Eric Haseltine: What will be the next big scientific breakthrough?
إريك هاسلتين: ما هو الإنجاز العلمي الكبير المقبل؟
Eric Haseltine applies discoveries about the brain to innovation and forecasting game-changing advances in science and technology. Full bio
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my passion for science.
that takes baby steps.
that takes enormous leaps.
سريعة هائلة.
that turns the world on its head.
العالَم رأسًا على عقب.
about two ideas that might do this.
فكرتين ربما تقوما بذلك.
most are flat wrong,
تمامًا،
seldom have the impact
لديها التأثير
two ideas in particular,
على وجه الخصوص،
compulsively thorough doctor
متعمقا متقلب المزاج
soon after giving birth
بعد ولادتهن
at one of the clinics than at the other.
أكثر من الأخرى.
what the difference was that caused this,
يسببُ ذلك،
until he happened to autopsy a doctor
مع طبيب التشريح
to those of the mothers who were dying.
أعراض الأمهات اللواتي كنّ يمتُنّ.
get the same thing as new mothers?
نفس الشيء كالأمهات الجُدد؟
everything the doctor had done
الطبيب
that he'd been autopsying a corpse.
in his wound that killed him?
أدى إلى وفاته؟
for any connection he could
and dead mothers in his delivery room,
والأمهات المتوفيات في غرفة الولادة لديه،
with the high death rate,
العالي،
after autopsying corpses in the morgue.
مباشرة بعد تشريحهم للجثث في المشرحة.
the doctors' hands
to sterilize their hands,
had discovered infectious disease.
المرض المعدي.
thought he was crazy,
مجنون.
and had for hundreds of years,
مئات السنيين،
called miasmas caused disease,
"الهواء الخانق" هي المسببة للمرض
that you couldn't see.
التي لا يمكنكم رؤيتها.
for Frenchman Louis Pasteur
من الفرنسي (لويس باستور)
why milk and beer spoiled so often.
وشراب الشعير في أكثر الأحيان.
could kill people in exactly the same way
الناس بنفس الطريقة تمامًا
to talk about tonight, in two ideas.
عنه الليلة، من خلال فكرتين.
that he was a revolutionary.
to a completely new world.
جديد تمامًا.
that bacteria killed people.
that people kept close to their heart.
عليها الناس قريبة من قلوبهم.
Bacteria killed people.
البكتيريا تقتل الناس.
I want to talk about tonight.
الليلة.
to a completely new universe,
علينا منذ فترة طويلة.
to an entirely new world
على عالم جديد تمامًا
Bell Laboratory
were taking his brilliant inventions
اختراعاته العبقرية
for figuring out
to see finer and finer details
رؤية واضحة وتعطي تفاصيل دقيقة
or ever could be seen.
ولم يستطع أحد أن يراها قبلاً.
going to understand how cells work,
طريقنا لفهم كيف تعمل الخلايا،
150th the size of a head of a pin
حجم رأس الدبوس
called the law of physics,
is the thing called the diffraction limit.
المسمى حد حيود الضوء.
when you go to a doctor's office,
مُشابه لما تجده عندما تذهب للطبيب،
no matter how good glasses you have.
بغض النظرعن جودة نظارتك.
figured out how to take a tiny molecule
الحصول على جزء متناهي الصغر
the best microscope could see
أقوى مِجهَر
are not so unbreakable after all."
غير قابلة للخرق علي أية حال."
in his friend's living room.
في غرفة معيشة صديقه.
got different protein molecules
مختلفة
to turn very, very fuzzy blurs
بقع مُشَوَشَة للغاية
of unprecedented and startling clarity.
وبوضوح لا مثيل له.
في السنة الماضية،
with unprecedented detail
التفاصيل الجديدة التي لم يسبق لها مثيل
a better handle on things like cancer.
أفضل لأشياء مثل السرطان.
Betzig was satisfied there?
that he invented were just too slow.
اخترعها كانت بطيئة جدًا.
if you take two very, very fine patterns
أنكم إذا أخذتم شكلين رقيقين للغاية
be able to see.
to taking a really blurry image of a cell
بأخذ صورة ضبابية جداً لخلية ما
light patterns across it
من خلالها
الواضحة وضوح الشمس،
هنا وهناك
we don't know what they're doing.
تفعله،
we'll have a better handle on life itself.
سيطرة أفضل على الحياة ذانها.
green globs that you see?
التي ترونها؟
that protect other molecules
hijack those to infect cells.
هذه الجزئيات لتنقل العدوى إلى الخلايا.
wormlike things moving around?
تشبه الدود وتتحرك هنا وهناك؟
also climb down those things
deep inside a cell,
of curing viral diseases like AIDS.
الفيروسية مثل الإيدز/نقص المناعة المكتسبة.
our eyes to a completely new world.
إلى عالمٍ جديد تمامًا.
any cherished beliefs.
squirming with an interesting idea:
حيال فكرة مثيرة للاهتمام:
think he's a crackpot.
معتوه غريب الأطوار.
consequence of living.
لا مفر منها في الحياة.
what we call free radicals.
الجزيئات الحرة.
وتُحدِث فيه طفرات
there is something called immortality:
يُسمى الخُلُود:
into giant walking malignant tumors.
خبيثة ضخمة تمشي.
but could de Grey be on to something?
لـ(دي غراي) أن يكون على حق؟
seeing him as a crackpot.
رؤيته شخصاً معتوهًا.
as a computer scientist,
in biology from Cambridge,
الأحياء من جامعة كامبردج،
some very significant work
and a bunch of other stuff.
وعدة أشياء الأخرى.
an antiaging foundation
seven different causes of aging,
للتقدم في العمر،
of fixes for every single one of them.
منهم على حدة.
is that our mitochondrial DNA mutates,
طفرات الحمض النووي للميتوكوندريا،
and our cells lose energy.
التي تفقد الطاقة.
a convincing case,
بالعلاج الجيني،
is going to revolutionize our lifespans.
لمتوسط عمرنا بشكل كبير.
and most of us are not lobsters.
وليس معظمنا سرطانات بحر.
Darwins and Einsteins out there,
مثل داروين وأينشتاين،
alive today than during Darwin's time.
أكثر سبع مرات من أيام داروين.
alive today as Einstein.
أكثر بأربع مرات من أيام أينشتاين.
in the population has skyrocketed,
قد ازدادت ووصلت الذروة،
that there's one of them out there
واحدًا منهم
and I don't know about you,
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Eric Haseltine - Author, futurist, innovatorEric Haseltine applies discoveries about the brain to innovation and forecasting game-changing advances in science and technology.
Why you should listen
Dr. Eric Haseltine is a neuroscientist and futurist who has applied a brain-centered approach to help organizations in aerospace, entertainment, healthcare, consumer products and national security transform and innovate. He is the author of Long Fuse, Big Bang: Achieving Long-Term Success Through Daily Victories. For five years, he wrote a monthly column on the brain for Discover magazine and is a frequent contributor to Psychology Today's web site, where his popular blog on the brain has garnered over 800,000 views. Haseltine received the Distinguished Psychologist in Management Award from the Society of Psychologists in Management and has published 41 patents and patent applications in optics, media and entertainment technology.
In 1992 he joined Walt Disney Imagineering to help found the Virtual Reality Studio, which he ultimately ran until his departure from Disney in 2002. When he left Disney, Haseltine was executive vice president of Imagineering and head of R&D for the entire Disney Corporation, including film, television, theme parks, Internet and consumer products.
In the aftermath of 9/11, Eric joined the National Security Agency to run its Research Directorate. Three years later, he was promoted to associate of director of National Intelligence, where he oversaw all science and technology efforts within the United States Intelligence Community as well as fostering development innovative new technologies for countering cyber threats and terrorism. For his work on counter-terrorism technologies, he received the National Intelligence Distinguished Service Medal in 2007.
Haseltine serves on numerous boards, and is an active consultant, speaker and writer. Over the past three years, he has focused heavily on developing innovation strategies and consumer applications for the Internet of Things, virtual reality and augmented reality.
Haseltine continues to do basic research in neuroscience, with his most recent publications focusing on the mind-body health connection and exploitation of big-data to uncover subtle, but important trends in mental and physical health.
Eric Haseltine | Speaker | TED.com