Chad Frischmann: 100 solutions to reverse global warming
查德·弗里施曼: 100种解决全球变暖的方法
Chad Frischmann is working to get humanity to "drawdown," the point in time when the concentration of atmospheric greenhouse gases begins to decline on a year-to-year basis. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
you may never have heard before,
你们过去可能从未听过,
and acting on global warming.
一种新思路。
通向我们想要的未来,
global warming is possible.
of greenhouse gases begin to decline
than we put into Earth's atmosphere.
大于我们排入的节点。
about climate change,
the expression of the problem.
of the planet telling us what's going on.
正在发生什么的信号。
concentrations of greenhouse gases
of reversing global warming?
it sounds impossible,
technologies and practices
to accelerate implementation
which only leads to apathy,
解放出来,
called Project Drawdown.
的组织工作。
and writers from all over the world,
作家团队一起,
解决方案。
those 80 can achieve drawdown.
这80个方案就可以实现减排。
solutions on the pipeline,
或在酝酿中,
and financially feasible.
经济上允许的。
一件或多件:
generation with clean, renewable sources;
现有的化石燃料发电;
through technological efficiency
in our plants' biomass and soil
光合作用的魔力,
we all learn in grade school,
of these three mechanisms
to reversing global warming.
20大解决方案清单。
to look over the list.
to educating girls,
to rooftop solar technology.
屋顶太阳能技术。
you'll see figures in gigatons,
你会看到以10亿为单位的数字。
equivalent carbon dioxide
在全球部署超过30年。
globally over a 30-year period.
about climate solutions,
electricity generation.
as the most important set of solutions,
最重要的解决方案,
to notice about this list
首要事情是
relate to electricity.
5个跟电力有关。
relate to the food system.
有8个跟食物系统有关。
may come as a surprise to many people,
可能出乎多数人预料,
is that the decisions we make every day
purchase and consume
消费什么食物上的决定
important contributions
to reversing global warming.
is also very important.
and creates new carbon sinks
and land management together,
relate to how and why we use land.
如何和为什么使用土地有关。
traditional thinking on climate solutions.
对气候解决方案的传统思考。
may also surprise you.
would be refrigeration management,
hydrofluorocarbons, also known as HFCs,
and air conditioners to cool the air.
with the Montreal Protocol
做得很好,
of chlorofluorocarbons, CFCs,
on the ozone layer.
more potent a greenhouse gas
is a conservative figure.
of the Kigali agreement of 2016,
《基加利协议》的影响,
of hydrofluorocarbons
氢氟碳化合物,
natural refrigerants, which exist today,
to nearly 200 gigatons
总共减少温室气体排放
就如我们过去一样。
of specific solutions,
how we came to these calculations.
我们是怎么算出这些数字的。
we collected a lot of data,
to create ranges
throughout the models.
which underlies the entire project.
这是整个项目的基础。
projected into the future,
what we would have to do anyway.
from onshore wind turbines, for example,
所减少的840亿吨,
generated from wind farms
from coal or gas-fired plants.
to build and to operate the plants
所有成本,
to compare recycling versus landfilling,
industrial agriculture,
cutting down our forests.
within and across systems
跨系统整合结果,
if we actually get to drawdown.
具体的解决方案。
covered in solar panels.
屋顶覆盖着太阳能电池板。
in urban and rural settings,
我们的城市和农村环境,
on a straw island in Lake Titicaca
for cooking and lighting,
is not only helping to reduce emissions,
这个家庭不仅减少了排放,
and security for their household.
提供了安全保障。
land in the tropics
to reversing global warming.
as giant sticks of carbon.
the atmosphere through photosynthesis,
和土壤有机碳,
biomass and soil organic carbon.
how we produce our food
and we researched over 13 of them,
我们研究了其中的13种,
of producing food.
for centuries, for generations.
by modern agriculture,
and pesticides which degrade the land
从而导致土地退化,
of greenhouse gases.
on the other hand,
and large farming operations alike
on global warming.
a vegan or a vegetarian diet,
who make those choices.
in terms of how much we consume,
这是一种健康的饮食,
how much meat is consumed.
caloric and protein intake.
becomes the number four solution
of all food produced is not eaten,
没有被吃完,
eight percent of global greenhouse gases.
全球8%的温室气体。
where across the supply chain
after food leaves the farm,
early in the supply chain
and storage challenges.
in low-income countries
after food leaves the farm,
食物离开农场后,
at the end of the supply chain
all the production solutions
enough food on current farmland
现有的农田上生产足够食物
a healthy, nutrient-rich diet
从现在到2050年及以后
to cut down forests for food production.
来生产食物。
are the same solutions to food insecurity.
保障食品安全的解决方案。
does not get talked enough about,
the right to choose
health clinics and education,
生殖教育、
global population by 2050.
means reduced demand
and all other resources.
和其他资源需求的减少。
that higher demand
因此可以减少,
the basic human right
如何及是否
and if to raise a family.
without equal quality of education
没有接受同等质量教育的机会。
right down the middle.
educating girls and family planning
to reversing global warming,
of greenhouse gases.
or a subset of solutions
far along the pathway,
我们延着这条路走得很远,
as a small solution.
可以被忽略的,
was even a problem,
to human and planetary well-being.
有连锁反应。
abundant access to energy for all.
提供了清洁、丰富的能源。
with enough food and sustenance.
and the freedom of choice.
agroforestry, silvopasture
农林复合,森林保护
also protects biodiversity
也就保护了生物多样性
to all species are incalculable.
是不可估量的。
I know it's probably on everybody's mind;
因为我知道大家可能都在想
that to implement all 80 solutions
dollars over 30 years.
global GDP is over 80 trillion every year,
GDP超过80万亿美元,
from implementing these solutions
带来的估计节省
over double the costs.
of 44 trillion dollars.
and the return on that investment is huge.
投资的回报确是巨大的。
exploitative and extractive
restorative and regenerative.
具有恢复性和可再生新常态系统。
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Chad Frischmann - Systems strategist, coalition-builderChad Frischmann is working to get humanity to "drawdown," the point in time when the concentration of atmospheric greenhouse gases begins to decline on a year-to-year basis.
Why you should listen
Chad Frischmann developed the methodology and models underpinning the New York Times best-seller Drawdown: The Most Comprehensive Plan Ever Proposed to Reverse Global Warming (Penguin, 2017). Drawdown was the number one best-selling environmental book of 2017 and is currently being translated into more than ten languages. In collaboration with a global team of researchers, Frischmann designed integrated global models to assess the world's most effective climate solutions and determine if, when and how the world can reach "drawdown," the point in time when the concentration of atmospheric greenhouse gases begins to decline on a year-to-year basis.
With an interdisciplinary background in public policy, human rights, sustainable development, and environmental conservation, Frischmann works as a systems strategist to build a new, regenerative future with cascading benefits to the environment and to human well-being. As head of research and technology since Project Drawdown's inception, he is a key spokesperson and coalition-builder dedicated to sharing the message and model of Drawdown with the world.
Frischmann provides a systems-based, action-orientated approach to research and strategic leadership. Previously, as the Senior Program Officer at The Europaeum, an association of leading European universities, Frischmann worked to further international collaboration through academic mobility and exchange between students, researchers and those working in the public and private sectors. He taught at the University of Oxford and the University of California at Berkeley and worked as a consultant and researcher for numerous organizations, from small grassroots non-profits to international agencies such as UNESCO and the International Fund for Agricultural Development.
Chad Frischmann | Speaker | TED.com