Helen Pearson: Lessons from the longest study on human development
Хелен Пиерсон: Лекција од најдолгата студија за човечкиот развој
Helen Pearson's book, "The Life Project," tells the extraordinary story of the longest-running study of human development in the world. Full bio
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a couple of questions.
to bring up your children
going up on that second one,
кренати раце за второто прашање,
pretty much no idea what I'm doing.
не ми е многу јасно што правам.
happy and healthy in their lives,
offering all kinds of conflicting advice,
спротивставени совети.
just making it up as I go along.
со попатни одлуки.
a few years ago,
that we have in Britain.
што ја имаме во Британија.
about how I bring up my own children,
во воспитувањето на моите деца
how we as a society can help all children.
општеството да им помогне на децата.
with you today.
тајната со вас.
thousands of children through their lives
илјадници деца во текот на нивните животи
anywhere else in the world.
on thousands of children
the ones who say,
споредиме оние, на пример
or happy or wealthy as adults,
се среќни, здрави и богати.
all the information we've collected
да ги анализираме собраните податоци
their lives turned out different.
зошто животот им бил поинаков.
it's actually a kind of crazy story.
и приказната е малку чудна.
after the end of the war,
по завршувањето на војната;
to have a baby at the time.
имале бебиња во тој период.
this huge survey of mothers
of nearly every baby
на речиси сите бебиња
and Wales in one week.
во една недела.
кои би ги прашале денес.
we might ask today.
of a pint of milk a day?"
од 1/2 литар млеко дневно? “
on smocks, corsets,
труднички фустани,
while you were in bed with this baby?"
додека бевте со бебето во постела?“
actually ended up being so successful
заврши толку успешно
of thousands of babies born in 1958
бебиња родени во 1958-та
have been involved in these studies
во истражувањето
and recorded more information
уште повеќе податоци
every few years ever since.
that's now been collected on these people
of paper questionnaires
a huge bank of tissue samples,
огромен збир на примероци од ткива,
nail clippings, baby teeth and DNA.
парчиња нокти, бебешки заби и ДНК.
from some of the births,
in a secure storage warehouse.
садови во безбедни магацини.
is tracking generations of children
нема толку подробни податоци
people on the planet,
проучените луѓе на планетата.
incredibly valuable for scientists,
за научниците,
academic papers and books.
on just one finding --
само на еден податок-
to come from this remarkable study.
откритие од ова значајна студија.
that spoke to me personally,
to do the best for our children.
науката за доброто на нашите деца.
out of the way first.
from this remarkable study is this:
од ова истражување е следната:
or into disadvantage,
to walk a difficult path in life.
тешкотии во животот.
were born into poor families
во сиромашни семејства
cramped homes or other problems,
збиени домови и други проблеми.
that those disadvantaged children
on almost every score.
мачеле во секоја област.
to do worse at school,
да се послаби ученици,
and to earn less money.
have been really surprising,
се изненадувачки, така што
unhealthy as adults.
како возрасни.
poor health and even to die earlier.
и рана смрт.
at a really shockingly early age.
на изненадувачки рана возраст.
the richer children on educational tests,
побогатите деца на училишните тестирања
again and again across the generations.
се откривани низ генерации.
have a profound influence
имаат огромно влијание
of our lives play out.
остатокот од нашиот живот.
that we face today.
со кои се соочуваме денес.
everyone, is this:
or into a struggling family.
и оскудни семејства.
the small problem here.
проблемот тука.
or how much they earn,
и колку тие ќе заработуваат,
a real note of optimism
и доза на оптизмизам
who has a disadvantaged start
кој почнал без привилегии
have a tough start in life,
имаат тешки почетоци,
on some measure nevertheless,
interested parents,
from a difficult start.
are really, really important,
го прават е навистина важно,
who were born in 1970.
родени во 1970-та.
that they had collected
податоци кои си собрале
who'd had a difficult start in life
кои имале тежок почеток
at school nevertheless.
more than anything else was parents.
нешто од сѐ, се родителите.
in those first few years of life
родители во првите години од животот
to do well at school later on.
успех на децата на училиште.
that parents do
кои ги прават родителите
outcomes for children.
резултати на децата.
seems to be really important, too.
е многу важно, истотака.
to them daily when they were five
им читале на 5-год. возраст,
in their education at the age of 10,
на 10 год. возраст
to be in poverty at the age of 30
во сиромаштија на 30-год. возраст,
weren't doing those things.
не го правеле тоа.
with interpreting this type of science.
при толкувањето на овој вид наука.
нешта кои ги прават родителите
that certain things that parents do
outcomes for children,
резултати за децата,
those behaviors caused the good outcomes,
ги дава добрите резултати
is getting in the way.
genes into account,
да ги земем предвид и гените,
with this British study
на ова истражување,
of about 10,000 children
на легнување на 10.000 деца
at regular times,
at different times during the week?
во текот на неделата.
who were going to bed at different times
кои оделе на спиење во различно време
to have behavioral problems,
to having regular bedtimes
it was the bedtime routines
дека навиките на легнување
get better for those kids.
подобри за децата.
who were reading for pleasure.
кои читале од задоволство.
a magazine, a picture book, a story book.
сликовници,раскази.
who were reading for pleasure
деца кои читале од задоволство
better, on average,
да бидат подобри на училиште,
for all the confounding factors,
да ги контролира нејасните фактори
who were equally intelligent
кои биле еднакво интелигентни
which really helped those children
им помогнало на децата
school tests later in their lives.
на школските тестови подоцна.
or into disadvantage,
или немаштија,
more difficult paths in their lives.
изгледи за потежок живот.
if you can call it that,
of those early disadvantages.
that poverty doesn't matter after all?
воопшто не е важна?
if a child is born poor --
ако детето е родено сиромашно,
they're going to do just fine.
се добри родители, ќе биде добро.
сиромаштијата и воспитувањето се важни.
and parenting matter.
put figures on that,
growing up in persistent poverty
во трајна сиромаштија
were doing everything right --
and everything else --
the educational gap
само го намали образовниот јаз
by about 50 percent.
за околу 50%.
leaves a really lasting scar,
остава траен белег
to ensure the success and well-being
да возможиме успех и благосостојба
is an incredibly important thing to do.
со детската сиромаштија.
for you and me?
we can all take home and use?
да ги научиме и примениме?
to inform my parenting ...
моето воспитување
you're shouting at your kids
the scientific literature on your side.
да ја имате при рака науката.
happy, successful children
успешни и среќни деца
be interested in their future,
за нивната иднина,
and give them a book to read?
и да им даваме да читаат?
as simple as that.
looks at what happens
of children on average,
what will help my child or your child
на моето или вашето дете
is going to walk their own path,
ќе одат по сопствен пат
by the genes they inherit
од наследените гени
they have through their lives,
кое ќе го стекнуваат во животот,
with us, their parents.
after I learned all this.
откако го научив ова.
со работата,
study of British children,
за британските деца,
even spoke to my own British children.
со моите британски деца.
at the end of the day
what they did today,
што правеле во денот,
what they do at school.
како се на училиште.
they always have a book to read.
дали имаат што да читаат.
for their future,
амбиции за нивната иднина,
and do great things.
и да прават големи нешта.
will make a difference,
тоа ќе направи промена,
it won't do them any harm,
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Helen Pearson - Science journalist, editor, authorHelen Pearson's book, "The Life Project," tells the extraordinary story of the longest-running study of human development in the world.
Why you should listen
In March 1946, scientists began tracking almost every British baby born in a single week. What they discovered would change how we are born, grow up, raise children, live and die. Helen Pearson's 2016 book, The Life Project, is the story of this incredible project and the remarkable discoveries that have come from it. It was named best science book of the year by The Observer and was a book of the year for The Economist.
As Chief Magazine Editor for the world’s leading science journal, Nature, Pearson oversees all its journalism and opinion content. Her own stories have won accolades including the 2010 Wistar Institute Science Journalism Award and two best feature awards from the Association of British Science Writers.
Helen Pearson | Speaker | TED.com