TEDxWomen 2011
Tan Le: My immigration story
Tan Le: La història de la meva immigració
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El 2010, la tecnòloga Tan Le va posar els peus damunt l'escenari de TEDGlobal per a mostrar una nova i potent interfície. Aquesta vegada, al TEDxWomen, ens explica una història molt personal: la història de com la seva família (mare, àvia i germana) va fugir del Vietnam i va construir una vida nova.
Tan Le - Entrepreneur
Tan Le is the founder & CEO of Emotiv, a bioinformatics company that's working on identifying biomarkers for mental and other neurological conditions using electroencephalography (EEG). Full bio
Tan Le is the founder & CEO of Emotiv, a bioinformatics company that's working on identifying biomarkers for mental and other neurological conditions using electroencephalography (EEG). Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
How can I speak in 10 minutes
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Com puc parlar en només 10 minuts
00:18
about the bonds of women over three generations,
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sobre els vincles de les dones durant tres generacions,
00:21
about how the astonishing strength of those bonds
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sobre com la sorprenent força d'aquests vincles
00:24
took hold in the life
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es va apoderar de la vida
00:26
of a four-year-old girl
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d'una nena de quatre anys
00:28
huddled with her young sister,
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al costat de la seva germana petita
00:30
her mother and her grandmother
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la seva mare i la seva àvia
00:32
for five days and nights
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durant cinc dies i cinc nits
00:34
in a small boat in the China Sea
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dins un petit vaixell al Mar de la Xina
00:36
more than 30 years ago,
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fa més de 30 anys,
00:39
bonds that took hold in the life of that small girl
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uns vincles que es van apoderar d'aquesta nena
00:41
and never let go --
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i mai la van deixar anar;
00:44
that small girl now living in San Francisco
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aquesta nena que ara viu a Sant Francisco
00:46
and speaking to you today?
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i els esta parlant avui?
00:49
This is not a finished story.
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Aquesta no és una història acabada.
00:52
It is a jigsaw puzzle still being put together.
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És un trencaclosques a mig fer.
00:55
Let me tell you about some of the pieces.
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Deixeu-me parlar sobre les seves peces.
00:59
Imagine the first piece:
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Imagineu-vos la primera peça:
01:01
a man burning his life's work.
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un home veient cremar la feina de tota una vida.
01:04
He is a poet, a playwright,
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És poeta i dramaturg,
01:07
a man whose whole life
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un home la vida del qual
01:09
had been balanced on the single hope
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s'havia recolzat en l'esperança única
01:11
of his country's unity and freedom.
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de la unitat i la llibertat al seu país.
01:14
Imagine him as the communists enter Saigon,
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Imagineu-vos-el quan els comunistes van entrar a Saigon,
01:17
confronting the fact
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afrontant el fet
01:19
that his life had been a complete waste.
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que la seva vida havia estat una pèrdua de temps.
01:21
Words, for so long his friends, now mocked him.
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Les paraules, amigues durant tant temps, ara es reien d'ell.
01:24
He retreated into silence.
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Es va refugiar en el silenci.
01:27
He died broken by history.
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Va morir atordit per la història.
01:31
He is my grandfather.
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Parlo del meu avi.
01:33
I never knew him in real life.
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Mai el vaig conèixer.
01:37
But our lives are much more than our memories.
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Però les nostres vides són més que memòries.
01:41
My grandmother never let me forget his life.
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La meva àvia mai va deixar que oblidés la seva història.
01:44
My duty was not to allow it to have been in vain,
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La meva tasca era no permetre que allò hagués passat en va,
01:47
and my lesson was to learn
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i la meva lliçó era aprendre
01:49
that, yes, history tried to crush us,
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que sí, la història va intentar aixafar-nos,
01:52
but we endured.
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però vam resistir.
01:54
The next piece of the jigsaw
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La següent peça del trencaclosques
01:56
is of a boat in the early dawn
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és un vaixell de matinada
01:58
slipping silently out to sea.
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lliscant silenciosament mar endins.
02:01
My mother, Mai, was 18
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Mai, la meva mare, tenia 18 anys
02:03
when her father died --
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quan el seu pare va morir;
02:05
already in an arranged marriage,
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amb un matrimoni concertat,
02:07
already with two small girls.
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quan ja tenia dues nenes petites.
02:10
For her, life had distilled itself into one task:
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Per a ella, la vida s'havia reduït a una sola tasca:
02:13
the escape of her family
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la fugida de la seva família
02:15
and a new life in Australia.
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i una nova vida a Australia.
02:18
It was inconceivable to her
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Per a ella era inconcebible
02:20
that she would not succeed.
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no aconseguir-ho.
02:22
So after a four-year saga that defies fiction,
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I després d'una saga de 4 anys que desafia la ficció,
02:25
a boat slipped out to sea
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un vaixell va lliscar mar endins
02:27
disguised as a fishing vessel.
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disfressat d'embarcació de pesca.
02:30
All the adults knew the risks.
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Tots els adults coneixien els riscs.
02:33
The greatest fear was of pirates,
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El temor més gran eren els pirates,
02:35
rape and death.
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la violació i la mort.
02:37
Like most adults on the boat,
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Com la majoria d'adults de la barca,
02:39
my mother carried a small bottle of poison.
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la meva mare portava un pot petit de verí.
02:43
If we were captured, first my sister and I,
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Si ens capturaven, jo i la meva germana primer,
02:46
then she and my grandmother would drink.
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i després ella i la meva àvia en beurien.
02:50
My first memories are from the boat --
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Els meus primers records són del vaixell:
02:52
the steady beat of the engine,
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la marxa continua del motor,
02:54
the bow dipping into each wave,
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la proa submergint-se a cada onada,
02:57
the vast and empty horizon.
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l'horitzó buit i immens.
03:00
I don't remember the pirates who came many times,
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No recordo els pirates que van venir alguns cops,
03:03
but were bluffed by the bravado
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però que van ser enganyats amb valentia
03:05
of the men on our boat,
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pels homes que hi havia al vaixell,
03:07
or the engine dying
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o el motor fallant
03:09
and failing to start for six hours.
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i deixant de funcionar durant 6 hores.
03:12
But I do remember the lights on the oil rig
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Però recordo els llums de la plataforma petrolífera
03:14
off the Malaysian coast
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prop de la costa de Malasia
03:16
and the young man who collapsed and died,
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i l'home jove qui va sofrir un col·lapse i va morir,
03:19
the journey's end too much for him,
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acabar el viatge era massa per ell;
03:22
and the first apple I tasted,
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i la primera poma que vaig tastar,
03:24
given to me by the men on the rig.
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me la va donar un home de la plataforma.
03:27
No apple has ever tasted the same.
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Cap poma ha tornat a tenir el mateix gust.
03:32
After three months in a refugee camp,
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Després de tres mesos en un camp de refugiats,
03:34
we landed in Melbourne.
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vam desembarcar a Melbourne.
03:36
And the next piece of the jigsaw
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La següent peça del trencaclosques
03:38
is about four women across three generations
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és sobre quatre dones al llarg de tres generacions
03:41
shaping a new life together.
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construint una nova vida juntes.
03:44
We settled in Footscray,
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Ens vam instal·lar a Footscray,
03:46
a working-class suburb
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un suburbi de classe obrera
03:48
whose demographic is layers of immigrants.
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amb una població formada d'immigrants.
03:51
Unlike the settled middle-class suburbs,
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A diferència dels suburbis de classe mitjana,
03:53
whose existence I was oblivious of,
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dels quals en desconeixia l'existència,
03:55
there was no sense of entitlement in Footscray.
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a Footscray no hi havia sentit del dret.
03:58
The smells from shop doors were from the rest of the world.
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Les olors provinents de les botigues eren d'arreu del món.
04:01
And the snippets of halting English
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Els fragments d'anglès entretallat
04:03
were exchanged between people
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eren intercanviats entre unes persones
04:05
who had one thing in common,
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que tenien una cosa en comú:
04:07
they were starting again.
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estaven començant de nou.
04:10
My mother worked on farms,
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La meva mare va treballar a granges,
04:12
then on a car assembly line,
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després en una cadena de muntatge de cotxes,
04:14
working six days, double shifts.
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treballant sis dies a doble torn.
04:16
Somehow she found time to study English
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D'alguna manera va trobar temps per a estudiar anglès,
04:19
and gain IT qualifications.
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i obtenir un títol d'informàtica.
04:21
We were poor.
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Érem pobres.
04:23
All the dollars were allocated
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Tots els diners estaven assignats
04:25
and extra tuition in English and mathematics
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i les classes extra d'anglès i matemàtiques
04:27
was budgeted for
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es financiaven
04:29
regardless of what missed out,
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sense importar de què prescindíem,
04:32
which was usually new clothes;
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que normalment era roba nova;
04:34
they were always secondhand.
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sempre era de segona mà.
04:36
Two pairs of stockings for school,
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Dos parells de mitjons per a l'escola,
04:39
each to hide the holes in the other.
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un per a tapar els forats de l'altre.
04:41
A school uniform down to the ankles,
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Un uniforme escolar llarg fins als turmells,
04:43
because it had to last for six years.
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perquè havia de durar sis anys.
04:47
And there were rare but searing chants
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Hi havia cants estranys però dolorosos
04:49
of "slit-eye"
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sobre els "ulls esquinçats"
04:51
and the occasional graffiti:
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i els grafits habituals:
04:53
"Asian, go home."
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"Asiàtics, torneu a casa".
04:55
Go home to where?
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Tornar a casa, on?
04:57
Something stiffened inside me.
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Alguna cosa es va encendre dins meu.
05:00
There was a gathering of resolve
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Era una acumulació de propòsits
05:02
and a quiet voice saying, "I will bypass you."
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i una veu suau que deia: "Ho superaré".
05:06
My mother, my sister and I
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La meva mare, la meva germana i jo
05:08
slept in the same bed.
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dormíem al mateix llit.
05:11
My mother was exhausted each night,
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Cada nit, la meva mare estava esgotada,
05:13
but we told one another about our day
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però ens explicàvem com ens havia anat el dia
05:15
and listened to the movements
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i escoltàvem els moviments
05:17
of my grandmother around the house.
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de la meva àvia per casa.
05:19
My mother suffered from nightmares
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La meva mare tenia malsons
05:21
all about the boat.
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tots del vaixell.
05:24
And my job was to stay awake until her nightmares came
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La meva feina era estar desperta fins que arribaven els malsons
05:27
so I could wake her.
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per així poder despertar-la.
05:30
She opened a computer store
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Va obrir una botiga d'ordinadors
05:32
then studied to be a beautician
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i després va estudiar per ser esteticista
05:34
and opened another business.
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i va obrir un altre negoci.
05:36
And the women came with their stories
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Les dones venien amb les seves històries
05:38
about men who could not make the transition,
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sobre homes incapaços d'evolucionar,
05:40
angry and inflexible,
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enfadats i inflexibles,
05:42
and troubled children caught between two worlds.
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i nens amb problemes atrapats entre dos móns.
05:45
Grants and sponsors were sought.
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Es van cercar subvencions i patrocinadors.
05:48
Centers were established.
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Es van crear centres.
05:50
I lived in parallel worlds.
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Vivia en dos móns paral·lels.
05:52
In one, I was the classic Asian student,
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En un, era la típica estudiant asiàtica,
05:56
relentless in the demands that I made on myself.
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implacable en allò que em proposava a mi mateixa.
05:59
In the other, I was enmeshed in lives that were precarious,
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En l'altre, estava involucrada en vides precàries,
06:02
tragically scarred by violence,
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marcades tràgicament per la violència,
06:04
drug abuse and isolation.
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les drogues i la marginació.
06:07
But so many over the years were helped.
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Però molts vam rebre ajuda al llarg dels anys.
06:09
And for that work, when I was a final year law student,
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I gràcies a això, quan estava cursant l'últim any de dret,
06:12
I was chosen as the young Australian of the year.
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vaig ser nombrada australiana jove de l'any.
06:15
And I was catapulted
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I vaig saltar
06:17
from one piece of the jigsaw to another,
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d'una peça del trencaclosques a una altra,
06:19
and their edges didn't fit.
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i els seus marges no encaixaven.
06:21
Tan Le, anonymous Footscray resident,
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Tan Le, resident anònima de Footscray,
06:23
was now Tan Le, refugee and social activist,
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era llavors Tan Le, refugiada i activista social,
06:27
invited to speak in venues she had never heard of
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convidada a parlar en reunions de les que no havia sentit a parlar mai
06:30
and into homes whose existence
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i a cases l'existència de les quals
06:32
she could never have imagined.
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no s'havia imaginat mai.
06:34
I didn't know the protocols.
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No coneixia els protocols.
06:36
I didn't know how to use the cutlery.
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No sabia com utilitzar la coberteria.
06:39
I didn't know how to talk about wine.
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No sabia parlar de vins.
06:42
I didn't know how to talk about anything.
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No sabia parlar de res.
06:46
I wanted to retreat to the routines and comfort
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Volia retrocedir a la rutina i el comfort
06:49
of life in an unsung suburb --
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de la vida en un suburbi desconegut:
06:52
a grandmother, a mother and two daughters
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una àvia, una mare i dues filles
06:55
ending each day as they had for almost 20 years,
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finalitzant el dia tal com havien fet durant gairebé 20 anys,
06:58
telling one another the story of their day
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explicant-se com els havia anat el dia
07:00
and falling asleep,
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i adormint-se
07:02
the three of us still in the same bed.
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les tres encara al mateix llit.
07:06
I told my mother I couldn't do it.
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Vaig dir a la meva mare que no podia fer-ho.
07:10
She reminded me that I was now the same age she had been
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Em va recordar que llavors jo tenia la mateixa edat que ella
07:13
when we boarded the boat.
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quan vam pujar en aquell vaixell.
07:16
No had never been an option.
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El "no" mai havia estat una opció.
07:19
"Just do it," she said,
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"Simplement fes-ho", va dir,
07:21
"and don't be what you're not."
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"i no siguis el que no ets".
07:24
So I spoke out on youth unemployment and education
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Així que vaig parlar sobre l'educació i la desocupació dels joves
07:27
and the neglect of the marginalized and the disenfranchised.
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i la desatenció dels marginats i aquelles persones privades de drets.
07:30
And the more candidly I spoke,
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I com més parlava amb franquesa,
07:32
the more I was asked to speak.
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més em demanaven per parlar.
07:35
I met people from all walks of life,
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Vaig conèixer gent de diferents professions i condicions socials,
07:38
so many of them doing the thing they loved,
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molts d'ells fent allò que estimaven,
07:40
living on the frontiers of possibility.
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vivint a la frontera del possible.
07:43
And even though I finished my degree,
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I tot i que vaig acabar els estudis,
07:46
I realized I could not settle into a career in law.
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em vaig adonar que no em podia endinsar en una carrera de dret.
07:49
There had to be another piece of the jigsaw.
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Havia d'haver-hi una altra peça del trencaclosques.
07:52
And I realized at the same time
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I al mateix temps vaig adonar-me
07:55
that it is okay to be an outsider,
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que està bé ser un desconegut,
07:57
a recent arrival,
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un recent arribat,
07:59
new on the scene --
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nou a l'escenari;
08:01
and not just okay,
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i no només està bé,
08:03
but something to be thankful for,
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sinó que cal agrair-ho,
08:05
perhaps a gift from the boat.
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potser un regal del vaixell.
08:08
Because being an insider
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Perquè estar a dins
08:10
can so easily mean collapsing the horizons,
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fàcilment pot significar col·lapsar els horitzons,
08:12
can so easily mean
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fàcilment pot significar
08:14
accepting the presumptions of your province.
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acceptar les assumpcions de la teva província.
08:17
I have stepped outside my comfort zone enough now
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He trepitjat prou fora del meu espai de comfort
08:20
to know that, yes, the world does fall apart,
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per saber que, sí, el món cau a trossos,
08:22
but not in the way that you fear.
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però no de la manera que temem.
08:25
Possibilities that would not have been allowed
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Possibilitats que no haurien estat permeses
08:27
were outrageously encouraged.
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es fomentaven arravadatament.
08:29
There was an energy there,
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Allà hi havia una energia,
08:31
an implacable optimism,
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un optimisme implacable,
08:33
a strange mixture of humility and daring.
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una barreja estranya d'humilitat i atreviment.
08:36
So I followed my hunches.
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Així que vaig fer cas de la meva intuïció.
08:38
I gathered around me a small team of people
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Vaig reunir amb mi un equip petit de persones
08:41
for whom the label "It can't be done"
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per a qui l'etiqueta "no es pot fer"
08:43
was an irresistible challenge.
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era un repte irresistible.
08:46
For a year we were penniless.
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No vam tenir diners durant un any.
08:48
At the end of each day, I made a huge pot of soup
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Al final de cada dia, cuinava una olla de sopa enorme
08:50
which we all shared.
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i la compartíem.
08:52
We worked well into each night.
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Treballàvem fins tard a la nit,
08:55
Most of our ideas were crazy,
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La majoria de les nostres idees eren bogeries,
08:57
but a few were brilliant,
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però algunes eren brillants,
08:59
and we broke through.
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i ens vam obrir pas.
09:02
I made the decision to move to the U.S.
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Vaig decidir traslladar-me als Estats Units
09:04
after only one trip.
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després d'un sol viatge.
09:06
My hunches again.
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Altre cop la meva intuïció.
09:08
Three months later I had relocated,
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Tres mesos després m'havia traslladat,
09:10
and the adventure has continued.
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i l'aventura ha continuat.
09:13
Before I close though,
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Abans d'acabar, però,
09:15
let me tell you about my grandmother.
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deixeu que us parli de la meva àvia.
09:18
She grew up at a time
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Va ser criada en una època
09:20
when Confucianism was the social norm
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en què el confucianisme era la norma social
09:22
and the local Mandarin was the person who mattered.
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i l'única persona important era el mandarí local.
09:25
Life hadn't changed for centuries.
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La vida no havia canviat durant segles.
09:28
Her father died soon after she was born.
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El seu pare va morir poc després del seu naixement.
09:32
Her mother raised her alone.
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La seva mare la va criar tota sola.
09:35
At 17 she became the second wife
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Als 17 anys es va casar per segon cop
09:38
of a Mandarin whose mother beat her.
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amb un mandarí la mare del qual la pegava.
09:41
With no support from her husband,
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Sense cap suport del seu marit,
09:43
she caused a sensation by taking him to court
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va despertar el furor portant-lo a judici
09:46
and prosecuting her own case,
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i portant el cas ella sola,
09:48
and a far greater sensation when she won.
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i un furor encara més gran quan va el guanyar.
09:51
(Laughter)
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(Riures)
09:53
(Applause)
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(Aplaudiments)
09:57
"It can't be done" was shown to be wrong.
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Resulta que que el "no es pot fer" era erroni.
10:03
I was taking a shower in a hotel room in Sydney
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Era en una habitació d'hotel a Sydney dutxant-me
10:06
the moment she died
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quan va morir
10:08
600 miles away in Melbourne.
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a 700 quilòmetres de Melbourne.
10:11
I looked through the shower screen
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Vaig mirar a través del vidre de la dutxa
10:13
and saw her standing on the other side.
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i la vaig veure de peu a l'altra banda.
10:16
I knew she had come to say goodbye.
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Sabia que havia vingut a dir-me adéu.
10:18
My mother phoned minutes later.
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La meva mare va trucar minuts després.
10:21
A few days later,
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Uns dies més tard,
10:23
we went to a Buddhist temple in Footscray
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vam anar a un temple budista de Footscray
10:25
and sat around her casket.
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i vam seure al voltant del taüt.
10:27
We told her stories
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Li vam explicar històries
10:29
and assured her that we were still with her.
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i vam assegurar-li que encara érem amb ella.
10:32
At midnight the monk came
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A mitjanit va arribar el monjo
10:35
and told us he had to close the casket.
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i ens va dir que havia de tancar el taüt.
10:38
My mother asked us to feel her hand.
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La meva mare va demanar-li que li toqués la mà.
10:41
She asked the monk,
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Va preguntar al monjo,
10:43
"Why is it that her hand is so warm
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"Com és que la seva mà és tan calenta
10:45
and the rest of her is so cold?"
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i la resta del cos tan fred?"
10:48
"Because you have been holding it since this morning," he said.
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"Perquè la hi heu agafat des d'aquest matí", va respondre.
10:52
"You have not let it go."
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"No l'heu deixada anar."
10:57
If there is a sinew in our family,
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Si hi ha una connexió en la nostra família,
10:59
it runs through the women.
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és la que passa per les dones.
11:01
Given who we were and how life had shaped us,
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A partir de qui érem i com la vida ens havia transformat,
11:04
we can now see
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ara podem veure
11:06
that the men who might have come into our lives
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que els homes a les nostres vides
11:08
would have thwarted us.
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ens haguessin fet fracassar.
11:10
Defeat would have come too easily.
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La derrota hagués estat massa fàcil.
11:13
Now I would like to have my own children,
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Ara m'agradaria tenir els meus propis fills,
11:15
and I wonder about the boat.
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i penso en el vaixell.
11:18
Who could ever wish it on their own?
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Qui podria mai desitjar això?
11:21
Yet I am afraid of privilege,
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Encara tinc por al privilegi,
11:23
of ease,
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de la comoditat,
11:25
of entitlement.
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del dret.
11:27
Can I give them a bow in their lives,
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Puc posar una proa a la seva vida,
11:29
dipping bravely into each wave,
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que es submergeix a cada onada,
11:32
the unperturbed and steady beat of the engine,
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la marxa continua i immutable del motor,
11:35
the vast horizon
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l'immens horitzó
11:37
that guarantees nothing?
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que no garanteixen res?
11:39
I don't know.
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No ho sé.
11:41
But if I could give it
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Però si pogués fer-ho
11:43
and still see them safely through,
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i conservar la seva seguretat,
11:45
I would.
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ho faria.
11:48
(Applause)
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(Aplaudiments)
12:00
Trevor Neilson: And also, Tan's mother is here today
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Trevor Neilson: La mare de la Tan també és aquí avui
12:03
in the fourth or fifth row.
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a la quarta o cinquena fila.
12:06
(Applause)
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(Aplaudiments)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Tan Le - EntrepreneurTan Le is the founder & CEO of Emotiv, a bioinformatics company that's working on identifying biomarkers for mental and other neurological conditions using electroencephalography (EEG).
Why you should listen
Tan Le is the co-founder and president of Emotiv. Before this, she headed a firm that worked on a new form of remote control that uses brainwaves to control digital devices and digital media. It's long been a dream to bypass the mechanical (mouse, keyboard, clicker) and have our digital devices respond directly to what we think. Emotiv's EPOC headset uses 16 sensors to listen to activity across the entire brain. Software "learns" what each user's brain activity looks like when one, for instance, imagines a left turn or a jump.
Le herself has an extraordinary story -- a refugee from Vietnam at age 4, she entered college at 16 and has since become a vital young leader in her home country of Australia.
Tan Le | Speaker | TED.com