TEDYouth 2015
Raymond Wang: How germs travel on planes -- and how we can stop them
Rejmond Veng (Raymond Wang): Kako se bacili prenose u avionima - i kako da ih zaustavimo
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Rejmond Veng ima samo 17 godina, ali već pomaže u ostvarivanju zdravije budućnosti. Koristeći dinamiku tečnosti, stvorio je računarske simulacije kretanja vazduha u avionima i otkrio je šokantne stvari - kada neko kine u avionu, tok vazduha zapravo pomaže širenje patogena na druge putnike. Veng deli nezaboravnu animaciju toga kako se kašalj kreće kroz kabinu aviona, kao i svoje nagrađivano rešenje: mali uređaj u obliku peraja koji povećava protok svežeg vazduha u avionima i preusmerava vazduh sa patogenima van cirkulacije.
Raymond Wang - Inventor
Raymond Wang won the top prize in the 2015 Intel Science and Engineering Fair for his invention that circulates fresh air on planes and reduces transmission of germs between passengers. Full bio
Raymond Wang won the top prize in the 2015 Intel Science and Engineering Fair for his invention that circulates fresh air on planes and reduces transmission of germs between passengers. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
Can I get a show of hands --
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Možete li dići ruke -
00:15
how many of you in this room
have been on a plane in this past year?
have been on a plane in this past year?
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koliko vas u ovoj prostoriji
je ove godine bilo u avionu?
je ove godine bilo u avionu?
00:20
That's pretty good.
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To je prilično dobro.
00:21
Well, it turns out that you
share that experience
share that experience
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Pa, ispostavlja se
da to iskustvo delite
da to iskustvo delite
00:24
with more than three billion
people every year.
people every year.
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sa više od tri milijarde ljudi
svake godine.
svake godine.
00:27
And when we put so many people
in all these metal tubes
in all these metal tubes
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A kada stavimo toliko ljudi
u ove metalne cevi
u ove metalne cevi
00:30
that fly all over the world,
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koje lete širom sveta,
00:31
sometimes, things like this can happen
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ponekad mogu da se dese ovakve stvari
00:34
and you get a disease epidemic.
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i dobijete epidemiju zaraze.
00:37
I first actually got into this topic
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Ova me je tema zapravo zainteresovala
00:39
when I heard about the Ebola
outbreak last year.
outbreak last year.
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kada sam prošle godine čuo
za epidemiju ebole.
za epidemiju ebole.
00:41
And it turns out that,
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Ispostavlja se da,
iako se ebola širi kroz puteve
koji su više ograničeni prostorom
koji su više ograničeni prostorom
00:43
although Ebola spreads
through these more range-limited,
through these more range-limited,
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00:46
large-droplet routes,
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i imaju veće tragove,
00:47
there's all these other sorts of diseases
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postoje druge vrste bolesti
00:49
that can be spread in the airplane cabin.
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koje se mogu širiti
kroz kabinu aviona.
kroz kabinu aviona.
00:51
The worst part is, when we take
a look at some of the numbers,
a look at some of the numbers,
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Najgore je to što kada pogledamo
neke od ovih brojki,
neke od ovih brojki,
00:54
it's pretty scary.
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prilično je strašno.
00:56
So with H1N1,
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Sa H1N1,
00:57
there was this guy that decided
to go on the plane
to go on the plane
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bio je tip koji je odlučio
da se ukrca na avion
da se ukrca na avion
01:00
and in the matter of a single flight
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i za vreme jednog leta
01:02
actually spread the disease
to 17 other people.
to 17 other people.
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zapravo je preneo zarazu
na 17 drugih ljudi.
na 17 drugih ljudi.
01:04
And then there was this
other guy with SARS,
other guy with SARS,
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A bio je i drugi tip sa SARS-om,
01:06
who managed to go on a three-hour flight
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koji je uspeo da se ukrca
na let od tri sada
na let od tri sada
01:08
and spread the disease to 22 other people.
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i prenese zarazu
na 22 drugih ljudi.
na 22 drugih ljudi.
01:11
That's not exactly my idea
of a great superpower.
of a great superpower.
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To nije moja zamisao
velike supersile.
velike supersile.
01:15
When we take a look at this,
what we also find
what we also find
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Kada ovo pogledamo, takođe otkrivamo
01:18
is that it's very difficult
to pre-screen for these diseases.
to pre-screen for these diseases.
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da je veoma teško unapred pregledati
ljude na ove bolesti.
ljude na ove bolesti.
01:21
So when someone actually
goes on a plane,
goes on a plane,
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Kada se neko zapravo ukrca na let,
ta osoba može biti bolesna
01:23
they could be sick
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01:24
and they could actually
be in this latency period
be in this latency period
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i zapravo može da bude
u latentnom periodu
u latentnom periodu
01:27
in which they could actually
have the disease
have the disease
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gde može da ima zarazu
01:29
but not exhibit any symptoms,
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ali da ne pokazuju simptome,
01:31
and they could, in turn,
spread the disease
spread the disease
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a zauzvrat može da raširi zarazu
01:33
to many other people in the cabin.
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na mnoge druge ljude u kabini.
01:35
How that actually works is that right now
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To funkcioniše tako što
01:37
we've got air coming in
from the top of the cabin
from the top of the cabin
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imamo vazduh koji ulazi
sa vrha kabine
sa vrha kabine
01:39
and from the side of the cabin,
as you see in blue.
as you see in blue.
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i sa strana kabine,
kao što vidite u plavoj boji.
kao što vidite u plavoj boji.
01:41
And then also, that air goes out
through these very efficient filters
through these very efficient filters
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Vazduh takođe onda izlazi
kroz ove veoma efikasne filtere
kroz ove veoma efikasne filtere
01:46
that eliminate 99.97 percent
of pathogens near the outlets.
of pathogens near the outlets.
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koji eliminišu 99,97% patogena
blizu izlaza.
blizu izlaza.
01:51
What happens right now, though,
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Trenutno se ipak dešava
01:52
is that we have this
mixing airflow pattern.
mixing airflow pattern.
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da imamo ovaj šablon
mešanja toka vazduha.
mešanja toka vazduha.
01:55
So if someone were to actually sneeze,
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Tako da, kada bi neko kinuo,
01:56
that air would get swirled
around multiple times
around multiple times
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taj vazduh bi se zakovitlao
nekoliko puta
nekoliko puta
01:59
before it even has a chance
to go out through the filter.
to go out through the filter.
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pre nego što uopšte dobije priliku
da izađe kroz filter.
da izađe kroz filter.
02:03
So I thought: clearly, this
is a pretty serious problem.
is a pretty serious problem.
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Pomislio sam, ovo je očigledno
veoma ozbiljan problem.
veoma ozbiljan problem.
02:07
I didn't have the money
to go out and buy a plane,
to go out and buy a plane,
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Nisam imao novac
da odem i kupim avion,
da odem i kupim avion,
02:10
so I decided to build a computer instead.
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pa sam odlučio da napravim kompjuter.
02:13
It actually turns out that
with computational fluid dynamics,
with computational fluid dynamics,
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Zapravo se ispostavlja da
računarskom dinamikom fluida
računarskom dinamikom fluida
02:16
what we're able to do
is create these simulations
is create these simulations
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možemo da stvorimo ove simulacije
02:18
that give us higher resolutions
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koje nam daju veće rezolucije
02:20
than actually physically going
in and taking readings in the plane.
in and taking readings in the plane.
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nego kada bi fizički otišli
i uzeli uzorke iz aviona.
i uzeli uzorke iz aviona.
02:24
And so how, essentially, this works
is you would start out
is you would start out
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Ovo zapravo funkcioniše
02:27
with these 2D drawings --
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tako što počnete 2D crtežima
02:29
these are floating around
in technical papers around the Internet.
in technical papers around the Internet.
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koji lebde po internetu
u tehničkoj dokumentaciji.
u tehničkoj dokumentaciji.
02:32
I take that and then I put it
into this 3D-modeling software,
into this 3D-modeling software,
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Uzimam to i onda ga stavljam
u ovaj program za 3D modelovanje
u ovaj program za 3D modelovanje
02:35
really building that 3D model.
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i zaista napravim taj 3D model.
02:37
And then I divide that model
that I just built into these tiny pieces,
that I just built into these tiny pieces,
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Onda taj model koji sam napravio
izdelim na komadiće
izdelim na komadiće
02:41
essentially meshing it so that
the computer can better understand it.
the computer can better understand it.
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i u suštini ga zgnječim
tako da ga kompjuter bolje razume.
tako da ga kompjuter bolje razume.
02:45
And then I tell the computer where
the air goes in and out of the cabin,
the air goes in and out of the cabin,
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Onda kompjuteru kažem
gde vazduh ulazi i izlazi u kabini,
gde vazduh ulazi i izlazi u kabini,
02:49
throw in a bunch of physics
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ubacim fiziku u kombinaciju
02:50
and basically sit there and wait until
the computer calculates the simulation.
the computer calculates the simulation.
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i sedim i čekam
dok kompjuter izračuna simulaciju.
dok kompjuter izračuna simulaciju.
02:56
So what we get, actually,
with the conventional cabin is this:
with the conventional cabin is this:
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Sa uobičajenom kabinom
zapravo dobijamo ovo:
zapravo dobijamo ovo:
02:59
you'll notice the middle person sneezing,
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primetićete da osoba u sredini kija,
03:02
and we go "Splat!" -- it goes
right into people's faces.
right into people's faces.
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i desi se "Fljas!" -
odleti pravo u lica ljudima.
odleti pravo u lica ljudima.
03:06
It's pretty disgusting.
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Prilično je odvratno.
03:08
From the front, you'll notice
those two passengers
those two passengers
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Sa prednje strane,
primetićete dva putnika
primetićete dva putnika
03:11
sitting next to the central passenger
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koja sede pored onog u sredini
03:12
not exactly having a great time.
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i nije baš da se provode.
03:14
And when we take a look
at that from the side,
at that from the side,
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A kada to pogledamo sa strane,
03:16
you'll also notice those pathogens
spreading across the length of the cabin.
spreading across the length of the cabin.
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ptimetićete i te patogene
kako se šire duž kabine.
kako se šire duž kabine.
03:22
The first thing I thought was,
"This is no good."
"This is no good."
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Prvo što sam pomislio bilo je:
"Ovo nije dobro".
"Ovo nije dobro".
03:24
So I actually conducted
more than 32 different simulations
more than 32 different simulations
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Prvo sam sproveo
više od 32 različite simulacije
više od 32 različite simulacije
03:27
and ultimately, I came up
with this solution right here.
with this solution right here.
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i na kraju sam došao do ovog rešenja.
03:31
This is what I call a -- patent pending --
Global Inlet Director.
Global Inlet Director.
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Ovo nazivam - podneo sam zahtev za patent,
Globalni upravljač ulaza.
Globalni upravljač ulaza.
03:34
With this, we're able to reduce
pathogen transmission
pathogen transmission
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Ovim možemo da smanjimo
prenos patogena
prenos patogena
03:37
by about 55 times,
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za oko 55 puta,
03:39
and increase fresh-air inhalation
by about 190 percent.
by about 190 percent.
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a da povećamo udisanje svežeg vazduha
za oko 190 procenata.
za oko 190 procenata.
03:42
So how this actually works
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Ovo funkcioniše
03:44
is we would install this piece
of composite material
of composite material
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tako što ugradimo ovaj komad
kompozitnog materijala
kompozitnog materijala
03:47
into these existing spots
that are already in the plane.
that are already in the plane.
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u ova postojeća mesta u avionu.
03:50
So it's very cost-effective to install
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Veoma je ekonomično za ugradnju
i može se uraditi direktno za jedan dan.
03:52
and we can do this directly overnight.
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03:54
All we have to do is put a couple
of screws in there and you're good to go.
of screws in there and you're good to go.
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Sve što treba da uradimo je da zavrnemo
par šrafova i spremni ste za put.
par šrafova i spremni ste za put.
03:57
And the results that we get
are absolutely amazing.
are absolutely amazing.
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Rezultati koje dobijamo
zaista su neverovatni.
zaista su neverovatni.
04:00
Instead of having those problematic
swirling airflow patterns,
swirling airflow patterns,
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Umesto problematičnih šablona
vazdušnog toka koji krivuda,
vazdušnog toka koji krivuda,
04:04
we can create these walls of air
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možemo stvoriti ove vazdušne zidove
04:05
that come down in-between the passengers
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koji se spuštaju između putnika
04:08
to create personalized breathing zones.
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i stvaraju lične prostore za disanje.
04:09
So you'll notice the middle passenger
here is sneezing again,
here is sneezing again,
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Primetićete da putnik u sredini
ovde opet kija,
ovde opet kija,
04:12
but this time, we're able
to effectively push that down
to effectively push that down
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ali ovog puta to možemo
efektivno da suzbijemo
efektivno da suzbijemo
04:15
to the filters for elimination.
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do filtera radi eliminisanja.
04:18
And same thing from the side,
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Isto je i sa strane,
04:19
you'll notice we're able to directly
push those pathogens down.
push those pathogens down.
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primetićete da možemo
direktno da suzbijemo patogene.
direktno da suzbijemo patogene.
04:23
So if you take a look again now
at the same scenario
at the same scenario
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Ako opet pogledate isti scenario,
04:27
but with this innovation installed,
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ali sa ugrađenom inovacijom,
04:28
you'll notice the middle
passenger sneezes,
passenger sneezes,
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primetićete da srednji putnik kija
04:30
and this time, we're pushing
that straight down into the outlet
that straight down into the outlet
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a ovoga puta to suzbijamo
direktno do izlaza
direktno do izlaza
04:34
before it gets a chance
to infect any other people.
to infect any other people.
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pre nego što dobije priliku
da zarazi nekog drugog.
da zarazi nekog drugog.
04:37
So you'll notice the two passengers
sitting next to the middle guy
sitting next to the middle guy
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Primetićete dva putnika
koja sede pored tipa u sredini
koja sede pored tipa u sredini
04:40
are breathing virtually
no pathogens at all.
no pathogens at all.
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i dišu skoro bez ikakvih patogena.
04:43
Take a look at that from the side as well,
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Pogledajte to i sa strane,
04:45
you see a very efficient system.
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vidite veoma efikasan sistem.
04:47
And in short, with this system, we win.
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Ukratko, ovim sistemom pobeđujemo.
04:51
When we take a look at what this means,
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Kada pogledamo šta ovo znači,
04:54
what we see is that this not only works
if the middle passenger sneezes,
if the middle passenger sneezes,
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vidimo da ovo ne samo da funkcioniše
ako srednji putnik kine,
ako srednji putnik kine,
04:57
but also if the window-seat
passenger sneezes
passenger sneezes
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nego i ako putnik do prozora kine
05:00
or if the aisle-seat passenger sneezes.
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ili ako kine putnik do prolaza.
05:03
And so with this solution, what does
this mean for the world?
this mean for the world?
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Šta ovo rešenje znači za svet?
05:06
Well, when we take a look at this
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Kada pogledamo ovo
05:09
from the computer simulation
into real life,
into real life,
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od kompjuterske simulacije
do stvarnog života,
do stvarnog života,
sa ovim 3D modelom koji sam napravio
koristeći 3D štampanje,
koristeći 3D štampanje,
05:12
we can see with this 3D model
that I built over here,
that I built over here,
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05:15
essentially using 3D printing,
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možemo videti
05:17
we can see those same
airflow patterns coming down,
airflow patterns coming down,
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iste te šablone vazduha
koji se spušta,
koji se spušta,
05:20
right to the passengers.
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sve do putnika.
05:22
In the past, the SARS epidemic
actually cost the world
actually cost the world
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U prošlosti, epidemija SARS-a
koštala je svet
koštala je svet
05:26
about 40 billion dollars.
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oko 40 milijardi dolara.
05:27
And in the future,
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A u budućnosti,
05:29
a big disease outbreak
could actually cost the world
could actually cost the world
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velika epidemija zaraze
zapravo bi svet mogla da košta
zapravo bi svet mogla da košta
05:31
in excess of three trillion dollars.
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više od tri biliona dolara.
05:33
So before, it used to be that you had
to take an airplane out of service
to take an airplane out of service
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Pre ste morali da avion povučete
van službe
van službe
05:37
for one to two months,
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na jedan do dva meseca,
05:39
spend tens of thousands of man hours
and several million dollars
and several million dollars
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provedete desetine hiljada sati
i nekoliko miliona dolara
i nekoliko miliona dolara
pokušavajući da promenite nešto.
05:42
to try to change something.
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05:44
But now, we're able to install
something essentially overnight
something essentially overnight
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Sada možemo da ugradimo nešto
skoro preko noći
skoro preko noći
05:47
and see results right away.
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i da odmah vidimo rezultate.
05:49
So it's really now a matter of taking
this through to certification,
this through to certification,
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Sada je zaista stvar u tome
da se ovo sertfikuje,
da se ovo sertfikuje,
05:52
flight testing,
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testira na letovima,
05:54
and going through all of these
regulatory approvals processes.
regulatory approvals processes.
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i da se prođu svi procesi
pravila odobravanja.
pravila odobravanja.
05:57
But it just really goes to show
that sometimes the best solutions
that sometimes the best solutions
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Ovim se samo pokazuje
da su nekada najbolja rešenja
da su nekada najbolja rešenja
06:00
are the simplest solutions.
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ona najjednostavnija.
06:01
And two years ago, even,
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Pre samo dve godine,
06:05
this project would not have happened,
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ovaj projekat se ne bi desio,
06:06
just because the technology then
wouldn't have supported it.
wouldn't have supported it.
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prosto zato što tadašnja tehnologija
to nije podržavala.
to nije podržavala.
06:09
But now with advanced computing
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Ali sadašnjim naprednim izračunavanjem
06:12
and how developed our Internet is,
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i razvijenošću interneta,
06:14
it's really the golden era for innovation.
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ovo je zaista zlatno doba inovacija.
06:17
And so the question I ask all
of you today is: why wait?
of you today is: why wait?
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Pitanje koje želim da postavim danas je,
zašto da čekamo?
zašto da čekamo?
06:20
Together, we can build the future today.
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Zajedno možemo ostvariti budućnost danas.
06:23
Thanks.
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Hvala vam.
06:24
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Raymond Wang - InventorRaymond Wang won the top prize in the 2015 Intel Science and Engineering Fair for his invention that circulates fresh air on planes and reduces transmission of germs between passengers.
Why you should listen
Raymond Wang is a Canadian youth innovator who is passionate about science, technology, engineering and entrepreneurship. He is one of Canada's Top 20 Under 20, and most recently, the recipient of the Gordon E. Moore award for the Top Project at the 2015 Intel International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF).
Raymond enjoys exploring STEM and promoting global sustainability. His latest engineering innovations, including his work with aircraft cabin airflow and his inventions of the “Weather Harvester,” “Smart Knee Assistant” and "Smart Bin,” have achieved international recognition.
Raymond is enthusiastic about inspiring others to pursue STEM opportunities. He actively reaches out to the local community through camps & associations, in addition to communities around the world through YouTube & Modern Media.
Having a strong passion for sustainability, Raymond has founded Sustainable Youth Canada, a youth-led non-profit organization dedicated to empowering young people in Affiliated Regions established from coast to coast to be leaders in tackling issues with environmental and energy sustainability.
In his spare time, Raymond enjoys exploring music as both a National Youth Band clarinetist and an avid pianist. He is also a keen director of films and videos; many of his productions have been recognized at local film festivals.
Raymond envisions himself pursuing a career in science, applying research and innovation with a business approach to do his part in bettering the world.
Raymond Wang | Speaker | TED.com