TEDYouth 2015
Raymond Wang: How germs travel on planes -- and how we can stop them
Raymond Wang: Hvordan smitte rejser med fly -- og hvordan vi kan stoppe det
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Raymond Wang er kun 17 år, men han er allerede i gang med at bygge en sundere fremtid. Ved at bruge fluid dynamics, skabte han en computermodel af hvordan luft bevæger sig i et fly og hvad han fandt ud af var foruroligende -- når en person nyser i et fly, vil luftstrømmene faktisk hjælpe med at sprede smittebærer til andre passagerer. Wang delte en uforglemmelig animation af hvordan et nys rejser inde i en flykabine, ligesom sin prisvindende løsning: en lille finneformet dims som forøger den friske luftstrøm inde i fly og dirigerer smittefuldt luft ud af cirkulation.
Raymond Wang - Inventor
Raymond Wang won the top prize in the 2015 Intel Science and Engineering Fair for his invention that circulates fresh air on planes and reduces transmission of germs between passengers. Full bio
Raymond Wang won the top prize in the 2015 Intel Science and Engineering Fair for his invention that circulates fresh air on planes and reduces transmission of germs between passengers. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
Can I get a show of hands --
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Må jeg få en håndsoprækning,
00:15
how many of you in this room
have been on a plane in this past year?
have been on a plane in this past year?
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hvor mange af jer, i dette rum,
har været på et fly i det seneste år?
har været på et fly i det seneste år?
00:20
That's pretty good.
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Det er udemærket.
00:21
Well, it turns out that you
share that experience
share that experience
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Det viser sig, at I
deler den oplevelse
deler den oplevelse
00:24
with more than three billion
people every year.
people every year.
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med flere end tre milliarder
mennesker hvert år.
mennesker hvert år.
00:27
And when we put so many people
in all these metal tubes
in all these metal tubes
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Og når vi sætter så mange mennesker
ind i alle de metal rør
ind i alle de metal rør
00:30
that fly all over the world,
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som flyver overalt i verden,
00:31
sometimes, things like this can happen
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kan ting som dette forekomme
00:34
and you get a disease epidemic.
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og vi får en sygdoms epidemi.
00:37
I first actually got into this topic
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Jeg kom først rigtigt ind i dette emne
00:39
when I heard about the Ebola
outbreak last year.
outbreak last year.
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da jeg hørte om ebolaens
udbrud sidste år.
udbrud sidste år.
00:41
And it turns out that,
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Og det viser sig,
00:43
although Ebola spreads
through these more range-limited,
through these more range-limited,
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at selvom ebola spreder sig
gennem dråber
gennem dråber
00:46
large-droplet routes,
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indenfor en begrænset afstand,
00:47
there's all these other sorts of diseases
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er der mange andre typer sygdomme
00:49
that can be spread in the airplane cabin.
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der kan spredes i et flys kabine.
00:51
The worst part is, when we take
a look at some of the numbers,
a look at some of the numbers,
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Det værste er, når vi ser
på nogle af tallene,
på nogle af tallene,
00:54
it's pretty scary.
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det er temmelig skræmmende.
00:56
So with H1N1,
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Med H1N1, (svineinfluenza),
00:57
there was this guy that decided
to go on the plane
to go on the plane
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var der en mand der valgte
at rejse med fly
at rejse med fly
01:00
and in the matter of a single flight
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og i løbet af denne ene flyvning
01:02
actually spread the disease
to 17 other people.
to 17 other people.
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spredte sygdommen sig
til 17 andre mennesker.
til 17 andre mennesker.
01:04
And then there was this
other guy with SARS,
other guy with SARS,
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Og så var der fyren med SARS,
01:06
who managed to go on a three-hour flight
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som under en 3-timers flyvning
01:08
and spread the disease to 22 other people.
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spredte sygdommen til 22 andre.
01:11
That's not exactly my idea
of a great superpower.
of a great superpower.
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Det er ikke just min ide
om et stort talent.
om et stort talent.
01:15
When we take a look at this,
what we also find
what we also find
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Når kigger på dette,
finder vi også ud af
finder vi også ud af
01:18
is that it's very difficult
to pre-screen for these diseases.
to pre-screen for these diseases.
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at det faktisk er ret svært,
at spore disse sygdomme.
at spore disse sygdomme.
01:21
So when someone actually
goes on a plane,
goes on a plane,
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Så når nogen stiger på et fly,
01:23
they could be sick
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kan de være syge
01:24
and they could actually
be in this latency period
be in this latency period
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og de kunne faktisk være
i den latens periode
i den latens periode
01:27
in which they could actually
have the disease
have the disease
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hvor de har sygdommen
01:29
but not exhibit any symptoms,
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men ikke viser nogen symptoner,
01:31
and they could, in turn,
spread the disease
spread the disease
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og de kan sprede sygdommen
01:33
to many other people in the cabin.
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til mange andre i flyet.
01:35
How that actually works is that right now
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I øjeblikket fungerer det således at,
01:37
we've got air coming in
from the top of the cabin
from the top of the cabin
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luften kommer ind
øverst i kabinen
øverst i kabinen
01:39
and from the side of the cabin,
as you see in blue.
as you see in blue.
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og fra siden af kabinen,
som du kan se med blåt.
som du kan se med blåt.
01:41
And then also, that air goes out
through these very efficient filters
through these very efficient filters
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Luften ledes ud gennem
disse meget effektive filtre,
disse meget effektive filtre,
01:46
that eliminate 99.97 percent
of pathogens near the outlets.
of pathogens near the outlets.
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som eliminerer 99,97 procent
af patogenerne, nær udsugene .
af patogenerne, nær udsugene .
01:51
What happens right now, though,
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Det der sker nu, er dog
01:52
is that we have this
mixing airflow pattern.
mixing airflow pattern.
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at luften blandes.
01:55
So if someone were to actually sneeze,
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Dvs. hvis nogen nyser,
01:56
that air would get swirled
around multiple times
around multiple times
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bliver luften hvirvlet rundt
flere gange
flere gange
01:59
before it even has a chance
to go out through the filter.
to go out through the filter.
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inden det passerer
gennem et filter.
gennem et filter.
02:03
So I thought: clearly, this
is a pretty serious problem.
is a pretty serious problem.
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Jeg tænkte: "Der er et helt indlysende
alvorligt problem her.
alvorligt problem her.
02:07
I didn't have the money
to go out and buy a plane,
to go out and buy a plane,
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Jeg havde ikke pengene til at
købe et fly,
købe et fly,
02:10
so I decided to build a computer instead.
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og valgte istedet at bygge en computer.
02:13
It actually turns out that
with computational fluid dynamics,
with computational fluid dynamics,
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Det viste sig, at ved beregning
af væskers bevægelse,
af væskers bevægelse,
02:16
what we're able to do
is create these simulations
is create these simulations
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kan vi skabe simulationer
02:18
that give us higher resolutions
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der giver os mere nøjagtige resultater
02:20
than actually physically going
in and taking readings in the plane.
in and taking readings in the plane.
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end de vi kan få ved fysisk at
foretage aflæsninger i flyet.
foretage aflæsninger i flyet.
02:24
And so how, essentially, this works
is you would start out
is you would start out
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Det virker helt basalt ved
at vi starter
at vi starter
02:27
with these 2D drawings --
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med 2D tegninger --
02:29
these are floating around
in technical papers around the Internet.
in technical papers around the Internet.
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som man kan i tekniske dokumenter
overalt på Internettet.
overalt på Internettet.
02:32
I take that and then I put it
into this 3D-modeling software,
into this 3D-modeling software,
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Dem lægger jeg ind i et
3D-modellerings program,
3D-modellerings program,
02:35
really building that 3D model.
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og bygger 3D-modeller.
02:37
And then I divide that model
that I just built into these tiny pieces,
that I just built into these tiny pieces,
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Derefter deler jeg modellen
i meget små dele,
i meget små dele,
02:41
essentially meshing it so that
the computer can better understand it.
the computer can better understand it.
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som computeren bedre kan forstå.
02:45
And then I tell the computer where
the air goes in and out of the cabin,
the air goes in and out of the cabin,
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Jeg fortæller den herefter, hvor
luften kommer ind og ud af kabinen,
luften kommer ind og ud af kabinen,
02:49
throw in a bunch of physics
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tilføjer lidt fysik
02:50
and basically sit there and wait until
the computer calculates the simulation.
the computer calculates the simulation.
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og venter så mens computeren
beregner simulationen.
beregner simulationen.
02:56
So what we get, actually,
with the conventional cabin is this:
with the conventional cabin is this:
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Resultatet vi får i med en
almindelig kabine er:
almindelig kabine er:
02:59
you'll notice the middle person sneezing,
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Bemærk personen i midten der nyser,
03:02
and we go "Splat!" -- it goes
right into people's faces.
right into people's faces.
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og så "Splat!" - direkte ind
i folks ansigter.
i folks ansigter.
03:06
It's pretty disgusting.
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Det er temmelig ulækkert.
03:08
From the front, you'll notice
those two passengers
those two passengers
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Set forfra har vi disse
to passagerer
to passagerer
03:11
sitting next to the central passenger
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ved siden af ham i midten,
03:12
not exactly having a great time.
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der ikke har det særlig sjovt.
03:14
And when we take a look
at that from the side,
at that from the side,
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Og når vi ser det fra siden,
03:16
you'll also notice those pathogens
spreading across the length of the cabin.
spreading across the length of the cabin.
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vil du også bemærke patogenerne
der spredes igennem kabinen.
der spredes igennem kabinen.
03:22
The first thing I thought was,
"This is no good."
"This is no good."
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Det første jeg tænkte var:
"Det her er ikke godt."
"Det her er ikke godt."
03:24
So I actually conducted
more than 32 different simulations
more than 32 different simulations
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Og så gennemførte jeg over
32 forskellige simulationer
32 forskellige simulationer
03:27
and ultimately, I came up
with this solution right here.
with this solution right here.
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og til sidst kom jeg frem til
denne løsning.
denne løsning.
03:31
This is what I call a -- patent pending --
Global Inlet Director.
Global Inlet Director.
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Det er hvad jeg kalder - patent afventer -
Global Inlet Director.
Global Inlet Director.
03:34
With this, we're able to reduce
pathogen transmission
pathogen transmission
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Nu kan vi reducere
overførelsen af patogener
overførelsen af patogener
03:37
by about 55 times,
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ca 55 gange,
03:39
and increase fresh-air inhalation
by about 190 percent.
by about 190 percent.
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og forøge indånding af frisk luft
med cirka 190 procent.
med cirka 190 procent.
03:42
So how this actually works
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Det fungerer ved
03:44
is we would install this piece
of composite material
of composite material
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at vi installerer et
sammensat materiale
sammensat materiale
03:47
into these existing spots
that are already in the plane.
that are already in the plane.
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eksisterende steder i flyet.
03:50
So it's very cost-effective to install
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Det er derfor billigt at installere
03:52
and we can do this directly overnight.
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og kan udføres på en enkelt dag.
03:54
All we have to do is put a couple
of screws in there and you're good to go.
of screws in there and you're good to go.
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Der skal blot isættes et par skruer,
og så er den klar igen.
og så er den klar igen.
03:57
And the results that we get
are absolutely amazing.
are absolutely amazing.
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Og resultaterne heraf,
er fuldstændig fantastiske.
er fuldstændig fantastiske.
04:00
Instead of having those problematic
swirling airflow patterns,
swirling airflow patterns,
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Istedet for at have de problematiske,
hvirvlende luftmønstre,
hvirvlende luftmønstre,
04:04
we can create these walls of air
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så kan vi lave vægge af luft
04:05
that come down in-between the passengers
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som kommer ned mellem passagerene
04:08
to create personalized breathing zones.
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og laver personlige åndezoner.
04:09
So you'll notice the middle passenger
here is sneezing again,
here is sneezing again,
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Her ser vi igen passagereren
i midten der nyser,
i midten der nyser,
04:12
but this time, we're able
to effectively push that down
to effectively push that down
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men denne gang kan vi effektivt
presse det ned
presse det ned
04:15
to the filters for elimination.
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og eliminere det i filtrene.
04:18
And same thing from the side,
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Og det samme fra siden,
04:19
you'll notice we're able to directly
push those pathogens down.
push those pathogens down.
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hvor vi direkte kan skubbe
patogenerne ned.
patogenerne ned.
04:23
So if you take a look again now
at the same scenario
at the same scenario
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Når vi ser samme scenarie igen,
04:27
but with this innovation installed,
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men den nye opfindelse installeret,
04:28
you'll notice the middle
passenger sneezes,
passenger sneezes,
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ser du passageren i
midten nyse,
midten nyse,
04:30
and this time, we're pushing
that straight down into the outlet
that straight down into the outlet
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og denne gang presser vi det direkte
ned i udsugningen
ned i udsugningen
04:34
before it gets a chance
to infect any other people.
to infect any other people.
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før det smitter andre personer.
04:37
So you'll notice the two passengers
sitting next to the middle guy
sitting next to the middle guy
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De to passagerer ved siden af
ham i midten
ham i midten
04:40
are breathing virtually
no pathogens at all.
no pathogens at all.
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indånder stort set ingen patogener.
04:43
Take a look at that from the side as well,
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Se det også fra siden,
04:45
you see a very efficient system.
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det er et meget effektivt system.
04:47
And in short, with this system, we win.
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Kort fortalt: Med dette system vinder vi.
04:51
When we take a look at what this means,
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Dette betyder ikke kun
04:54
what we see is that this not only works
if the middle passenger sneezes,
if the middle passenger sneezes,
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at det virker når personen i midten nyser,
04:57
but also if the window-seat
passenger sneezes
passenger sneezes
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men også når personen ved vinduet nyser,
05:00
or if the aisle-seat passenger sneezes.
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eller hvis personen ved gangen nyser.
05:03
And so with this solution, what does
this mean for the world?
this mean for the world?
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Hvad betyder dette for verden?
05:06
Well, when we take a look at this
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Når vi overfører det
05:09
from the computer simulation
into real life,
into real life,
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fra computer simulation til
det virkelige liv
det virkelige liv
05:12
we can see with this 3D model
that I built over here,
that I built over here,
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kan vi med 3D modellen,
05:15
essentially using 3D printing,
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og et 3D print,
05:17
we can see those same
airflow patterns coming down,
airflow patterns coming down,
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se at luftens mønster
er nedadgående
er nedadgående
05:20
right to the passengers.
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direkte til passagererne.
05:22
In the past, the SARS epidemic
actually cost the world
actually cost the world
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Førhen kostede SARS epidemien verden
05:26
about 40 billion dollars.
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ca 40 milliarder dollars.
05:27
And in the future,
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Og i fremtiden,
05:29
a big disease outbreak
could actually cost the world
could actually cost the world
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kunne et stort sygdomsudbrud
koste kloden
koste kloden
05:31
in excess of three trillion dollars.
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mere end 3 billioner dollars.
05:33
So before, it used to be that you had
to take an airplane out of service
to take an airplane out of service
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Tidligere måtte man tage
et fly ud af drift
et fly ud af drift
05:37
for one to two months,
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i en til to måneder
05:39
spend tens of thousands of man hours
and several million dollars
and several million dollars
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bruge flere tusinde mandetimer
og flere millioner dollars
og flere millioner dollars
05:42
to try to change something.
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for at ændre noget.
05:44
But now, we're able to install
something essentially overnight
something essentially overnight
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Men nu kan vi installere
fra dag til dag
fra dag til dag
05:47
and see results right away.
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og se resultater med det samme.
05:49
So it's really now a matter of taking
this through to certification,
this through to certification,
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Så nu er det bare et spørgsmål om
at få dette certificeret,
at få dette certificeret,
05:52
flight testing,
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testfløjet,
05:54
and going through all of these
regulatory approvals processes.
regulatory approvals processes.
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og igennem alle de lovgivningsmæssige
godkendelser.
godkendelser.
05:57
But it just really goes to show
that sometimes the best solutions
that sometimes the best solutions
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Men det viser bare at
nogle af de bedste løsninger
nogle af de bedste løsninger
06:00
are the simplest solutions.
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er de mest simple.
06:01
And two years ago, even,
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For bare to år siden,
06:05
this project would not have happened,
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ville dette projekt ikke være sket,
06:06
just because the technology then
wouldn't have supported it.
wouldn't have supported it.
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fordi vi ikke havde den
nødvendige teknologi.
nødvendige teknologi.
06:09
But now with advanced computing
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Men med avancerede computere
06:12
and how developed our Internet is,
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og et Internet i udvikling,
06:14
it's really the golden era for innovation.
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har vi nu en gylden æra for innovation.
06:17
And so the question I ask all
of you today is: why wait?
of you today is: why wait?
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Og spørgsmålet jeg stiller Jer alle
i dag er: "Hvorfor vente?"
i dag er: "Hvorfor vente?"
06:20
Together, we can build the future today.
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Sammen kan vi bygge fremtiden idag.
06:23
Thanks.
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Tak.
06:24
(Applause)
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(Bifald)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Raymond Wang - InventorRaymond Wang won the top prize in the 2015 Intel Science and Engineering Fair for his invention that circulates fresh air on planes and reduces transmission of germs between passengers.
Why you should listen
Raymond Wang is a Canadian youth innovator who is passionate about science, technology, engineering and entrepreneurship. He is one of Canada's Top 20 Under 20, and most recently, the recipient of the Gordon E. Moore award for the Top Project at the 2015 Intel International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF).
Raymond enjoys exploring STEM and promoting global sustainability. His latest engineering innovations, including his work with aircraft cabin airflow and his inventions of the “Weather Harvester,” “Smart Knee Assistant” and "Smart Bin,” have achieved international recognition.
Raymond is enthusiastic about inspiring others to pursue STEM opportunities. He actively reaches out to the local community through camps & associations, in addition to communities around the world through YouTube & Modern Media.
Having a strong passion for sustainability, Raymond has founded Sustainable Youth Canada, a youth-led non-profit organization dedicated to empowering young people in Affiliated Regions established from coast to coast to be leaders in tackling issues with environmental and energy sustainability.
In his spare time, Raymond enjoys exploring music as both a National Youth Band clarinetist and an avid pianist. He is also a keen director of films and videos; many of his productions have been recognized at local film festivals.
Raymond envisions himself pursuing a career in science, applying research and innovation with a business approach to do his part in bettering the world.
Raymond Wang | Speaker | TED.com