TED2008
Karen Armstrong: My wish: The Charter for Compassion
凯伦·阿姆斯特朗的TED获奖心愿：呼吁《仁爱宪章》的诞生
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学者凯伦·阿姆斯特朗说道：人们希望对宗教保持虔诚，我们应该尽力使宗教成为促进社会和谐的力量。她呼吁TED社区成员跟她一起在全球范围内建立起《仁爱宪章》，让“黄金法则”重新成为全球宗教的中心教义。
Karen Armstrong - Religious scholar
Karen Armstrong -- winner of the 2008 TED Prize -- is a provocative, original thinker on the role of religion in the modern world. Full bio
Karen Armstrong -- winner of the 2008 TED Prize -- is a provocative, original thinker on the role of religion in the modern world. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Well, this is such an honor. And it's wonderful to be
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非常荣幸能得这个奖。也非常高兴能
00:18
in the presence of an organization that is really making a difference in the world.
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成为这个集体的一员，因为这个集体为世界所带来的改变有目共睹。
00:24
And I'm intensely grateful for the opportunity to speak to you today.
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我更加感激今天能有机会来做跟你们对话，
00:30
And I'm also rather surprised, because when I look back on my life
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其实就连我自己都觉得很意外。因为当我回想过去
00:37
the last thing I ever wanted to do was write, or be in any way involved in religion.
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我最不愿意干得就是与宗教有关的事，不管是写作还是以其他方式。
00:46
After I left my convent, I'd finished with religion, frankly.
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坦率地说，我离开修道院以后就没有做有关宗教的事情了。
00:50
I thought that was it.
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我当时想，那就是终点了。
00:51
And for 13 years I kept clear of it. I wanted to be an English literature professor.
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13年了，我都没接触过它。我想做一名英语文学的教授，
00:59
And I certainly didn't even want to be a writer, particularly.
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尤其是我甚至连作家都不想当。
01:03
But then I suffered a series of career catastrophes,
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然而此后，我的事业几经波折，
01:08
one after the other, and finally found myself in television. (Laughter)
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一次又一次失利之后，我却最终在电视上找到了自己。（笑声）
01:18
I said that to Bill Moyers, and he said, "Oh, we take anybody." (Laughter)
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我跟比尔.莫耶斯说到这些时，他说：“哦，我们来者不拒。”（笑声）
01:22
And I was doing some rather controversial religious programs.
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那时我做过一些颇具争议的宗教节目。
01:27
This went down very well in the U.K., where religion is extremely unpopular.
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这些节目在英国播出的非常顺利，因为宗教信仰在英国并不十分受宠。
01:34
And so, for once, for the only time in my life, I was finally in the mainstream.
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所以，仅此一次，我平生终于成为社会主流了。
01:39
But I got sent to Jerusalem to make a film about early Christianity.
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但是有一次为了拍摄有关早期基督教的影片，我去了耶路撒冷。
01:46
And there, for the first time, I encountered the other religious traditions:
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就是在那里，我第一次了解到了其他的宗教：
01:51
Judaism and Islam, the sister religions of Christianity.
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犹太教和伊斯兰教，基督教的姐妹宗教。
01:56
And while I found I knew nothing about these faiths at all --
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我发现我对这两个宗教的信仰一无所知，
02:00
despite my own intensely religious background,
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尽管我已经学习了很多年的宗教。
02:05
I'd seen Judaism only as a kind of prelude to Christianity,
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我以前认为犹太教不过是基督教的前奏，
02:08
and I knew nothing about Islam at all.
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对伊斯兰教更可谓一无所知了。
02:11
But in that city, that tortured city,
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但就是在那个几经沧桑的城市，
02:14
where you see the three faiths jostling so uneasily together,
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那片三大宗教你争我夺的圣地，
02:20
you also become aware of the profound connection between them.
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你也会慢慢意识到这三大宗教之间深刻的纽带。
02:23
And it has been the study of other religious traditions that brought me back
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正是对其他宗教的研究让我
02:28
to a sense of what religion can be, and actually enabled me
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重新思考到底什么是宗教，也启发我
02:32
to look at my own faith in a different light.
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从不同角度重新审视自己的信仰。
02:35
And I found some astonishing things in the course of my study
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在研究过程中我发现了一些令我惊异的事情，
02:39
that had never occurred to me. Frankly, in the days when I thought I'd had it with religion,
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这些事情我以前从未想到过。其实就在我觉得我跟宗教无缘的那段时间，
02:46
I just found the whole thing absolutely incredible.
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我突然发现所有的一切都是那么令人难以置信。
02:49
These doctrines seemed unproven, abstract.
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那些宗教教条看起来无法证明、抽象无比。
02:55
And to my astonishment, when I began seriously studying other traditions,
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令我吃惊的是，当我开始认真地研究基督教以外的其他宗教时，
03:02
I began to realize that belief -- which we make such a fuss about today --
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我意识到，“信仰”，这个我们如此奉若神明的东西
03:08
is only a very recent religious enthusiasm
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不过是一种近代才产生的宗教热忱，
03:13
that surfaced only in the West, in about the 17th century.
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它是17世纪才出现在西方的。
03:19
The word "belief" itself originally meant to love, to prize, to hold dear.
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“信仰”这一词的原意是关爱、赞赏以及珍视。
03:26
In the 17th century, it narrowed its focus,
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到了17世纪，这个词的含义变窄了，
03:30
for reasons that I'm exploring in a book I'm writing at the moment,
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其中的原因我正在写书进行探究，
03:33
to include -- to mean an intellectual assent to a set of propositions, a credo.
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这个词的含义变成了，对一组命题进行理智的考量后予以认可，也就是信条。
03:42
"I believe:" it did not mean, "I accept certain creedal articles of faith."
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“我相信”这句话的意思本来并不是“我接受某一宗教信条”，
03:48
It meant: "I commit myself. I engage myself."
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而是说：“我忠于这些信条，我尽全力做到这些”。
03:52
Indeed, some of the world traditions think very little of religious orthodoxy.
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世界上很多传统宗教也确实都对正统宗教学说不以为然。
03:59
In the Quran, religious opinion -- religious orthodoxy -- is dismissed as "zanna:"
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在可兰经中，教义的正统学说像赞那一样不被接受。
04:05
self-indulgent guesswork about matters that nobody can be certain of one way or the other,
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对没有人能确定的事情进行无休止的无聊猜测，
04:11
but which makes people quarrelsome and stupidly sectarian. (Laughter)
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各宗教间不断争吵，人们成为愚蠢的宗派主义者。（笑声）
04:14
So if religion is not about believing things, what is it about?
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那么如果宗教不是关于信什么的问题，那又是什么呢？
04:21
What I've found, across the board, is that religion is about behaving differently.
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经过全面的研究，我发现宗教的意义是改变人的行为。
04:26
Instead of deciding whether or not you believe in God, first you do something.
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与其去决定是不是相信上帝，不如试着去做一些事情。
04:32
You behave in a committed way,
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你实实在在的去做一些事情以后，
04:33
and then you begin to understand the truths of religion.
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你就逐渐开始理解宗教的真谛了。
04:37
And religious doctrines are meant to be summons to action;
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这些宗教的教条其实是对实际行动的引导。
04:44
you only understand them when you put them into practice.
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只有在实践中才能领悟到其中的真谛。
04:48
Now, pride of place in this practice is given to compassion.
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而实践中最最重要的非“仁爱”莫属。
04:56
And it is an arresting fact that right across the board,
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值得注意的一个事实是，
05:01
in every single one of the major world faiths, compassion --
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在世界上所有主要的宗教信仰中，仁爱──
05:05
the ability to feel with the other in the way we've been thinking about this evening --
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能对他人感同身受的能力，正如我们今晚所想--
05:10
is not only the test of any true religiosity, it is also what will bring us
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不仅是一个宗教是否是真正的信仰的试金石，它也是将我们
05:18
into the presence of what Jews, Christians and Muslims call "God" or the "Divine."
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带到“上帝”或“神灵”面前的力量，无论这个上帝是犹太人、基督徒，还是穆斯林的。
05:23
It is compassion, says the Buddha, which brings you to Nirvana.
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佛教中说是仁爱之心带你走向涅槃。
05:29
Why? Because in compassion, when we feel with the other,
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为什么这样说呢？因为当我们以仁爱之心对待他人，
05:33
we dethrone ourselves from the center of our world and we put
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我们会把他人而不是自己看做是世界的中心。
05:38
another person there. And once we get rid of ego, then we're ready to see the Divine.
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一旦我们不再唯我独尊，我们就能看见神灵。
05:46
And in particular, every single one of the major world traditions has highlighted -- has said --
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值得注意的是，世界上的各大宗教派系都强调这一点，
05:54
and put at the core of their tradition what's become known as the Golden Rule.
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都把这一黄金原则列为教义的核心。
05:59
First propounded by Confucius five centuries before Christ:
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早在公元前五百年，孔子就首先提出了这一点：
06:03
"Do not do to others what you would not like them to do to you."
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“己所不欲，勿施于人。”
06:07
That, he said, was the central thread which ran through all his teaching
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他认为这是他所有教育思想的核心，
06:11
and that his disciples should put into practice all day and every day.
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但凡他的弟子，每天都要做到这一点。
06:16
And it was -- the Golden Rule would bring them to the transcendent value that he called "ren,"
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正是这一黄金原则使人们形成一种超然的价值观，这就是他所谓的仁
06:21
human-heartedness, which was a transcendent experience in itself.
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也就是人与人之间的关爱。这种关爱本身就是超然的。
06:27
And this is absolutely crucial to the monotheisms, too.
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这对一神论者来说也是至关重要的。
06:34
There's a famous story about the great rabbi, Hillel, the older contemporary of Jesus.
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有一个著名故事是关于犹太拉比席勒儿（Hillel）的，他是跟耶稣同时代的长者。
06:37
A pagan came to him and offered to convert to Judaism if the rabbi could
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有一个异教徒来到拉比面前，说只要拉比能在自己一条腿站立
06:42
recite the whole of Jewish teaching while he stood on one leg.
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的功夫之内背出整个犹太教义，他就愿意成为犹太教徒。
06:45
Hillel stood on one leg and said, "That which is hateful to you,
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席勒儿抬起一条腿，说道，“如果什么事情是你所痛恨的，
06:49
do not do to your neighbor. That is the Torah. The rest is commentary.
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那么千万不要对你的邻居做同样的事情。这就是教律，其他的都是评论而已。
06:54
Go and study it." (Laughter)
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你自己仔细研究去吧。”（笑声）
06:56
And "go and study it" was what he meant.
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“你自己去研究”的确是他说的。
07:00
He said, "In your exegesis, you must make it clear
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他说：“在你所做的考证中，一定要弄清楚
07:04
that every single verse of the Torah is a commentary, a gloss upon the Golden Rule."
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教律的每一句话都是评论，是对黄金法则所做的注解。”
07:12
The great Rabbi Meir said that any interpretation of Scripture which
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著名拉比梅尔（Meir）曾说，任何对教义的解释，
07:19
led to hatred and disdain, or contempt of other people --
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如果结果导致的是对他人---无论什么人----的仇恨、排斥和蔑视，
07:24
any people whatsoever -- was illegitimate.
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那么这样的解释一定是有悖教律的。
07:27
Saint Augustine made exactly the same point.
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圣.奥斯汀的看法与之不谋而合。
07:30
Scripture, he says, "teaches nothing but charity, and we must not leave
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他说：“经文要教给我们的，其实除了仁慈之外并无其他东西，
07:36
an interpretation of Scripture until we have found a compassionate interpretation of it."
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对经文唯一合理的解读，就是充满仁爱的解读。”
07:43
And this struggle to find compassion in some of these rather rebarbative texts
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有一些经文看上去令人生厌，要从中找到仁慈，
07:49
is a good dress rehearsal for doing the same in ordinary life. (Applause)
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这本身就是对在生活中实践这些教义的最好预演。（鼓掌）
07:55
But now look at our world. And we are living in a world that is --
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现在看看我们这个世界。我们生活在一个
08:02
where religion has been hijacked. Where terrorists cite Quranic verses to justify their atrocities.
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信仰被劫持的现实中。恐怖分子打着古兰经的旗号大施其暴，
08:13
Where instead of taking Jesus' words, "Love your enemies.
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尽管耶稣早有箴言：“要爱你的敌人，
08:20
Don't judge others," we have the spectacle of Christians endlessly judging other people,
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不要妄断他人”，我们的基督徒们仍旧我行我素的对他人妄加推测，
08:27
endlessly using Scripture as a way of arguing with other people,
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没完没了的拿着圣经要跟别人一争高下，
08:33
putting other people down. Throughout the ages, religion has been used to oppress others,
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直到打倒别人。这么多年来，宗教一直被当做打压他人的武器，
08:41
and this is because of human ego, human greed.
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而这完全是出于人类的自负和贪婪。
08:45
We have a talent as a species for messing up wonderful things.
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我们人类有着破坏美好事物的天赋。
08:50
So the traditions also insisted -- and this is an important point, I think --
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我们的传统同时教导我们，这一点我认为非常的重要，
08:57
that you could not and must not confine your compassion
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那就是你不能只把仁爱施向
09:00
to your own group: your own nation, your own co-religionists,
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你自己身边的人：你的国家、跟你同信仰的人、
09:07
your own fellow countrymen. You must have what one of the Chinese sages called "jian ai":
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你的同乡。你必须拥有一颗中国人所说的“仁爱”之心，
09:12
concern for everybody. Love your enemies. Honor the stranger.
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也就是要关心他人、爱你的敌人、尊重陌生人。
09:18
We formed you, says the Quran, into tribes and nations so that you may know one another.
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古兰经说得好：“我把你们分成部落、族群，是要你们去相互了解对方。”
09:24
And this, again -- this universal outreach -- is getting subdued in the strident use of religion --
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这个传统，这个心怀大爱的传统，再一次在利用宗教信仰
09:34
abuse of religion -- for nefarious gains.
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达到邪恶目的和对信仰的滥用中消失殆尽。
09:40
Now, I've lost count of the number of taxi drivers who,
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我已经不记得有多少出租车司机，
09:44
when I say to them what I do for a living, inform me that religion
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在得知我做什么工作的时候告诉我说
09:49
has been the cause of all the major world wars in history. Wrong.
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历史上所有主要的战争都是宗教引起的。错!
09:53
The causes of our present woes are political.
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这些纷争都是政治所引起的。
09:58
But, make no mistake about it, religion is a kind of fault line,
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但不能否认，宗教可能成为故障点，
10:09
and when a conflict gets ingrained in a region, religion can get sucked in
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当一场冲突跟宗教搅在一起的时候，宗教就可能陷在其中，
10:13
and become part of the problem. Our modernity has been exceedingly violent.
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成为问题的一部分。我们的现代史充满了暴力。
10:18
Between 1914 and 1945, 70 million people died in Europe alone as a result of armed conflict.
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1914到1945年，光欧洲就有7千万人死于暴力冲突。
10:28
And so many of our institutions, even football, which used to be a pleasant pastime,
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有很多我们体系内的活动，像橄榄球这样曾经的消遣娱乐，
10:37
now causes riots where people even die.
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如今也会引发暴乱，引起死亡。
10:42
And it's not surprising that religion, too, has been affected by this violent ethos.
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宗教也会受到这些暴力因素的影响，这并不奇怪。
10:49
There's also a great deal, I think, of religious illiteracy around.
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况且还存在着大量的宗教文盲群体。
10:57
People seem to think, now equate religious faith with believing things.
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人们总是认为宗教信仰就是去相信一些事情，
11:02
As though that -- we call religious people often believers,
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所以我们经常把宗教人士称为信徒，
11:07
as though that were the main thing that they do. And very often, secondary goals
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就好像这就是他们主要就是干这个。常常是这样，次要的目标
11:14
get pushed into the first place, in place of compassion and the Golden Rule.
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取代了主要的目标，取代了“仁爱”原则和黄金法则。
11:20
Because the Golden Rule is difficult. I sometimes -- when I'm speaking to
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因为黄金法则很难做到。有时候，当我向大众
11:26
congregations about compassion, I sometimes see
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宣讲仁爱的时候，我有时候会看到
11:30
a mutinous expression crossing some of their faces because
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他们脸上有抗拒的表情，这是因为宗教
11:37
a lot of religious people prefer to be right, rather than compassionate. (Laughter)
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很多宗教人士更热衷于去争论谁对谁错，而不是如何施以仁爱之心。（笑声）
11:43
Now -- but that's not the whole story.
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其实还不止是这样。
11:47
Since September the 11th, when my work on Islam suddenly propelled me
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自打9.11发生以后，我对伊斯兰的研究瞬间把我
11:53
into public life, in a way that I'd never imagined, I've been able to sort of go all over the world,
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推向公众视野，这是我始料未及的。我也有机会到世界各地走走，
12:00
and finding, everywhere I go, a yearning for change.
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从而发现无论我走到哪里，渴望变革的呼声无处不在。
12:06
I've just come back from Pakistan, where literally thousands of people came to my lectures,
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我刚从巴基斯坦回来，那里有数以千计的人来听我的演讲，
12:14
because they were yearning, first of all, to hear a friendly Western voice.
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因为首先他们非常希望能听到一些来自西方的友好的声音。
12:18
And especially the young people were coming. And were asking me --
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特别是有很多年轻的听众，他们问我，
12:25
the young people were saying, "What can we do? What can we do to change things?"
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这些年轻人说：“我们能做些什么？我们要怎么样做才能改变现状？”
12:30
And my hosts in Pakistan said, "Look, don't be too polite to us.
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巴基斯坦的主持人说，“看看，你不要对我们太礼貌了。
12:37
Tell us where we're going wrong. Let's talk together about where religion is failing."
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告诉我们哪里出了问题。让我们一起来讨论到底为什么信仰会导致这样的结果。”
12:43
Because it seems to me that with -- our current situation is so serious
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在我看来，在我们现实状况如此严峻的关头，
12:50
at the moment that any ideology that doesn't promote a sense of global understanding
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任何不提倡增进全球范围内互相理解和欣赏
12:59
and global appreciation of each other is failing the test of the time.
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的意识形态都将难以通过时间的检验。
13:05
And religion, with its wide following ... Here in the United States,
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宗教信仰目前还是很受追捧的。在美国
13:11
people may be being religious in a different way, as a report has just shown --
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尽管像一些报道所说，人们有着不同的宗教信仰，
13:17
but they still want to be religious. It's only Western Europe that has retained its secularism,
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但人们还是希望有信仰的。也只有西欧保持着现实主义观，
13:25
which is now beginning to look rather endearingly old-fashioned.
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这现在看来稍微有些过时了。
13:28
But people want to be religious, and religion should be made
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人们还是希望有信仰的，宗教也应当成为
13:35
to be a force for harmony in the world, which it can and should be --
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一个社会和谐的推动力量。宗教有这个能力，也应该这样去做，
13:40
because of the Golden Rule.
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这都是因为有黄金法则的存在。
13:43
"Do not do to others what you would not have them do to you":
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“己所不欲，勿施于人”，
13:47
an ethos that should now be applied globally.
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这是一个全球适用的准则。
13:50
We should not treat other nations as we would not wish to be treated ourselves.
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我们不应该把自己不愿意做的事情强加于别国，
13:57
And these -- whatever our wretched beliefs -- is a religious matter, it's a spiritual matter.
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无论我们具体信仰的是什么，这都是有关宗教、有关精神的准则。
14:05
It's a profound moral matter that engages and should engage us all.
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这是影响深远的道德准则，我们每一个人都应该遵循的。
14:10
And as I say, there is a hunger for change out there.
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如我所说，人们对变革的渴望真真切切。
14:14
Here in the United States, I think you see it in this election campaign: a longing for change.
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在美国，我相信你们在这次的总统竞选中都看到了对变革的渴望，
14:20
And people in churches all over and mosques all over this continent after September the 11th,
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以及9.11以后各地的教堂和当地的清真寺
14:30
coming together locally to create networks of understanding.
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携手创建相互理解的网络。
14:36
With the mosque, with the synagogue, saying, "We must start to speak to one another."
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清真寺和犹太教会纷纷提议：“我们必须开始互相对话。”
14:41
I think it's time that we moved beyond the idea of toleration and move toward appreciation of the other.
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我认为现在已经到了我们从互相容忍走向互相欣赏的时候了。
14:52
I'd -- there's one story I'd just like to mention.
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我只想讲一个故事，
14:57
This comes from "The Iliad." But it tells you what this spirituality should be.
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故事来自《伊利亚特》，但它能告诉我们这种精神是什么。
15:03
You know the story of "The Iliad," the 10-year war between Greece and Troy.
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你们都知道《伊利亚特》的故事，是关于希腊和特洛伊国之间10年的战争。
15:08
In one incident, Achilles, the famous warrior of Greece, takes his troops out of the war,
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有一次，阿喀琉斯，著名的希腊战士，将自己的队伍撤离了战场，
15:13
and the whole war effort suffers. And in the course of the ensuing muddle,
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于是整个战事受到了影响。在接下来的混战中，
15:19
his beloved friend, Patroclus, is killed -- and killed in single combat
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他的好朋友，普特洛克勒斯，在一场一对一的战斗中惨遭杀害，
15:25
by one of the Trojan princes, Hector. And Achilles goes mad with grief and rage and revenge,
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杀他的是特洛伊王子赫克托。阿喀琉斯既悲痛又愤怒，发誓要报仇。
15:30
and he mutilates the body. He kills Hector, he mutilates his body
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他杀了赫克托，然后肢解了他的尸体。
15:40
and then he refuses to give the body back for burial to the family,
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他还拒绝交还尸体给赫克托的家人，
15:44
which means that, in Greek ethos, Hector's soul will wander eternally, lost.
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尸体无法下葬，这在古希腊传统中就意味着赫克托的灵魂会一直游荡，不得安息。
15:51
And then one night, Priam, king of Troy, an old man,
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然后有一天晚上，特洛伊的老国王Priam
15:55
comes into the Greek camp incognito, makes his way to Achilles' tent
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化名来到希腊战营，找到了阿喀琉斯的帐篷，
16:00
to ask for the body of his son.
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问他要自己儿子的尸体。
16:03
And everybody is shocked when the old man takes off his head covering and shows himself.
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当老人取下自己的头巾时，在场的每个人都惊诧不已。
16:10
And Achilles looks at him and thinks of his father. And he starts to weep.
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阿喀琉斯看着老人，想到了自己的父亲，于是开始抽泣。
16:18
And Priam looks at the man who has murdered so many of his sons,
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国王看着这个杀害了无数自己子民的年轻人，
16:22
and he, too, starts to weep. And the sound of their weeping filled the house.
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他也开始哭泣。房屋里充满了他们哭泣的声音。
16:27
The Greeks believed that weeping together created a bond between people.
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希腊人相信一起哭泣能拉近人与人之间的感情，
16:32
And then Achilles takes the body of Hector, he hands it very tenderly to the father,
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于是阿喀琉斯拿出赫克托的尸体，小心翼翼的递给老国王，
16:40
and the two men look at each other, and see each other as divine.
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两个人对视一眼，都将对方视为圣者。
16:45
That is the ethos found, too, in all the religions.
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这种精神存在于所有的宗教信仰中。
16:53
It's what is meant by overcoming the horror that we feel when we are under threat of our enemies,
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就是我们能够克服在受到敌人威胁时所感到的恐惧，
16:59
and beginning to appreciate the other.
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并最终开始能够欣赏我们的敌人。
17:02
It's of great importance that the word for "holy" in Hebrew, applied to God, is "Kadosh": separate, other.
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”神圣“这个词在希伯来语中，当用来形容上帝的时候，是”Kadosh"，也就是独特的、别人的意思，这个意义非凡。
17:11
And it is often, perhaps, the very otherness of our enemies which can
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很多时候，也许正是敌人身上的这种“异质”，
17:17
give us intimations of that utterly mysterious transcendence which is God.
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帮我们接受来自上帝的神秘暗示。
17:23
And now, here's my wish:
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下面是我的愿望：
17:26
I wish that you would help with the creation,
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我希望你们能帮助创建、
17:32
launch and propagation of a Charter for Compassion,
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启动和宣传“仁爱宪章”，
17:38
crafted by a group of inspirational thinkers from
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它是由一个创新思想家团队起草的，
17:44
the three Abrahamic traditions of Judaism, Christianity and Islam,
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这些哲人来自有着共同亚伯拉罕祖先的三个宗教：犹太教、基督教和伊斯兰教，
17:48
and based on the fundamental principle of the Golden Rule.
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宪章的撰写以“黄金法则”作为基本原则。
17:53
We need to create a movement among all these people that I meet in my travels --
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我们需要发起一场运动，把我在路途上遇到的这些人都团结在一起，
18:01
you probably meet, too -- who want to join up, in some way,
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这些人你们可能也碰到过，他们希望以某种方式团结起来，
18:05
and reclaim their faith, which they feel, as I say, has been hijacked.
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为他们已经被劫持的宗教信仰正名。
18:10
We need to empower people to remember the compassionate ethos,
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我们需要让人们重拾“仁爱”之心，
18:16
and to give guidelines. This Charter would not be a massive document.
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并对他们进行引导。这个宪章不会是个面面俱到的大部头经文，
18:20
I'd like to see it -- to give guidelines as to how to interpret the Scriptures,
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我希望看到的是，它引导人们如何对宗教经典进行正确解读，
18:28
these texts that are being abused. Remember what the rabbis and what Augustine
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因为这些经文已经被滥用了。还记得拉比和奥古斯汀说过的
18:34
said about how Scripture should be governed by the principle of charity.
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经文应该服务于慈善原则吗？
18:37
Let's get back to that. And the idea, too, of Jews, Christians and Muslims --
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让我们回到这个原则。这个原则是犹太人、基督徒和穆斯林共同的传统，
18:43
these traditions now so often at loggerheads -- working together to
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然而这些传统如今经常互相发生不和。我们想团结起来，
18:48
create a document which we hope will be signed by a thousand, at least,
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创建一个文档，让世界各地至少一千位
18:55
of major religious leaders from all the traditions of the world.
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主要的宗教领袖联合签名。
18:59
And you are the people. I'm just a solitary scholar.
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你们才是行动者，我只是一个孤零零的学者。
19:03
Despite the idea that I love a good time, which I was rather amazed to see coming up on me
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尽管我是个不喜欢孤军奋战的人，但（这个运动这么受欢迎）还是出乎我的意料---
19:09
-- I actually spend a great deal of time alone, studying, and I'm not very --
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我其实花了很多时间一个人呆着做研究。我不是非常---
19:15
you're the people with media knowledge to explain to me how we can get this to everybody,
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你们才是具备了媒体知识的人，能够教我如何把这些信息传达到每个人，
19:22
everybody on the planet. I've had some preliminary talks,
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这个地球上的每个人。我已经做过一些预备性的演讲，
19:26
and Archbishop Desmond Tutu, for example,
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比如说屠图大主教
19:29
is very happy to give his name to this, as is Imam Feisal Rauf, the Imam in New York City.
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就很高兴把他的名字给我，Faisal Rauf，纽约市的伊玛目，也非常乐意。
19:39
Also, I would be working with the Alliance of Civilizations at the United Nations.
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我还将跟联合国的“文明战线”一起工作，
19:47
I was part of that United Nations initiative called the Alliance of Civilizations,
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我是联合国发起的“文明战线”组织的一员，
19:55
which was asked by Kofi Annan to diagnose the causes of extremism,
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这个组织是由科菲·安南建议创建，用来诊断宗教极端分子的起源，
20:01
and to give practical guidelines to member states about how to avoid the escalation of further extremism.
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并向成员国提供预防极端活动升级的实用指南。
20:10
And the Alliance has told me that they are very happy to work with it.
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“文明战线”的人们告诉我说他们很乐意为这个而工作。
20:14
The importance of this is that this is -- I can see some of you starting to look worried,
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这件事情的重要性在于--我能看到你们脸上已经有些担忧的表情了，
20:20
because you think it's a slow and cumbersome body --
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因为你们认为这将是个缓慢和臃肿的机构，
20:23
but what the United Nations can do is give us some neutrality,
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但联合国能够给我们的工作提供一些中立性，
20:26
so that this isn't seen as a Western or a Christian initiative, but that it's coming,
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证明这些工作不是一个西方的或者基督教的活动，而是来自
20:32
as it were, from the United Nations, from the world --
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联合国，来自整个世界
20:35
who would help with the sort of bureaucracy of this.
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的所有愿意伸出援手的人。
20:41
And so I do urge you to join me in making -- in this charter --
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因此我鼓励你们加入这个行动，
20:47
to building this charter, launching it and propagating it so that it becomes --
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一起来创建这个宪章、启动和宣传这个宪章，从而让它
20:55
I'd like to see it in every college, every church, every mosque, every synagogue in the world,
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我希望看到它进入世界上每一所大学，每一个教堂，每一个清真寺和每一个犹太教会。
21:04
so that people can look at their tradition, reclaim it, and make religion a source of peace in the world,
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这样的话人们可以看到他们的宗教传统，重塑这些传统，让宗教成为世界和平的源头，
21:13
which it can and should be. Thank you very much. (Applause)
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宗教有这个能力也理应这样去做。非常感谢大家。（鼓掌）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Karen Armstrong - Religious scholarKaren Armstrong -- winner of the 2008 TED Prize -- is a provocative, original thinker on the role of religion in the modern world.
Why you should listen
Religious thinker Karen Armstrong has written more than 20 books on faith and the major religions, studying what Islam, Judaism and Christianity have in common, and how our faiths shaped world history and drive current events.
A former nun, Armstrong has written two books about this experience: Through the Narrow Gate, about her seven years in the convent, and The Spiral Staircase, about her subsequent spiritual awakening, when she developed her iconoclastic take on the major monotheistic religions -- and on the strains of fundamentalism common to all. She is a powerful voice for ecumenical understanding.
Armstrong's 2008 TED Prize wish asked the world to help her create the Charter for Compassion, a document based on the Golden Rule: that we should treat others how we would want to be treated. In fall 2008, the first draft of the charter was written by the world, via a multilingual website that allowed all to comment. In February 2009, the words were given to the Council of Conscience, a gathering of religious leaders and thinkers, who crafted the final document based on global input. The Charter was officially launched in November 2009. It has been signed by notable world leaders including Pope Benedict XVI, the Dalai Lama, Desmond Tutu, Deepak Chopra and Muhammad Ali. The Charter has led to the creation of the Charter for Compassion International (CCI) organization, the Compassionate Communities campaign, and Global Compassion Council -- a group of leaders continuing the movement around the the world.
Karen Armstrong | Speaker | TED.com