Helen Pearson: Lessons from the longest study on human development
Helen Pearson: Lärdomar från den längsta studien om mänsklig utveckling
Helen Pearson's book, "The Life Project," tells the extraordinary story of the longest-running study of human development in the world. Full bio
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a couple of questions.
några frågor till er.
to bring up your children
going up on that second one,
i luften den här gången,
pretty much no idea what I'm doing.
vad jag sysslar med.
happy and healthy in their lives,
och må bra,
offering all kinds of conflicting advice,
som erbjuder alla sorts råd,
just making it up as I go along.
att hitta på efter hand.
a few years ago,
för några år sedan,
that we have in Britain.
en liten brittisk hemlighet.
about how I bring up my own children,
i hur jag uppfostrar mina barn
how we as a society can help all children.
som samhälle kan hjälpa alla barn.
with you today.
thousands of children through their lives
följt tusentals barn genom deras liv
anywhere else in the world.
någon annanstans i världen.
on thousands of children
the ones who say,
or happy or wealthy as adults,
lyckliga eller rika som vuxna,
all the information we've collected
all insamlad information
their lives turned out different.
deras liv blev så olika.
it's actually a kind of crazy story.
det är faktiskt en helt galen historia.
after the end of the war,
to have a baby at the time.
att få barn i denna tid.
this huge survey of mothers
studien med mammor
of nearly every baby
av nästan varje barn
and Wales in one week.
under en veckas tid.
we might ask today.
som de skulle ställt idag.
of a pint of milk a day?"
av mjölk varje dag?"
on smocks, corsets,
rockar och korsetter,
while you were in bed with this baby?"
medan du var sängliggande med ditt barn?"
actually ended up being so successful
blev faktiskt så framgångsrik
of thousands of babies born in 1958
av tusentals barn födda under 1958
have been involved in these studies
involverats i dessa studier
and recorded more information
och registrerat mer information
every few years ever since.
med några års mellanrum.
that's now been collected on these people
samlats in om dessa människor
skriftliga frågeformulär
of paper questionnaires
a huge bank of tissue samples,
en enorm bank med vävnadsprover,
nail clippings, baby teeth and DNA.
mjölktänder och DNA.
from some of the births,
9 000 moderkakor från förlossningar,
in a secure storage warehouse.
i ett säkerhetslager.
is tracking generations of children
spårar flera generationer av barn
people on the planet,
studerade människorna på jorden,
incredibly valuable for scientists,
otroligt värdefulla för forskare,
academic papers and books.
akademiska uppsatser och böcker.
on just one finding --
på endast en slutsats -
to come from this remarkable study.
den här fantastiska studien.
that spoke to me personally,
to do the best for our children.
vetenskap för att gynna våra barn.
out of the way first.
ur världen på en gång.
from this remarkable study is this:
från denna studie är detta:
or into disadvantage,
eller svåra förhållanden.
to walk a difficult path in life.
en svår väg genom livet.
were born into poor families
föddes i fattiga familjer
cramped homes or other problems,
med trångboddhet eller andra problem.
that those disadvantaged children
att mer oturligt lottade barn
on almost every score.
i nästan alla lägen.
to do worse at school,
and to earn less money.
have been really surprising,
har verkligen varit förvånande,
unhealthy as adults.
poor health and even to die earlier.
dålig hälsa och en för tidig död.
at a really shockingly early age.
vid chockerande tidig ålder.
the richer children on educational tests,
på pedagogiska test,
again and again across the generations.
upprepade gånger över generationerna.
har en grundläggande betydelse
have a profound influence
of our lives play out.
kommer att se ut.
that we face today.
vi har att arbeta med idag.
everyone, is this:
or into a struggling family.
eller en problemfamilj.
the small problem here.
att ni inser problematiken här.
or how much they earn,
eller hur mycket de tjänar,
a real note of optimism
inger också hopp,
who has a disadvantaged start
en ogynnsam start,
have a tough start in life,
får många en tuff start i livet,
on some measure nevertheless,
ur flera aspekter ändå,
interested parents,
för barnens framtid,
from a difficult start.
en tuff start.
are really, really important,
och vad de gör är oerhört viktigt,
who were born in 1970.
som föddes 1970.
that they had collected
av information som hade samlats in
who'd had a difficult start in life
trots en tuff start i livet,
at school nevertheless.
more than anything else was parents.
än allt annat var föräldrarna.
in those first few years of life
under de första levnadsåren
to do well at school later on.
skulle lyckas i skolan.
that parents do
som föräldrar gör,
outcomes for children.
seems to be really important, too.
verkar också vara mycket viktigt.
to them daily when they were five
dagligen när de var fem år,
in their education at the age of 10,
för deras utbildning i 10-årsåldern,
to be in poverty at the age of 30
att vara fattiga vid 30 års ålder,
weren't doing those things.
inte gjorde dessa saker.
with interpreting this type of science.
att tolka denna typ av forskning.
that certain things that parents do
som föräldrarna gör
outcomes for children,
those behaviors caused the good outcomes,
att dessa beteenden orsakar resultaten,
is getting in the way.
som kan påverka.
genes into account,
with this British study
of about 10,000 children
för ca 10 000 barn
at regular times,
på regelbundna tider
at different times during the week?
under veckorna?
who were going to bed at different times
som gick och la sig på olika tider
to have behavioral problems,
beteendeproblem,
to having regular bedtimes
att ha regelbundna tider
it was the bedtime routines
att läggningsrutinerna
get better for those kids.
de här barnen.
who were reading for pleasure.
som läste för nöjes skull.
a magazine, a picture book, a story book.
en tidning, en bilderbok eller vanlig bok.
who were reading for pleasure
som gillade att läsa
better, on average,
var duktigare i skolan,
for all the confounding factors,
andra påverkande faktorer,
who were equally intelligent
med samma intelligens
which really helped those children
som verkligen hjälpte dessa barn
school tests later in their lives.
senare i livet.
or into disadvantage,
i fattigdom eller problem,
more difficult paths in their lives.
få det svårare genom livet.
att föräldrarna hade betydelse,
if you can call it that,
of those early disadvantages.
tidiga orättvisor.
that poverty doesn't matter after all?
inte spelar någon roll trots allt?
if a child is born poor --
att även om barnet är fattigt,
they're going to do just fine.
and parenting matter.
har betydelse.
put figures on that,
growing up in persistent poverty
i bestående fattigdom
were doing everything right --
gjorde allting rätt,
and everything else --
och allting annat,
the educational gap
endast utbildningsgapet
by about 50 percent.
leaves a really lasting scar,
lämnar djupa spår,
to ensure the success and well-being
vill nå framgång och hälsa
is an incredibly important thing to do.
otroligt viktigt.
for you and me?
we can all take home and use?
som vi kan ta till oss?
to inform my parenting ...
i mitt föräldraskap ...
you're shouting at your kids
litteraturen på sin sida.
the scientific literature on your side.
för att få glada och lyckade barn
happy, successful children
be interested in their future,
visa intresse för deras framtid,
and give them a book to read?
och ge dem en bok att läsa?
as simple as that.
looks at what happens
of children on average,
what will help my child or your child
vad som hjälper mitt barn eller ditt barn
is going to walk their own path,
att gå sin egen väg,
by the genes they inherit
av deras genetiska arv
they have through their lives,
de haft i livet,
deras föräldrar.
with us, their parents.
after I learned all this.
vad jag gjorde efter detta.
med att arbeta,
study of British children,
fantastiska studie av brittiska barn,
even spoke to my own British children.
pratade med mina egna brittiska barn.
at the end of the day
i slutet på dagen
och lyssnar på våra pojkar.
what they did today,
vad de gjort idag,
what they do at school.
they always have a book to read.
att de alltid har en bok.
höga förväntningar på dem,
for their future,
and do great things.
och åstadkomma mycket.
will make a difference,
kommer att göra skillnad,
it won't do them any harm,
att det inte gör någon skada,
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Helen Pearson - Science journalist, editor, authorHelen Pearson's book, "The Life Project," tells the extraordinary story of the longest-running study of human development in the world.
Why you should listen
In March 1946, scientists began tracking almost every British baby born in a single week. What they discovered would change how we are born, grow up, raise children, live and die. Helen Pearson's 2016 book, The Life Project, is the story of this incredible project and the remarkable discoveries that have come from it. It was named best science book of the year by The Observer and was a book of the year for The Economist.
As Chief Magazine Editor for the world’s leading science journal, Nature, Pearson oversees all its journalism and opinion content. Her own stories have won accolades including the 2010 Wistar Institute Science Journalism Award and two best feature awards from the Association of British Science Writers.
Helen Pearson | Speaker | TED.com