Helen Pearson: Lessons from the longest study on human development
هيلين بيرسون: دروس من أطول دراسة عن تطور البشرية
Helen Pearson's book, "The Life Project," tells the extraordinary story of the longest-running study of human development in the world. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
a couple of questions.
to bring up your children
going up on that second one,
إرتفعت مجيبةً على السؤال الثاني،
pretty much no idea what I'm doing.
فكرة جيدة عما أفعله
happy and healthy in their lives,
وأصحاء في حياتهم،
تقدم جميع النصائح المتضاربة،
offering all kinds of conflicting advice,
just making it up as I go along.
طريقتي الخاصة خلال تربيتي.
a few years ago,
منذ بضع سنوات مضت،
that we have in Britain.
لدينا هنا في بريطانيا.
about how I bring up my own children,
فيما يخص تنشئتي لأبنائي،
how we as a society can help all children.
كمجتمع على مساعدة جميع الاطفال.
with you today.
thousands of children through their lives
آلاف الأطفال خلال حياتهم
anywhere else in the world.
في أي مكان آخر في العالم.
on thousands of children
مقارنة الذين يقولون،
the ones who say,
صحي ، سعيد أو غني عندما تنضج،
or happy or wealthy as adults,
all the information we've collected
المعلومات التي قمنا بجمعها
تغيرت حيواتهم بذاك الشكل.
their lives turned out different.
it's actually a kind of crazy story.
في الحقيقة قصة مجنونة نوعاً ما.
after the end of the war,
to have a baby at the time.
بالإنجاب في ذلك الوقت.
this huge survey of mothers
of nearly every baby
جميع الأطفال تقريباً
and Wales in one week.
في اسبوع واحد
we might ask today.
of a pint of milk a day?"
on smocks, corsets,
while you were in bed with this baby?"
كنتي في السرير مع المولود؟"
actually ended up being so successful
وقت الحرب اتضح انها ناجحة
of thousands of babies born in 1958
have been involved in these studies
شاركوا في هذه الدراسة
and recorded more information
وتسجيل معلومات إضافية
every few years ever since.
سنوات منذ ذلك الوقت.
that's now been collected on these people
جمعها عن هؤلاء الأشخاص
of paper questionnaires
a huge bank of tissue samples,
nail clippings, baby teeth and DNA.
أضافر، أسنان لبنية وحمض نووي
from some of the births,
مشيمة من بعض الولادات،
in a secure storage warehouse.
بلاستيكية في مستودع تخزين آمن.
is tracking generations of children
يتتبع أجيال من الأطفال
people on the planet,
تمت دراستهم على الكوكب،
incredibly valuable for scientists,
لاتصدق عند العلماء،
academic papers and books.
on just one finding --
to come from this remarkable study.
من هذه الدراسة الرائعة.
that spoke to me personally,
to do the best for our children.
لنبذل قصارى جهدنا لأطفالنا.
out of the way first.
from this remarkable study is this:
هذه الدراسة الرائعة هي التالي:
or into disadvantage,
to walk a difficult path in life.
في الحياة ستكون صعبة.
were born into poor families
وُلدوا في عائلات فقيرة
cramped homes or other problems,
منازل صغيرة او مشاكل أُخرى
that those disadvantaged children
on almost every score.
to do worse at school,
and to earn less money.
سيئة وتحصيل مالي أقل.
have been really surprising,
unhealthy as adults.
poor health and even to die earlier.
صحي وغالباً ما يموتون باكراً.
at a really shockingly early age.
بشكل صادم في سن مبكرة.
the richer children on educational tests,
دراسي عن الأطفال الأغنى
again and again across the generations.
مجدداً ومجدداً خلال الأجيال.
have a profound influence
سن مبكرة يكون لها أثر عميق
of our lives play out.
that we face today.
everyone, is this:
or into a struggling family.
the small problem here.
رؤية المشكلة.
or how much they earn,
والدينا أو مقدار ما يكسبون،
a real note of optimism
ملاحظة حقيقية عن التفاؤل
who has a disadvantaged start
have a tough start in life,
الناس كانت بدايتهم صعبة
on some measure nevertheless,
بشكل جيد رُغماً عن كل شيء،
والدين ملتزمون
interested parents,
from a difficult start.
للنجاة من البدايات الصعبة.
are really, really important,
هو أمر مهم حقاً،
who were born in 1970.
طفل وُلِدوا في عام 1970.
that they had collected
who'd had a difficult start in life
لديهم بداية صعبة في الحياة
at school nevertheless.
بشكل جيد في المدرسة
more than anything else was parents.
التي لها تأثير كانت (الوالدين).
in those first few years of life
في هذه السنوات الأولى في الحياة
to do well at school later on.
بشكل جيد في المدرسة في ما بعد.
that parents do
جدا قام بفعلها الوالدين
outcomes for children.
seems to be really important, too.
أمر مهم جداً، ايضاً.
to them daily when they were five
لهم يومياً في عمر الخامسة
in their education at the age of 10,
بتعليمهم في عمرالعاشرة،
to be in poverty at the age of 30
في حالة فقر في عمر ال30
weren't doing those things.
with interpreting this type of science.
لتفسير هذا النوع من العلوم.
that certain things that parents do
أمور معينة يفعلها الوالدين
outcomes for children,
those behaviors caused the good outcomes,
التي تسببت بهذه النتائج الجيدة،
is getting in the way.
genes into account,
في عين الإعتبار،
مع هذه الدراسة البريطانية
with this British study
of about 10,000 children
النوم لحوالي 10.000 طفل
at regular times,
للسرير في أوقات منتظمة،
at different times during the week?
مختلفة خلال الإسبوع؟
who were going to bed at different times
ذهبو للسرير في أوقات مختلفة
to have behavioral problems,
to having regular bedtimes
it was the bedtime routines
get better for those kids.
على التحسن لهؤلاء الأطفال.
who were reading for pleasure.
يقرأون بهدف الإستمتاع.
a magazine, a picture book, a story book.
مجلة، كتاب مصور، قصة.
who were reading for pleasure
الذين يقرأون بهدف المتعة
better, on average,
for all the confounding factors,
who were equally intelligent
على مستوى واحد من الذكاء
which really helped those children
ساعدت الأطفال فعلاً
school tests later in their lives.
في إختبارات المدرسة لاحقاً.
or into disadvantage,
more difficult paths in their lives.
مسارات أكثر صعوبة في حياتهم.
if you can call it that,
of those early disadvantages.
that poverty doesn't matter after all?
مهم بالرغم من كل شيء؟
if a child is born poor --
غير مهم لو أن الطفل وُلد فقيراً.
they're going to do just fine.
وسيقومون بتربيته جيداً.
and parenting matter.
put figures on that,
growing up in persistent poverty
were doing everything right --
كل الأمور بشكل صحيح.
and everything else --
the educational gap
من الفجوة التعليمية
by about 50 percent.
leaves a really lasting scar,
to ensure the success and well-being
is an incredibly important thing to do.
هو أمر مهم علينا القيام به.
for you and me?
we can all take home and use?
to inform my parenting ...
تصرخون على أطفالكم
you're shouting at your kids
العلمية إلى جانبكم.
the scientific literature on your side.
happy, successful children
أطفال ناجحين وسعدا،
be interested in their future,
and give them a book to read?
وإعطائهم كتاب لقراءته؟
as simple as that.
looks at what happens
من الأطفال في المتوسط،
of children on average,
what will help my child or your child
ما الذي يساعد أطفالي وأطفالك
is going to walk their own path,
سيسير في دربه الخاص،
by the genes they inherit
they have through their lives,
يكتسبونها خلال حياتهم،
with us, their parents.
after I learned all this.
study of British children,
الرائعة عن الأطفال البريطانيين،
even spoke to my own British children.
لأطفالي البريطانيين.
at the end of the day
what they did today,
الذي قاموا بفعله اليوم،
what they do at school.
يفعلونه في المدرسة
they always have a book to read.
لديهم دائماً كتاب للقراءة.
for their future,
and do great things.
السعادة، وإنجاز امور عظيمة.
will make a difference,
it won't do them any harm,
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Helen Pearson - Science journalist, editor, authorHelen Pearson's book, "The Life Project," tells the extraordinary story of the longest-running study of human development in the world.
Why you should listen
In March 1946, scientists began tracking almost every British baby born in a single week. What they discovered would change how we are born, grow up, raise children, live and die. Helen Pearson's 2016 book, The Life Project, is the story of this incredible project and the remarkable discoveries that have come from it. It was named best science book of the year by The Observer and was a book of the year for The Economist.
As Chief Magazine Editor for the world’s leading science journal, Nature, Pearson oversees all its journalism and opinion content. Her own stories have won accolades including the 2010 Wistar Institute Science Journalism Award and two best feature awards from the Association of British Science Writers.
Helen Pearson | Speaker | TED.com