次是作为世界脊椎动物的生长冠军。
06:26
From their little hatching size of their egg, into their little larval stage
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从小小的卵，到幼鱼，
06:30
till they reach adulthood, they put on 600 million times an increase in weight.
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再到成年，它们的体重增加了6亿倍！
06:36
600 million. Now imagine if you gave birth to a little baby,
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6亿。想象下如果你有了个小孩，
06:42
and you had to feed this thing.
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你喂养他，
06:46
That would mean that your child, you would expect it to gain the weight of six Titanics.
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这意味着你的小孩，他会增肥六个泰坦尼克号的重量。
06:53
Now I don't know how you'd feed a child like that but --
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我不知道你会怎么喂养这个小孩，
06:56
we don't know how fast the Molas grow in the wild,
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我们也不知到翻车鱼在野外究竟长得多快，
07:02
but captive growth studies at the Monterey Bay Aquarium --
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但对蒙特利湾水族馆中捕获的翻车鱼进行研究，
07:05
one of the first places to have them in captivity --
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这是首次捕获到它们的地方之一，
07:07
they had one that gained 800 lbs in 14 months.
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其中一头在14个月里长了800磅。
07:11
I said, now, that's a true American.
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我说，这是条真正的美国鱼。
07:14
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
07:18
(Applause)
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（掌声）
07:20
So being a loner is a great thing, especially in today's seas,
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这些庞然大物都是孤独行者，特别是在现在的海洋里，
07:24
because schooling used to be salvation for fishes,
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过去，聚集成群往往是鱼类躲避掠食的方式，
07:27
but it's suicide for fishes now.
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但现在这却无异于自杀。
07:30
But unfortunately Molas, even though they don't school,
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不幸的是，翻车鱼尽管不集群，
07:32
they still get caught in nets as by-catch.
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它们仍会被作为副渔获物被捕捞上来。
07:34
If we're going to save the world from total jellyfish domination,
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如果我们想避免整个世界被水母占据的景象，
07:39
then we've got to figure out what the jellyfish predators --
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我们就必须知道水母的捕食者，
07:41
how they live their lives, like the Mola.
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像翻车鱼，是怎么生活的。
07:43
And unfortunately, they make up a large portion of the California by-catch --
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很不幸，在加州漂网的副渔获物中，
07:48
up to 26 percent of the drift net.
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翻车鱼占到了26%。
07:50
And in the Mediterranean, in the swordfish net fisheries,
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而在地中海，在旗鱼的捕捞中，
07:55
they make up up to 90 percent.
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它们占副渔获物的九成。
07:59
So we've got to figure out how they're living their lives.
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因此我们必须搞清楚它们是如何生活。
08:02
And how do you do that?
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你会怎么做呢？
08:04
How do you do that with an animal -- very few places in the world.
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这种动物只分布在少数几个地方。
08:07
This is an open ocean creature. It knows no boundaries -- it doesn't go to land.
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这是个远洋物种。它们生活的环境没有边界，它们不会上陆地。
08:11
How do you get insight?
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你会如何探寻其中奥秘？
08:13
How do you seduce an open ocean creature like that to spill its secrets?
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你会如何诱使这样一种大洋生物透露它的秘密？
08:18
Well, there's some great new technology
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一些伟大的新技术，
08:21
that has just recently become available,
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在最近刚刚出现，
08:23
and it's just a boon for getting insight into open ocean animals.
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为深入研究大洋的动物提供了便利。
08:27
And it's pictured right here, that little tag up there.
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如图所示。那个小标签。
08:31
That little tag can record temperature, depth and light intensity,
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这个小标签能记录温度、深度和光强度，
08:36
which is correlated with time, and from that we can get locations.
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并与时间相关，从这些数据我们就能确定位置。
08:40
And it can record this data for up to two years,
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它最多可以记录长达两年的数据，
08:44
and keep it in that tag, release at a pre-programmed time,
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将数据保存在标签里，并在预定的时间释放，
08:48
float to the surface, upload all that data, that whole travelogue,
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浮到海面，将所有的数据和整个的行程记录
08:52
to satellite, which relays it directly to our computers,
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传输到卫星，接着中转到我们的电脑上，
08:55
and we've got that whole dataset. And we didn't even have --
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我们就可以得到整个的数据资料。
08:59
we just had to tag the animal and then we went home and you know, sat at our desks.
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我们就只要给动物打上标签，然后回家坐在桌子旁。
09:04
So the great thing about the Mola
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因此研究翻车鱼最重要的一步
09:06
is that when we put the tag on them -- if you look up here --
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就是放标签的时候，看这里，
09:09
that's streaming off, that's right where we put the tag.
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有东西飘动的那边，那就是我们放标签的位置。
09:11
And it just so happens that's a parasite hanging off the Mola.
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那就像挂在翻车鱼身上的寄生虫一样。
09:15
Molas are infamous for carrying tons of parasites.
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翻车鱼以携带成吨的寄生虫而闻名。
09:18
They're just parasite hotels; even their parasites have parasites.
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它们就是寄生虫的“酒店”，甚至它们的寄生虫也有寄生虫。
09:22
I think Donne wrote a poem about that.
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我想多恩曾为此写过一首诗。
09:24
But they have 40 genera of parasites,
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它们携带有40个属的寄生虫，
09:27
and so we figured just one more parasite won't be too much of a problem.
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我们想，就多一个寄生虫也没什么问题。
09:31
And they happen to be a very good vehicle for carrying oceanographic equipment.
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而它们也是携带海洋科学设备的绝好工具，
09:36
They don't seem to mind, so far.
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至少到目前，它们看起来并不介意。
09:39
So what are we trying to find out? We're focusing on the Pacific.
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那么我们想发现什么呢？我们把焦点放在太平洋。
09:43
We're tagging on the California coast, and we're tagging over in Taiwan and Japan.
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我们做标记的地点，从加州海岸，到台湾和日本。
09:47
And we're interested in how these animals are using the currents,
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我们感兴趣的是这些动物是怎么利用海流，
09:50
using temperature, using the open ocean, to live their lives.
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利用温度和宽阔的海域，进行生活。
09:56
We'd love to tag in Monterey.
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我们喜欢在蒙特利尔放标签。
09:58
Monterey is one of the few places in the world where Molas come in large numbers.
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蒙特利尔是世界上少数几个有大规模翻车鱼出没的地方之一。
10:02
Not this time of year -- it's more around October.
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不是这个时候——在十月左右更多。
10:05
And we'd love to tag here -- this is an aerial shot of Monterey --
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我们喜欢在这里标记，这是空中俯瞰蒙特利尔的情景。
10:08
but unfortunately, the Molas here end up looking like this
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不幸的是翻车鱼最后的样子是这样。
10:12
because another one of our locals really likes Molas but in the wrong way.
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因为另一位本地居民也喜欢翻车鱼，但方式不同。
10:16
The California sea lion takes the Molas as soon as they come into the bay,
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它们一进入湾内，就被加利福尼亚海狮抓住，
10:20
rips off their fins, fashions them into the ultimate Frisbee, Mola style,
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它们的鳍被撕掉，被当做大飞盘，
10:25
and then tosses them back and forth.
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来回地扔来扔去。
10:27
And I'm not exaggerating, it is just --
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我没有夸张，这就是，
10:30
and sometimes they don't eat them, it's just spiteful.
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有时候它们并不吃翻车鱼，而仅仅是恶作剧。
10:33
And you know, the locals think it's terrible behavior,
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你知道，这些“本地居民”不在乎自己的可怕行为，
10:38
it's just horrible watching this happen, day after day.
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一天有一天地看到这种情景实在让人感到恐怖。
10:43
The poor little Molas coming in, getting ripped to shreds,
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可怜的小翻车鱼进来就被撕成碎片。
10:46
so we head down south, to San Diego.
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因此我们往南走，到圣迭戈。
10:50
Not so many California sea lions down there.
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那里没有那么多的加利福尼亚海狮。
10:52
And the Molas there, you can find them with a spotter plane very easily,
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你可以通过侦察机轻易地找到那里的翻车鱼，
10:55
and they like to hang out under floating rafts of kelp.
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它们喜欢在漂浮的大型褐藻下游荡。
10:58
And under those kelps -- this is why the Molas come there
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在这些海藻下——这也是翻车鱼来这里的原因——
11:01
because it's spa time for the Molas there.
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这是翻车鱼的疗养时间。
11:05
As soon as they get under those rafts of kelp, the exfoliating cleaner fish come.
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一旦它们到达海藻下方，吃死皮的清洁鱼就赶来。
11:09
And they come and give the Molas --
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它们来给翻车鱼——
11:11
you can see they strike this funny little position that says,
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你能看到它们敲打这个有趣的位置，说，
11:14
"I'm not threatening, but I need a massage."
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“我不是要威胁你，但我需要按摩。”
11:16
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
11:20
And they'll put their fins out and their eyes go in the back of their head,
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它们伸出鳍，把眼睛缩回脑袋里，
11:24
and the fish come up and they just clean, clean, clean --
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鱼儿就上来，清洁，清洁，清洁——
11:28
because the Molas, you know, there's just a smorgasbord of parasites.
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因为翻车鱼，就是个寄生虫自助餐厅。
11:32
And it's also a great place to go down south
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再往南走也是不错的地方，
11:34
because the water's warmer, and the Molas are kind of friendly down there.
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因为水较温暖，那里的翻车鱼也似乎友好一些。
11:38
I mean what other kind of fish, if you approach it right,
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我是说相比其他种鱼类，如果你靠近的方式正确，
11:41
will say, "Okay, scratch me right there."
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翻车鱼会说，“好的，来给我这里抓抓痒。”
11:43
You truly can swim up to a Mola -- they're very gentle --
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你真的可以游到翻车鱼身边，它们很温和，
11:46
and if you approach them right, you can give them a scratch and they enjoy it.
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如果你靠近得当，你就能给它们抓抓痒，它们会很享受。
11:52
So we've also tagged one part of the Pacific;
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这样我们就在太平洋的这一部分放了标签，
11:54
we've gone over to another part of the Pacific,
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我们还要去太平洋的另一部分，
11:56
and we've tagged in Taiwan, and we tagged in Japan.
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我们在台湾做标记，在日本做标记。
12:00
And over in these places, the Molas are caught in set nets that line these countries.
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在这些地方，翻车鱼会被沿海的固定渔网捕捞上来。
12:05
And they're not thrown back as by-catch, they're eaten.
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它们并没有被当做副渔获物扔回去，而是被吃掉。
12:08
We were served a nine-course meal of Mola after we tagged.
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有一条翻车鱼在做了标记后不久，就被做成菜招待我们。
12:13
Well, not the one we tagged!
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呃，不是我们标记的那条！
12:16
And everything from the kidney, to the testes, to the back bone,
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从肾脏，到睾丸，到脊柱，
12:19
to the fin muscle to -- I think that ís pretty much the whole fish -- is eaten.
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还有鱼鳍上的肌肉等几乎是鱼身上的所有东西，都可以吃。
12:32
So the hardest part of tagging, now, is
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所以现在做标记最难的一部分，
12:36
after you put that tag on, you have to wait, months.
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就是做完标记之后，你必须等待数个月。
12:41
And you're just wondering, oh, I hope the fish is safe,
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然后你就得想，噢，希望那鱼平安无事。
12:45
I hope, I hope it's going to be able to actually live its life out
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我希望，希望它能够在标签记录的这段时间里
12:49
during the course that the tag is recording.
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确确实实地在海洋里生活。
12:52
The tags cost 3500 dollars each, and then satellite time is another 500 dollars,
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每个标签耗费3500美元，租用卫星再花500美元，
12:58
so you're like, oh, I hope the tag is okay.
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所以你要，哦，我希望标签也没事。
13:01
And so the waiting is really the hardest part.
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所以等待的部分才是真正艰难的。
13:04
I'm going to show you our latest dataset.
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我要给你们看下最近的数据。
13:06
And it hasn't been published, so it's totally privy information just for TED.
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这还没有发表，完全是只提供给TED的私人信息。
13:11
And in showing you this, you know, when we're looking at this data,
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而且在展示的时候，当我们看这些数据，
13:15
we're thinking, oh do these animals, do they cross the equator?
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我们在想，这些动物，它们有没有越过赤道？
13:18
Do they go from one side of the Pacific to the other?
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它们是不是从太平洋的这边游到了另一边？
13:20
And we found that they kind of are homebodies.
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然后我们发现它们其实有点居家男人的感觉。
13:25
They're not big migrators. This is their track:
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它们不会大迁徙。这是它们的路线：
13:27
we deployed the tag off of Tokyo, and the Mola in one month
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我们在东京附近做了标记，一个月之后，
13:31
kind of got into the Kuroshio Current off of Japan and foraged there.
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它们似乎进入了日本附近的黑潮流域，在那里觅食。
13:36
And after four months, went up, you know, off of the north part of Japan.
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而四个月后，它们到了日本的北部海域。
13:40
And that's kind of their home range.
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这就是它们的活动范围。
13:42
Now that's important, though, because if there's a lot of fishing pressure,
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这一点很重要，因为如果那里渔业压力加大，
13:46
that population doesn't get replenished.
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它们的数量就得不到补充。
13:49
So that's a very important piece of data.
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因此这是个非常重要的数据。
13:51
But also what's important is that they're not slacker, lazy fish.
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另一个重要的事情是它们并非好吃懒做者，
13:57
They're super industrious.
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它们其实非常勤劳。
13:59
And this is a day in the life of a Mola, and if we --
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这是翻车鱼一天的生活，
14:02
they're up and down, and up and down, and up and down, and up
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它们游上游下，游上游下，游上游下……
14:06
and up and down, up to 40 times a day.
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一天几乎要40次。
14:08
As the sun comes up, you see in the blue, they start their dive.
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太阳升起来的时候，你看这蓝色里，它们开始下沉，
14:13
Down -- and as the sun gets brighter they go a little deeper, little deeper.
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往下。当阳光变得强烈，它们就沉得更深一点，再深一点。
14:17
They plumb the depths down to 600 meters, in temperatures to one degree centigrade,
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它们垂直下降可达600米，那里的温度仅1摄氏度，
14:23
and this is why you see them on the surface -- it's so cold down there.
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这也是为什么会看到它们在海面的原因，那下面太冷了。
14:27
They've got to come up, warm, get that solar power,
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它们必须上升，寻找温暖，获得太阳能，
14:29
and then plunge back into the depths, and go up and down and up and down.
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然后它们再下降到深处，然后上升，下降，上上下下。
14:32
And they're hitting a layer down there; it's called the deep scattering layer --
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而且它们会经过一个称为深海散射层的水层，
14:35
which a whole variety of food's in that layer.
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那里有各种各样的食物。
14:40
So rather than just being some sunbathing slacker,
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所以跟一些喜欢日光浴的懒汉比起来，
14:44
they're really very industrious fish that dance this wild dance
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它们可辛勤地多，在海水表层和底层之间
14:47
between the surface and the bottom and through temperature.
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在不同温度之间来回地舞蹈着。
14:52
We see the same pattern -- now with these tags
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通过这些标记，我们在旗鱼、鲾鲼、金枪鱼等
14:55
we're seeing a similar pattern for swordfishes, manta rays, tunas,
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身上也看到了同样的行为模式，
14:59
a real three-dimensional play.
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一个真正三维立体的活动。
15:04
This is part of a much larger program called the Census of Marine Life,
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这是一个更大项目“海洋生物大普查”中的一部分，
15:07
where they're going to be tagging all over the world
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他们的计划是在全世界进行标记，
15:10
and the Mola's going to enter into that.
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翻车鱼也将是其中一部分。
15:12
And what's exciting -- you all travel, and you know
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让人兴奋的是，你们都旅行过，你们知道，
15:15
the best thing about traveling is to be able to find the locals,
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在旅行中最棒的事情就是找到当地人，
15:18
and to find the great places by getting the local knowledge.
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然后跟他们了解当地知识，找到最好玩的地方。
15:21
Well now with the Census of Marine Life, we'll be able to sidle up to all the locals
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现在有了海洋生物大普查，我们能够走近所有的“土著”，
15:25
and explore 90 percent of our living space, with local knowledge.
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运用当地的知识，探索占我们生物圈90%的地方。
15:30
It's never -- it's really never been a more exciting, or a vital time, to be a biologist.
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再没有比这个时候当个生物学家更让人兴奋的事了。
15:36
Which brings me to my last point, and what I think is kind of the most fun.
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这也引出我的最后一点，我想到的，也是最有趣的，
15:40
I set up a website because I was getting so many questions about Molas and sunfish.
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我办了个网站，因为我收到了许许多多关于翻车鱼的问题。
15:48
And so I just figured I'd have the questions answered,
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我觉得我必须使这些问题得到解答，
15:52
and I'd be able to thank my funders, like National Geographic and Lindbergh.
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我要感谢我的资助者，如国家地理和林德伯格。
15:56
But people would write into the site with all sorts of,
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人们会在网站上写下各种各样，
16:00
all sorts of stories about these animals
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各种各样有关这些动物的故事，
16:03
and wanting to help me get samples for genetic analysis.
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并希望帮助我获取样品进行遗传分析。
16:07
And what I found most exciting is that everyone had a shared --
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我最感激动地是每个人都有一种
16:14
a shared love and an interest in the oceans.
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对海洋的大无私的爱和兴趣。
16:17
I was getting reports from Catholic nuns,
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我收到的报告有来自天主教修女的，
16:21
Jewish Rabbis, Muslims, Christians -- everybody writing in,
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有犹太教拉比的，穆斯林的，基督徒的——每个人
16:26
united by their love of life.
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都怀着对生命的爱来写。
16:30
And to me that -- I don't think I could say it any better than the immortal Bard himself:
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对我来说，我觉得我说得永远没有那位不朽的诗人（莎士比亚）说得好：
16:36
"One touch of nature makes the whole world kin."
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“轻轻一碰大自然，整个世界就亲昵起来”
16:40
And sure, it may be just one big old silly fish, but it's helping.
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这或许是一种古老的，笨笨的鱼，
16:44
If it's helping to unite the world, I think it's definitely the fish of the future.
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但如果它能使世界团结起来，我想，它就属于未来。
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Tierney Thys - Marine biologistTierney Thys is a marine biologist and science educator. She studies the behavior of the Mola mola, or giant ocean sunfish -- and works with other scientists to make films that share the wonders they see.
Why you should listen
Marine biologist Tierney Thys has fallen head over heels for a big, goofy fish: the Mola mola, or giant ocean sunfish. In studying the mola -- where they go, what they eat, what eats them -- she's also hunting for clues to the behavior of all life in the open ocean. With their enormous, odd bodies, peaceful habits and lust for jellyfish, these giants can be key to understanding life in the open ocean. Thys and her team are tagging and tracking molas worldwide to learn about how they live, and how climate change may be affecting all ocean life.
Thys is a National Geographic Explorer with a passion for marine education. She was also past director of research at the Sea Studios Foundation, a team of scientists and filmmakers that makes media to raise awareness of environmental issues -- including the PBS series Strange Days on Planet Earth and targeted videos that influence policymakers and businesspeople. Sea Studios was also instrumental in helping eBay stop the trading of invasive species.
Tierney Thys | Speaker | TED.com