Chad Frischmann: 100 solutions to reverse global warming
تشاد فريشمان: مائة حل لعكس ظاهرة الاحتباس الحراري
Chad Frischmann is working to get humanity to "drawdown," the point in time when the concentration of atmospheric greenhouse gases begins to decline on a year-to-year basis. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
you may never have heard before,
لم يسبق أن سمعتم بها من قبل،
and acting on global warming.
بالاحتباس الحراري والتعامل معه.
global warming is possible.
عكس عملية الاحتباس الحراري.
of greenhouse gases begin to decline
في الغلاف الجوي في الانخفاض
than we put into Earth's atmosphere.
تلك الكمية التي نصدرها في الغلاف الجوي.
about climate change,
التغير المناخي،
the expression of the problem.
of the planet telling us what's going on.
نظام الكوكب بشأن ما يجري فيه.
concentrations of greenhouse gases
of reversing global warming?
هي عن طريق السحب،
it sounds impossible,
technologies and practices
الحقيقية والفعالة
to accelerate implementation
which only leads to apathy,
والتي تؤدي إلى اللامبالاة فحسب،
called Project Drawdown.
and writers from all over the world,
والكتَّاب حول العالم،
those 80 can achieve drawdown.
تحقيق عملية الانسحاب.
solutions on the pipeline,
and financially feasible.
وذات جدوى مالية.
generation with clean, renewable sources;
على الوقود الأحفوري بمصادر نظيفة ومتجددة،
through technological efficiency
الكفاءة التكنولوجية
in our plants' biomass and soil
we all learn in grade school,
في المدرسة الابتدائية،
of these three mechanisms
to reversing global warming.
لعكس ظاهرة الاحتباس الحراري.
to look over the list.
to educating girls,
على الشواطئ إلى تعليم الفتيات،
to rooftop solar technology.
إلى تكنولوجيا الطاقة الشمسية على الأسطح.
you'll see figures in gigatons,
equivalent carbon dioxide
globally over a 30-year period.
about climate solutions,
electricity generation.
as the most important set of solutions,
كأهم مجموعة من الحلول،
to notice about this list
relate to electricity.
بين أفضل 20 حلًا ترتبط بالكهرباء.
relate to the food system.
ترتبط بنظم الغذاء.
may come as a surprise to many people,
مفاجأة لكثير من الناس،
is that the decisions we make every day
هو أن القرارات التي نتخذها كل يوم
purchase and consume
important contributions
to reversing global warming.
لعكس الاحتباس الحراري.
is also very important.
and creates new carbon sinks
and land management together,
الغذاء وإدارة الأراضي معًا،
relate to how and why we use land.
بكيفية استخدامنا للأرض.
traditional thinking on climate solutions.
may also surprise you.
would be refrigeration management,
hydrofluorocarbons, also known as HFCs,
الهيدروفلوروكربون بشكل مناسب،
and air conditioners to cool the air.
ومكيفات الهواء للتبريد.
with the Montreal Protocol
of chlorofluorocarbons, CFCs,
on the ozone layer.
بمركبات الهيدروفلوروكربون،
more potent a greenhouse gas
بمئات أو آلاف المرات
is a conservative figure.
of the Kigali agreement of 2016,
اتفاقية (كيغالي) لعام 2016،
of hydrofluorocarbons
من مركبات الهيدروفلوروكربون،
natural refrigerants, which exist today,
الموجودة اليوم،
to nearly 200 gigatons
أو ما يقرب من 200 غيغا طن
of specific solutions,
how we came to these calculations.
توصلنا إلى هذه الحسابات.
we collected a lot of data,
to create ranges
throughout the models.
which underlies the entire project.
كأساس للمشروع بأكمله.
projected into the future,
what we would have to do anyway.
القيام به على أي حال.
from onshore wind turbines, for example,
من التوربينات الهوائية البرية،
generated from wind farms
from coal or gas-fired plants.
أو من محطات الغاز.
to build and to operate the plants
to compare recycling versus landfilling,
إعادة التدوير مقابل الطمر،
industrial agriculture,
cutting down our forests.
within and across systems
if we actually get to drawdown.
في المرتبة العاشرة.
covered in solar panels.
مغطى بالألواح الشمسية.
in urban and rural settings,
بالمناطق الحضرية والريفية،
on a straw island in Lake Titicaca
for cooking and lighting,
للطهي والإضاءة،
is not only helping to reduce emissions,
لا تساعد فقط على تقليل الانبعاثات
and security for their household.
land in the tropics
في المناطق المدارية
to reversing global warming.
as giant sticks of carbon.
مثل عصي عملاقة من الكربون.
the atmosphere through photosynthesis,
من خلال التمثيل الضوئي،
biomass and soil organic carbon.
إلى كتلة للنبات والكربون العضوي للتربة.
how we produce our food
في كيفية إنتاج غذائنا
and we researched over 13 of them,
وقد قمنا بإجراء أبحاث على أكثر من 13 منها
of producing food.
for centuries, for generations.
على مدى قرون، ولأجيال عديدة.
by modern agriculture,
بطرق الزراعة الحديثة،
and pesticides which degrade the land
التي تقلل كفاءة التربة
of greenhouse gases.
on the other hand,
and large farming operations alike
وعمليات الزراعة الكبيرة على حد سواء،
بكيفية إنتاج الغذاء فقط،
on global warming.
a vegan or a vegetarian diet,
ليس حمية نباتية،
who make those choices.
بمتخذي مثل هذه الخيارات.
in terms of how much we consume,
من حيث مقدار ما نستهلكه،
how much meat is consumed.
caloric and protein intake.
من السعرات الحرارية والبروتين.
becomes the number four solution
في المرتبة الرابعة
of all food produced is not eaten,
جميع المواد الغذائية المنتجة لا يؤكل،
eight percent of global greenhouse gases.
من الغازات الدفيئة.
where across the supply chain
أين يحدث في سلسلة الإمداد
after food leaves the farm,
بعد خروج الطعام من المزرعة،
early in the supply chain
في سلسلة الإمداد
and storage challenges.
in low-income countries
في البلدان الفقيرة
after food leaves the farm,
بعد خروج الطعام من المزرعة،
at the end of the supply chain
في نهاية سلسلة الإمداد
all the production solutions
enough food on current farmland
على الأراضي الزراعية الحالية
a healthy, nutrient-rich diet
غذاء صحي غني بالمغذيات
to cut down forests for food production.
إلى قطع الغابات لإنتاج الغذاء.
are the same solutions to food insecurity.
هي نفس الحلول لانعدام الأمن الغذائي.
does not get talked enough about,
the right to choose
health clinics and education,
global population by 2050.
المقدر بحلول عام 2050.
means reduced demand
يعني انخفاض الطلب
and all other resources.
والمباني وجميع الموارد الأخرى.
that higher demand
the basic human right
and if to raise a family.
without equal quality of education
بدون جودة متساوية في التعليم
في الوقت الحالي.
right down the middle.
educating girls and family planning
تعليم الفتيات وتنظيم الأسرة
to reversing global warming,
of greenhouse gases.
من غازات الاحتباس الحراري.
or a subset of solutions
far along the pathway,
as a small solution.
was even a problem,
يشكل مشكلة أم لا،
to human and planetary well-being.
abundant access to energy for all.
نظيفًا ووفيرًا للطاقة للجميع.
with enough food and sustenance.
مع وفرة واستدامة الغذاء.
and the freedom of choice.
agroforestry, silvopasture
والحراجة الزراعية والرعي المتكامل،
also protects biodiversity
تحمي التنوع البيولوجي،
to all species are incalculable.
I know it's probably on everybody's mind;
أنه ربما يفكر بها الجميع،
that to implement all 80 solutions
dollars over 30 years.
على مدي 30 عامًا.
global GDP is over 80 trillion every year,
العالمي يتخطى 80 تريليون دولار سنويًا،
from implementing these solutions
over double the costs.
أي أكثر من ضعف التكاليف.
of 44 trillion dollars.
and the return on that investment is huge.
والعائد من هذا الاستثمار ضخم.
exploitative and extractive
restorative and regenerative.
في أهدافنا العالمية،
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Chad Frischmann - Systems strategist, coalition-builderChad Frischmann is working to get humanity to "drawdown," the point in time when the concentration of atmospheric greenhouse gases begins to decline on a year-to-year basis.
Why you should listen
Chad Frischmann developed the methodology and models underpinning the New York Times best-seller Drawdown: The Most Comprehensive Plan Ever Proposed to Reverse Global Warming (Penguin, 2017). Drawdown was the number one best-selling environmental book of 2017 and is currently being translated into more than ten languages. In collaboration with a global team of researchers, Frischmann designed integrated global models to assess the world's most effective climate solutions and determine if, when and how the world can reach "drawdown," the point in time when the concentration of atmospheric greenhouse gases begins to decline on a year-to-year basis.
With an interdisciplinary background in public policy, human rights, sustainable development, and environmental conservation, Frischmann works as a systems strategist to build a new, regenerative future with cascading benefits to the environment and to human well-being. As head of research and technology since Project Drawdown's inception, he is a key spokesperson and coalition-builder dedicated to sharing the message and model of Drawdown with the world.
Frischmann provides a systems-based, action-orientated approach to research and strategic leadership. Previously, as the Senior Program Officer at The Europaeum, an association of leading European universities, Frischmann worked to further international collaboration through academic mobility and exchange between students, researchers and those working in the public and private sectors. He taught at the University of Oxford and the University of California at Berkeley and worked as a consultant and researcher for numerous organizations, from small grassroots non-profits to international agencies such as UNESCO and the International Fund for Agricultural Development.
Chad Frischmann | Speaker | TED.com