TEDxWomen 2011
Tan Le: My immigration story
Tan Leová: Príbeh mojej imigrácie
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V roku 2010 sa technologička Tan Leová postavila na pódium TedGlobal, aby predstavila nové, silné rozhranie.
Ale teraz nám v TEDxWomen vyrozpráva veľmi osobný príbeh:
príbeh jej rodiny, jej mamy, starej mamy a sestry ako utiekli z Vietnamu a vybudovali si nový život.
Tan Le - Entrepreneur
Tan Le is the founder & CEO of Emotiv, a bioinformatics company that's working on identifying biomarkers for mental and other neurological conditions using electroencephalography (EEG). Full bio
Tan Le is the founder & CEO of Emotiv, a bioinformatics company that's working on identifying biomarkers for mental and other neurological conditions using electroencephalography (EEG). Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
How can I speak in 10 minutes
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Ako môžem vyrozprávať v desiatich minútach
00:18
about the bonds of women over three generations,
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príbeh o pute žien z troch generácií,
00:21
about how the astonishing strength of those bonds
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o tom ako neuveriteľná sila tohto puta
00:24
took hold in the life
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vzostúpila v živote
00:26
of a four-year-old girl
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štvorročného dievčatka
00:28
huddled with her young sister,
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schúleného v náručí sestry
00:30
her mother and her grandmother
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matky a starej mamy
00:32
for five days and nights
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päť dní a päť nocí
00:34
in a small boat in the China Sea
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na malej loďke v Čínskom mori
00:36
more than 30 years ago,
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pred viac ako tridsiatimi rokmi.
00:39
bonds that took hold in the life of that small girl
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Putá, ktoré sa vytvorili v živote toho dievčatka
00:41
and never let go --
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a nikdy viac nezmizli -
00:44
that small girl now living in San Francisco
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to dievčatko žije dnes v San Franciscu
00:46
and speaking to you today?
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a dnes sa k vám prihovára.
00:49
This is not a finished story.
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Tento príbeh sa ešte neskončil.
00:52
It is a jigsaw puzzle still being put together.
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Je to ako skladačka, z ktorej ešte stále chýbajú jednotlivé diely na jej dokončenie.
00:55
Let me tell you about some of the pieces.
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Dovoľte mi povedať vám o niektorých častiach tejto skladačky.
00:59
Imagine the first piece:
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Predstavte si prvú časť:
01:01
a man burning his life's work.
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muž páli svoje životné dielo.
01:04
He is a poet, a playwright,
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Je to básnik, spisovateľ,
01:07
a man whose whole life
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muž, ktorého celý život
01:09
had been balanced on the single hope
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stál na jedinej nádeji,
01:11
of his country's unity and freedom.
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že jeho krajina je jednotná a slobodná.
01:14
Imagine him as the communists enter Saigon,
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Predstavte si, ako komunisti vchádzajú do Saigonu,
01:17
confronting the fact
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a on čelí skutočnosti,
01:19
that his life had been a complete waste.
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že celý jeho život bol zbytočný.
01:21
Words, for so long his friends, now mocked him.
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Slová, ktoré boli dlhý čas jeho priateľmi, sa mu teraz vysmievali.
01:24
He retreated into silence.
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Stiahol sa do úplného ticha.
01:27
He died broken by history.
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Zomrel zlomený históriou.
01:31
He is my grandfather.
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Bol to môj starý otec.
01:33
I never knew him in real life.
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Nikdy som ho v skutočnom živote nespoznala.
01:37
But our lives are much more than our memories.
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Ale naše životy sú omnoho viac ako spomienky.
01:41
My grandmother never let me forget his life.
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Stará mama mi nikdy nedovolila zabudnúť na jeho život.
01:44
My duty was not to allow it to have been in vain,
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A mojou povinnosťou bolo nedovoliť, aby to všetko, čo sa stalo, bolo zbytočné
01:47
and my lesson was to learn
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a mojou lekciou na poučenie
01:49
that, yes, history tried to crush us,
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bolo, že, áno, dejiny nás chceli pokoriť,
01:52
but we endured.
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ale my sme to vydržali.
01:54
The next piece of the jigsaw
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Ďalšou časťou skladačky
01:56
is of a boat in the early dawn
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je loď za východu slnka,
01:58
slipping silently out to sea.
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ktorá sa pokojne kĺže do mora.
02:01
My mother, Mai, was 18
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Moja matka, Mai, mala 18 rokov,
02:03
when her father died --
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keď zomrel jej otec.
02:05
already in an arranged marriage,
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Už vtedy v dohovorenom manželstve,
02:07
already with two small girls.
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už vtedy s dvoma malými dievčatkami.
02:10
For her, life had distilled itself into one task:
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Už vtedy sa jej život zmenil na jedinú túžbu:
02:13
the escape of her family
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utiecť od rodiny
02:15
and a new life in Australia.
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a začať nový život v Austrálii.
02:18
It was inconceivable to her
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A nemohla si ani pomyslieť,
02:20
that she would not succeed.
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že by sa jej to nepodarilo.
02:22
So after a four-year saga that defies fiction,
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Takže po štvorročnej ságe, čo pripomína skôr fikciu,
02:25
a boat slipped out to sea
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loďka prestrojená za rybársku loď
02:27
disguised as a fishing vessel.
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vkĺzla do mora.
02:30
All the adults knew the risks.
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Všetci dospelí poznali riziká.
02:33
The greatest fear was of pirates,
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Najväčší strach budili piráti,
02:35
rape and death.
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znásilnenie a smrť.
02:37
Like most adults on the boat,
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Tak ako väčšina dospelých na lodi,
02:39
my mother carried a small bottle of poison.
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takisto si aj moja mama niesla so sebou fľaštičku s jedom.
02:43
If we were captured, first my sister and I,
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Ak by nás zajali, vypila by ho prvá moja sestra a ja,
02:46
then she and my grandmother would drink.
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mama a stará mama.
02:50
My first memories are from the boat --
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Moje prvé spomienky sú z tej lode -
02:52
the steady beat of the engine,
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stály hukot motora,
02:54
the bow dipping into each wave,
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prova sa vnára sa do každej vlny,
02:57
the vast and empty horizon.
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nekonečný a prázdny horizont.
03:00
I don't remember the pirates who came many times,
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Nespomínam si na pirátov, ktorí sa objavili veľakrát,
03:03
but were bluffed by the bravado
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ale boli sme zachránení odvahou
03:05
of the men on our boat,
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mužov na lodi,
03:07
or the engine dying
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alebo keď nám zlyhal motor
03:09
and failing to start for six hours.
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a nechcel sa naštartovať po celých šesť hodín.
03:12
But I do remember the lights on the oil rig
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Ale presne si pamätám svetlá ropnej plošiny
03:14
off the Malaysian coast
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na malajskom pobreží
03:16
and the young man who collapsed and died,
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a mladého muža, ktorý sa zrútil a zomrel,
03:19
the journey's end too much for him,
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cesta pre neho skončila priskoro,
03:22
and the first apple I tasted,
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a prvé jablko, ktoré som kedy ochutnala,
03:24
given to me by the men on the rig.
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a podaroval mi ho muž z ropnej plošiny.
03:27
No apple has ever tasted the same.
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Žiadne jablko mi už nikdy nechutilo tak isto.
03:32
After three months in a refugee camp,
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Po troch mesiacoch v utečeneckom tábore,
03:34
we landed in Melbourne.
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sme pristáli v Melbourne.
03:36
And the next piece of the jigsaw
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A ďalší kúsok skladačky
03:38
is about four women across three generations
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je o štyroch ženách troch generácií
03:41
shaping a new life together.
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ako si spolu vytvárajú nový život.
03:44
We settled in Footscray,
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Usídlili sme sa vo Footscray,
03:46
a working-class suburb
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na robotníckom predmestí,
03:48
whose demographic is layers of immigrants.
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kde bývali výlučne cudzinci.
03:51
Unlike the settled middle-class suburbs,
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Na rozdiel od predmestí strednej triedy,
03:53
whose existence I was oblivious of,
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o ktorej som nemala ani tušenie,
03:55
there was no sense of entitlement in Footscray.
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v Footscray neexistoval pocit, že by sa situácia mohla zlepšiť.
03:58
The smells from shop doors were from the rest of the world.
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Z otvorených dverí obchodov páchli zvyšky sveta.
04:01
And the snippets of halting English
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A ľudia si vymieňali
04:03
were exchanged between people
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útržky lámanej angličtiny.
04:05
who had one thing in common,
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Tí ľudia mali spoločnú len jednu vec,
04:07
they were starting again.
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začínali odznovu.
04:10
My mother worked on farms,
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Moja matka pracovala na farme,
04:12
then on a car assembly line,
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potom na automobilovej montážnej linke,
04:14
working six days, double shifts.
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pracovala šesť dní v týždni, dvojité zmeny.
04:16
Somehow she found time to study English
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A predsa si našla čas na štúdium angličtiny
04:19
and gain IT qualifications.
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a získala certifikáty z informatiky.
04:21
We were poor.
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Boli sme chudobní.
04:23
All the dollars were allocated
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A všetky naše doláre boli vyčlenené
04:25
and extra tuition in English and mathematics
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výlučne na hodiny angličtiny a matematiky
04:27
was budgeted for
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a boli vyplatené
04:29
regardless of what missed out,
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bez ohľadu na to, čo iné nám chýbalo,
04:32
which was usually new clothes;
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bolo to obyčajne nové oblečenie,
04:34
they were always secondhand.
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vždy sme nakupovali v second-hande.
04:36
Two pairs of stockings for school,
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Dva páry pančúch do školy,
04:39
each to hide the holes in the other.
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každý z nich, aby zakryl dieru v tom druhom.
04:41
A school uniform down to the ankles,
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Školská uniforma až po členky,
04:43
because it had to last for six years.
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pretože nám musela vydržať šesť rokov.
04:47
And there were rare but searing chants
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A potom tu boli občasné no nemilosrdné posmešky
04:49
of "slit-eye"
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"vy šikmookí"
04:51
and the occasional graffiti:
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a niekedy aj nasprejované nápisy:
04:53
"Asian, go home."
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"Aziati, chodťe domov."
04:55
Go home to where?
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Ísť domov, ale kam?
04:57
Something stiffened inside me.
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Niečo vo mne stuhlo.
05:00
There was a gathering of resolve
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Začal sa vo mne hromadiť tichý
05:02
and a quiet voice saying, "I will bypass you."
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no rozhodný hlas, ktorý hovoril: „Nebudem si vás všímať."
05:06
My mother, my sister and I
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Moja matka, sestra a ja
05:08
slept in the same bed.
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sme spávali v jednej posteli.
05:11
My mother was exhausted each night,
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Mama bola každú noc vyčerpaná,
05:13
but we told one another about our day
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ale vždy sme sa porozprávali o našom dni
05:15
and listened to the movements
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a načúvali sme, ako chodí
05:17
of my grandmother around the house.
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stará mama po dome.
05:19
My mother suffered from nightmares
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Mama mávala nočné mory,
05:21
all about the boat.
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všetky z nich boli o lodi.
05:24
And my job was to stay awake until her nightmares came
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A mojou úlohou bolo zostať hore, až kým neprišli jej nočné mory,
05:27
so I could wake her.
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aby som ju potom mohla zobudiť.
05:30
She opened a computer store
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Otvorila si počítačový obchod,
05:32
then studied to be a beautician
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potom študovala za kozmetičku
05:34
and opened another business.
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a otvorila si ďalší obchod.
05:36
And the women came with their stories
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Ženy prichádzali so svojimi príbehmi
05:38
about men who could not make the transition,
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o mužoch, ktorý sa nedokázali dostať na druhú stranu,
05:40
angry and inflexible,
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nahnevané a zaťaté
05:42
and troubled children caught between two worlds.
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problémové deti uviaznuté medzi dvoma svetmi.
05:45
Grants and sponsors were sought.
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Hľadali sa štipendiá a sponzori.
05:48
Centers were established.
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Založili sa centrá.
05:50
I lived in parallel worlds.
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Žila som v paralelných svetoch.
05:52
In one, I was the classic Asian student,
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V jednom som bola typický ázijský študent,
05:56
relentless in the demands that I made on myself.
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vytrvalý a neoblomný v požiadavkoch, ktoré som si na seba kládla.
05:59
In the other, I was enmeshed in lives that were precarious,
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V tom druhom som bola zamiešaná do neistých životov,
06:02
tragically scarred by violence,
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tragicky poznačených násilím,
06:04
drug abuse and isolation.
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užívaním drôg a izoláciou.
06:07
But so many over the years were helped.
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Ale mnohí z nich našli počas tých rokov pomoc.
06:09
And for that work, when I was a final year law student,
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A za túto prácu, keď som bola v poslednom roku štúdia na právnickej fakulte,
06:12
I was chosen as the young Australian of the year.
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bola som vybraná za mladú Austrálčanku roka.
06:15
And I was catapulted
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Vymrštilo ma to z jednej časti skladačky
06:17
from one piece of the jigsaw to another,
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do druhej, avšak okraje jednej a tej druhej
06:19
and their edges didn't fit.
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do seba nezapadali.
06:21
Tan Le, anonymous Footscray resident,
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Tan Leová, anonymná občianka Footscray,
06:23
was now Tan Le, refugee and social activist,
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sa stala teraz Tan Leovou, utečenkyňou a sociálnou aktivistkou,
06:27
invited to speak in venues she had never heard of
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pozývanou na udalosti, o ktorých nikdy nepočula
06:30
and into homes whose existence
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a do domácností, o ktorých existencii
06:32
she could never have imagined.
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ani len nesnívala.
06:34
I didn't know the protocols.
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Nevedela som, ako sa správne správať.
06:36
I didn't know how to use the cutlery.
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Nevedela som, ako používať príbor.
06:39
I didn't know how to talk about wine.
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Nevedela som, ako rozprávať o víne.
06:42
I didn't know how to talk about anything.
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Nevedela som, ako rozprávať o čomkoľvek.
06:46
I wanted to retreat to the routines and comfort
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Chcela som sa siahnuť späť do kolobehu a komfortu
06:49
of life in an unsung suburb --
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života na neznámom predmestí.
06:52
a grandmother, a mother and two daughters
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Stará mama, mama a dve dcéry
06:55
ending each day as they had for almost 20 years,
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končiac svoj deň tak, ako to robili po posledných 20 rokov,
06:58
telling one another the story of their day
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jedna druhej rozpráva svoj príbeh dňa
07:00
and falling asleep,
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a pritom zaspávajú,
07:02
the three of us still in the same bed.
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a všetky tri stále v tej istej posteli.
07:06
I told my mother I couldn't do it.
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Povedala som mame, že to nedokážem.
07:10
She reminded me that I was now the same age she had been
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Pripomenula mi, že som práve teraz vo veku, keď
07:13
when we boarded the boat.
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ona nastúpila na loď.
07:16
No had never been an option.
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Nie nikdy nebola žiadnou z možností.
07:19
"Just do it," she said,
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„Len to urob," povedala mi,
07:21
"and don't be what you're not."
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„a nebuď tým, čím byť nechceš."
07:24
So I spoke out on youth unemployment and education
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A tak som prehovorila o nezamestnanosti a vzdelaní mladej generácie
07:27
and the neglect of the marginalized and the disenfranchised.
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a zanedbanosti okrajových a znevýhodnených skupín.
07:30
And the more candidly I spoke,
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Čím viac som otvorene hovorila,
07:32
the more I was asked to speak.
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tým viac ma žiadali, aby som pokračovala.
07:35
I met people from all walks of life,
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Stretla som sa s ľuďmi s rôznym osudom,
07:38
so many of them doing the thing they loved,
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mnohí z nich robili, čo milovali,
07:40
living on the frontiers of possibility.
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žijúc na hranici možností.
07:43
And even though I finished my degree,
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A aj napriek ukončeniu vysokoškolské vzdelanie,
07:46
I realized I could not settle into a career in law.
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som si uvedomila, že právničkou byť nemôžem.
07:49
There had to be another piece of the jigsaw.
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Musí niekde existovať ešte ďalší kúsok skladačky.
07:52
And I realized at the same time
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A vtedy som si uvedomila,
07:55
that it is okay to be an outsider,
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že je v poriadku byť outsiderom,
07:57
a recent arrival,
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imigrantom,
07:59
new on the scene --
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novým na scéne.
08:01
and not just okay,
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A nielen v poriadku,
08:03
but something to be thankful for,
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ale možno je treba byť vďačný za,
08:05
perhaps a gift from the boat.
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možno za dar z lodi.
08:08
Because being an insider
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Pretože byť doma vo svojej krajine,
08:10
can so easily mean collapsing the horizons,
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môže veľmi ľahko zrútiť obzory,
08:12
can so easily mean
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môže veľmi ľahko
08:14
accepting the presumptions of your province.
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prijať očakávania vašej oblasti.
08:17
I have stepped outside my comfort zone enough now
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V tomto momente som vystúpila z mojej až príliš bezpečnej zóny,
08:20
to know that, yes, the world does fall apart,
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aby som vedela, že, áno, tento svet sa naozaj rozpadá,
08:22
but not in the way that you fear.
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ale nie takým spôsobom, ktorý by nás desil.
08:25
Possibilities that would not have been allowed
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Možnosti, ktoré by neboli povolené,
08:27
were outrageously encouraged.
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sa neuveriteľne podporovali.
08:29
There was an energy there,
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Bola v tom energia,
08:31
an implacable optimism,
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nezmieriteľný optimizmus,
08:33
a strange mixture of humility and daring.
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zvláštna zmes pokory a odvahy.
08:36
So I followed my hunches.
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A tak som nasledovala svoj vnútorný hlas.
08:38
I gathered around me a small team of people
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Zhromaždila som okolo seba malý tím ľudí,
08:41
for whom the label "It can't be done"
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pre ktorých nálepka „Je to nemožné"
08:43
was an irresistible challenge.
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bola neodolateľnou výzvou.
08:46
For a year we were penniless.
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Viac ako rok sme nemali ani penny.
08:48
At the end of each day, I made a huge pot of soup
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Na konci každého dňa som vždy spravila obrovský hrniec polievky,
08:50
which we all shared.
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s ktorým sme sa všetci podelili.
08:52
We worked well into each night.
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Pracovali sme až do noci.
08:55
Most of our ideas were crazy,
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Väčšina našich nápadov bola bláznivá,
08:57
but a few were brilliant,
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ale našli sa nejaké úžasné
08:59
and we broke through.
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a s nimi sme prerazili.
09:02
I made the decision to move to the U.S.
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Rozhodla som sa presťahovať do USA
09:04
after only one trip.
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hneď po ich prvej návšteve.
09:06
My hunches again.
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Znova môj vnútorný hlas.
09:08
Three months later I had relocated,
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Tri mesiace po presťahovaní
09:10
and the adventure has continued.
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moje dobrodružstvo pokračovalo.
09:13
Before I close though,
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Predtým než uzavriem,
09:15
let me tell you about my grandmother.
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dovoľte mi vyrozprávať príbeh o mojej starej mame.
09:18
She grew up at a time
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Vyrástla v čase, keď
09:20
when Confucianism was the social norm
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konfucionizmus bol spoločenskou normou
09:22
and the local Mandarin was the person who mattered.
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a najdôležitejšou osobou bol miestny mandarín.
09:25
Life hadn't changed for centuries.
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Život sa tam nemenil po storočia.
09:28
Her father died soon after she was born.
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Jej otec zomrel veľmi skoro po jej narodení.
09:32
Her mother raised her alone.
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Matka ju vychovala sama.
09:35
At 17 she became the second wife
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V sedemnástich sa stala druhou manželkou
09:38
of a Mandarin whose mother beat her.
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mandarína, ktorého matka ju mlátila.
09:41
With no support from her husband,
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Bez podpory manžela
09:43
she caused a sensation by taking him to court
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spôsobila rozruch, keď sa s ním súdila
09:46
and prosecuting her own case,
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a sama sa obhajovala
09:48
and a far greater sensation when she won.
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a na oveľa väčšie prekvapenie, vyhrala.
09:51
(Laughter)
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(Smiech)
09:53
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
09:57
"It can't be done" was shown to be wrong.
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Fráza „Je to nemožné" bola vyvrátená.
10:03
I was taking a shower in a hotel room in Sydney
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Práve som bola v sprche hotelovej izby v Sydney,
10:06
the moment she died
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keď zomrela.
10:08
600 miles away in Melbourne.
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600 míľ od Melbourne.
10:11
I looked through the shower screen
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Pozrela som sa cez sklo v sprche
10:13
and saw her standing on the other side.
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a videla som ju, ako stojí na jeho opačnej strane.
10:16
I knew she had come to say goodbye.
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Vedela som, že sa prišla rozlúčiť.
10:18
My mother phoned minutes later.
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Moja mama mi zavolala o pár minút nato.
10:21
A few days later,
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O pár dní neskôr
10:23
we went to a Buddhist temple in Footscray
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sme šli do budhistického chrámu vo Footscray
10:25
and sat around her casket.
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a posadali si okolo jej rakvy.
10:27
We told her stories
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Rozprávali sme si jej príbehy
10:29
and assured her that we were still with her.
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a uistili ju, že sme s ňou aj naďalej.
10:32
At midnight the monk came
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O polnoci prišiel mních
10:35
and told us he had to close the casket.
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a oznámil nám, že musí rakvu zatvoriť.
10:38
My mother asked us to feel her hand.
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Moja mama nás poprosila, aby sme sa dotkli jej ruky.
10:41
She asked the monk,
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Spýtala sa mnícha:
10:43
"Why is it that her hand is so warm
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„Čím to je, že jej ruka je taká teplá
10:45
and the rest of her is so cold?"
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a zvyšok jej tela taký studený?"
10:48
"Because you have been holding it since this morning," he said.
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A on odpovedal: „Pretože jej tú ruku držíte od rána."
10:52
"You have not let it go."
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„Nepustili ste ju."
10:57
If there is a sinew in our family,
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Ak existuje sila v našej rodine,
10:59
it runs through the women.
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určite je v ženách.
11:01
Given who we were and how life had shaped us,
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Je to tým, kým sme, a ako si nás život vytvaroval.
11:04
we can now see
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Teraz si uvedomujeme,
11:06
that the men who might have come into our lives
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že muži, ktorí by vstúpili do našich životov,
11:08
would have thwarted us.
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by ich iba zmarili.
11:10
Defeat would have come too easily.
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Boli by sme ľahko poraziteľné.
11:13
Now I would like to have my own children,
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V tomto čase snívam o vlastnej rodine
11:15
and I wonder about the boat.
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a stále myslím na tú loď.
11:18
Who could ever wish it on their own?
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Kto by v tom chcel byť sám?
11:21
Yet I am afraid of privilege,
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Mám strach z takého privilégia
11:23
of ease,
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pohody,
11:25
of entitlement.
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nároku.
11:27
Can I give them a bow in their lives,
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Som schopná im dať odvahu v ich živote,
11:29
dipping bravely into each wave,
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odvážne sa vnárajúcu do každej vlny,
11:32
the unperturbed and steady beat of the engine,
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neprerušovaný a stály hukot motora,
11:35
the vast horizon
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šíry horizont,
11:37
that guarantees nothing?
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ktorý nič nezaručuje?
11:39
I don't know.
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Neviem.
11:41
But if I could give it
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Ale ak by som im to mohla dať
11:43
and still see them safely through,
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a vedela by som, že budú v bezpečí,
11:45
I would.
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určite by som to urobila.
11:48
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
12:00
Trevor Neilson: And also, Tan's mother is here today
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Trevor Neilson: Dnes je tu s nami tiež Tanina matka
12:03
in the fourth or fifth row.
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v štvrtom či piatom rade.
12:06
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Tan Le - EntrepreneurTan Le is the founder & CEO of Emotiv, a bioinformatics company that's working on identifying biomarkers for mental and other neurological conditions using electroencephalography (EEG).
Why you should listen
Tan Le is the co-founder and president of Emotiv. Before this, she headed a firm that worked on a new form of remote control that uses brainwaves to control digital devices and digital media. It's long been a dream to bypass the mechanical (mouse, keyboard, clicker) and have our digital devices respond directly to what we think. Emotiv's EPOC headset uses 16 sensors to listen to activity across the entire brain. Software "learns" what each user's brain activity looks like when one, for instance, imagines a left turn or a jump.
Le herself has an extraordinary story -- a refugee from Vietnam at age 4, she entered college at 16 and has since become a vital young leader in her home country of Australia.
Tan Le | Speaker | TED.com