TEDGlobal 2011
Markus Fischer: A robot that flies like a bird
Robot koji leti poput ptice
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Mnoštvo robota može letjeti -- ali nijedan ne može letjeti poput prave ptice. To jest, sve dok Markus Fischer i njegov tim u Festo-u nisu izradili SmartBird, veliki, lagani robot, koji je modeliran po uzoru na galeba, koji leti mlatareći krilima. Uzvišeno svježa demostracija iz TEDGlobala 2011.
Markus Fischer - Designer
Markus Fischer led the team at Festo that developed the first ultralight artificial bird capable of flying like a real bird. Full bio
Markus Fischer led the team at Festo that developed the first ultralight artificial bird capable of flying like a real bird. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
It is a dream of mankind
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San je čovječanstva
00:18
to fly like a bird.
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letjeti poput ptice.
00:20
Birds are very agile.
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Ptice su veoma pokretne.
00:22
They fly, not with rotating components,
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One lete, bez rotirajućih komponenti,
00:25
so they fly only by flapping their wings.
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dakle, one lete samo mlatareći svojim krilima.
00:28
So we looked at the birds,
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Stoga smo promatrali ptice
00:31
and we tried to make a model
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i pokušali smo napraviti model
00:34
that is powerful, ultralight,
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koji je moćno lagan,
00:37
and it must have excellent aerodynamic qualities
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i mora imati izvrsne aerodinamičke kvalitete
00:41
that would fly by its own
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koji bi mu omogućile da leti samostojno
00:43
and only by flapping its wings.
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i samo mlatareći krilima.
00:46
So what would be better [than] to use
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A što bi bilo bolje nego koristiti
00:49
the Herring Gull, in its freedom,
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Herringovog galeba, u svoj svojoj slobodi,
00:51
circling and swooping over the sea,
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kako kruži i nalijeće nad morem,
00:53
and [to] use this as a role model?
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i koristiti ga kao uzor?
00:56
So we bring a team together.
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Stoga smo okupili tim.
00:58
There are generalists and also specialists
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Postoje generalisti i ujedno i stručnjaci
01:01
in the field of aerodynamics
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na polju aerodinamike
01:04
in the field of building gliders.
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na polju izgradnje jedrilica.
01:06
And the task was to build
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A zadatak je bio izraditi
01:08
an ultralight indoor-flying model
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ultralagan unutarnji leteći model
01:11
that is able to fly over your heads.
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koji može letjeti iznad vaših glava.
01:14
So be careful later on.
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Stoga se pripazite kasnije.
01:19
And this was one issue:
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A ovo je bio jedan izazov:
01:21
to build it that lightweight
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izraditi ga tako laganim
01:23
that no one would be hurt
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da se nitko ne bi ozlijedio
01:25
if it fell down.
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kada bi pao dolje.
01:28
So why do we do all this?
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Zašto onda radimo to sve?
01:30
We are a company in the field of automation,
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Mi smo kompanija koja djeluje na polju automatizacije,
01:33
and we'd like to do very lightweight structures
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i mi volimo izrađivati vrlo lagane strukture
01:36
because that's energy efficient,
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jer su one energetski učinkovite.
01:38
and we'd like to learn more about
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I voljeli bismo naučiti više o
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pneumatics and air flow phenomena.
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pneumatici i fenomenu protoka zraka.
01:44
So I now would like you
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Stoga bih želio da sada
01:47
to [put] your seat belts on
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vežete svoje pojaseve
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and put your hats [on].
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i stavite na glavu svoje kape.
01:51
So maybe we'll try it once --
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Možda ćemo pokušati jednom
01:54
to fly a SmartBird.
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letjeti SmartBirdom.
01:56
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
01:58
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
02:14
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
02:52
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
03:07
So we can now
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Stoga možemo sada
03:09
look at the SmartBird.
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promotriti SmartBird.
03:12
So here is one without a skin.
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Ovdje je jedna bez kože.
03:15
We have a wingspan of about two meters.
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Imamo promjer krila od oko dva metra.
03:18
The length is one meter and six,
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Dužina je metar šezdeset,
03:21
and the weight,
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a težina,
03:23
it is only 450 grams.
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je oko samo 450 grama.
03:26
And it is all out of carbon fiber.
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I cijela je od karbonskih vlakana.
03:29
In the middle we have a motor,
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U sredini imamo motor,
03:31
and we also have a gear in it,
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i imamo i mjenjač u njoj.
03:35
and we use the gear
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I koristimo taj mjenjač
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to transfer the circulation of the motor.
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kako bi prenijeli cirkulaciju motora.
03:40
So within the motor, we have three Hall sensors,
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Dakle, unutar motora, imamo tri Hall senzora,
03:43
so we know exactly where
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kako bi znali točno gdje
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the wing is.
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je krilo.
03:49
And if we now beat up and down ...
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I ako sada mlataramo gore dolje...
03:56
we have the possibility
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imamo mogućnost
03:58
to fly like a bird.
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letjeti poput ptice.
04:00
So if you go down, you have the large area of propulsion,
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Dakle, ako idete dolje, imate veliko područje uzgona.
04:03
and if you go up,
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A ako idete gore,
04:06
the wings are not that large,
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krila nisu toliko velika,
04:10
and it is easier to get up.
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i lakše je ići gore.
04:14
So, the next thing we did,
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Dakle, iduća stvar koju smo napravili,
04:17
or the challenges we did,
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ili izazove koje smo premostili
04:19
was to coordinate this movement.
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su bili koordinacija tog kretanja.
04:22
We have to turn it, go up and go down.
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Moramo je okrenuti, ići gore i ići dolje.
04:25
We have a split wing.
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Imamo potrgano krilo.
04:27
With a split wing
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S potrganim krilom
04:29
we get the lift at the upper wing,
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dobijemo potisak na gornjem krilu,
04:32
and we get the propulsion at the lower wing.
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i dobijemo uzgon na donjem krilu.
04:35
Also, we see
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Ujedno, vidimo
04:37
how we measure the aerodynamic efficiency.
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kako mjerimo učinkovitost aerodinamike.
04:40
We had knowledge about
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Imali smo znanje o
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the electromechanical efficiency
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elektromehaničkoj učinkovitosti
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and then we can calculate
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i zatim možemo izračunati
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the aerodynamic efficiency.
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aerodinamičku učinkovitost.
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So therefore,
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Stoga,
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it rises up from passive torsion to active torsion,
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podiže se iz pasivne torzije u aktivnu torziju,
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from 30 percent
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s 30 posto
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up to 80 percent.
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na 80 posto.
04:57
Next thing we have to do,
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Iduća stvar koju moramo učiniti,
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we have to control and regulate
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je kotroliranja i reguliranje
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the whole structure.
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cijele strukture.
05:03
Only if you control and regulate it,
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Samo ako je kontrolirate i regulirate,
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you will get that aerodynamic efficiency.
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dobiti ćete aerodinamičku učinkovitost.
05:09
So the overall consumption of energy
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Dakle, ukupna potrošnja energije
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is about 25 watts at takeoff
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je oko 25 vati prilikom polijetanja
05:15
and 16 to 18 watts in flight.
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i 16 do 18 vati u letu.
05:18
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
05:20
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
05:26
Bruno Giussani: Markus, I think that we should fly it once more.
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Bruno Giussani: Markus, mislim kako bi trebala još jednom letjeti.
05:29
Markus Fischer: Yeah, sure.
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Markus Fischer: Da, naravno.
05:31
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
05:53
(Gasps)
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(Uzdasi)
06:02
(Cheers)
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(Navijanje)
06:04
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Markus Fischer - DesignerMarkus Fischer led the team at Festo that developed the first ultralight artificial bird capable of flying like a real bird.
Why you should listen
One of the oldest dreams of mankind is to fly like a bird. Many, from Leonardo da Vinci to contemporary research teams, tried to crack the "code" for the flight of birds, unsuccessfully. Until in 2011 the engineers of the Bionic Learning Network established by Festo, a German technology company, developed a flight model of an artificial bird that's capable of taking off and rising in the air by means of its flapping wings alone. It's called SmartBird. Markus Fischer is Festo's head of corporate design, where he's responsible for a wide array of initiatives. He established the Bionic Learning Network in 2006.
SmartBird is inspired by the herring gull. The wings not only beat up and down but twist like those of a real bird -- and seeing it fly leaves no doubt: it's a perfect technical imitation of the natural model, just bigger. (Even birds think so.) Its wingspan is almost two meters, while its carbon-fiber structure weighs only 450 grams.
Fischer says: "We learned from the birds how to move the wings, but also the need to be very energy efficient."
Markus Fischer | Speaker | TED.com